• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.314-317
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• 2002

Since the early work of Tersoff and Hamann on the theory of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM), many theoretical approaches have been developed in order to gain further physical insight into the real space image that this technique provides. In this Paper, the STM image of Carbon nanotubes (CNT's) was calculated through the theoretical study. The optimized structure of CNT's was simulated using Brenner's hydrocarbon potential. The structure of simulation is (5. 5) armchair CNT and (10. 0) zigzag CNT. Also we have used that the extended Huckel tight binding (EHTB) theory already provides a fairly good qualitative description of the main processes that control the final contrast in the STM image. we found that the shape of the calculated images is hardly dependent on the exact electronic charge distribution at the surface. The STM images are not too sensitive to the precise electronic structure but, rather, they reflect its qualitative features. As a result of the simulation, The STM images of CNT's and the electronic density distribution were investigated. It found that the EHTB theory is appropriate for STM image calculation and that the STM images are in agreement with the result of Experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.76-83
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• 2010

Metallic sandwich panels with pyramidal truss structures are high-stiffness and high-strength materials with low weight. In particular, bulk structures have enough space for additional multi-functionalities. In this work, in order to fabricate 3-D structures efficiently, Layered Manufacturing Method (LMM) which was composed of three steps, including crimping process, stacking process and bonding process using rapid infrared brazing, was proposed. The joining time was drastically reduced by employing infrared brazing of which heating rate and cooling rate were faster than those of conventional furnace brazing. By controlling the initial cooling rate slowly, the bonding strength was improved up to the level of strength by conventional vacuum brazing. The observation of infrared brazed specimens by optical microscope and SEM showed no defect on the joining sections. The experiments of 1-layered pyramidal structures and 2-layered pyramidal structures subject to 3-point bending were conducted to determine structural advantages of multilayered structures. From the results, the multi-layered structure has superior mechanical properties to the single-layered structure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

This thesis analyzed the uniqueness of a toilet plane structure, centering on a case of Beautiful Public Toilet Construction Project under a project by Chungcheongnam-do and drew a conclusion as followings. Most of public toilets, constructed under a project by Chungcheongnam-do, were located in remains, tourist resorts, parks, and the outskirts of traditional markets. They were constructed at the selected location within an easy access of most user and plane structure was also designed so that the persons, in charge of management and maintenance, and the users could use them without difficulty. But some public toilets didn't establish the handicaps' toilet or made them difficult to sue due to location or size. The plane structure style was various such as a rectangular, stream line, or circle in accordance with location or building size. A circle-styled toilet offered a good view but didn't offer a good access or an effective space for users. In addition, when a handicapped person enters a toilet, he or she has to enter or go out of it through a sliding dor. So a constructor has to make progress of a work in accordance with this point.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.140-155
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• 2018

In response to the development of IT technology in the 21st century and the advancement of the public human rights consciousness, it has become necessary to continuously evolve the office environments to support the changes of organizational structure and work methods of the police investigation departments. As a facility standard, continuous researches on standardized design space models and guidelines of the police investigation departments are needed. In respond to the organizational changes for the convenience of the working police investigators and the protection of the human rights of the visiting public, the environmental improvement projects for the office of the investigation department of the police stations are going on since 2014. In this study, analyzation and verification of the 3 cases of pilot projects for the improvement of police investigation departments would be done, based on the policy research project in 2014: 'the standard design direction of police officers for the protection of human rights and benefit of police investigation process.' The purpose of this study is, first of all, the actual situation survey for presenting the standard design space model and guidelines of investigation department of the police department. Secondly, the validation of the spatial model adequacy for for the past 3 years' case study of the police investigation department's environmental improvements by the application of standardized design space models and guidelines. The result of this study would be to enable the more effective police department investigation environment improvement policy by presenting the standard design space models and guidelines of the investigation departments of the police facilities.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.391-400
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to reassert the important role of sound design in creating narrative space in films. The main focus is on re-interpreting Chion's sound space composition as a narrative structure. The sound design process has been analyzed to find that the physical properties of sound are purposely manipulated to create the layers of sound to be perceived by the audience in the same way as human perception and cognition of the actual reality work, eventually to create the cinematic reality. The hierarchy of the layers is determined by the importance of the narrative information contained in each sound, with the higher layers being appropriate to convey the information of the narrative, and the lower layers being efficient to deliver the emotion to the audience. With this idea, each of the Chion's space composition is explained as a distinctive area in telling a story with the separate narrative role from the others.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.77-93
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• 2011

Across the culture of Western Europe, dichotomy based on the visual sense has evolved. They believed eyes and ears requiring a distance related in recognition, are more developed than any other human senses in human body. Dominant position, as a condition to using a perspective, the eye has been just concentrated in the development of optical sight. But developed a variety of modern media, highlighting the importance of the other perception, it makes dichotomy to the expansion of perception over the single function of visuality. Recently, Guille Deleuze and Merleau-Ponty try to recover the sense of tactility segregated in skin from body keeping eyes for distance. By the result, the activity can be happened by being connected to the body rather than to eye in the space between the subject and object. From the phase of recognition where the human body tries to identify the object in the space considering a time, it will be changed for the subject to the phase of structure vice versa. Visual tactility is to eliminate the distance between subject and object. If the visual tactility is to erase the distance different from the visual in dichotomy, it will be occurred to having a tension and makes new relationship to work trying to move the subjective point of view in object. Like this evidence in analysis of architecture, it can be easy to find the Korean architecture rather than western architecture in terms of emphasizing the time and space. The fact, architecture of Lee Dynasty had been preserved and consisted basic form and style over the centuries makes us assume that visual tactility was considered as well as the visual sense. This study will be intensive in terms of visual and tactile inherent in the subject and how it is being connected to the movement in the space and time.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.72.1-72.1
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• 2014

In this study, we extrapolate a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) from an observed photospheric magnetic field to understand the three-dimensional (3D) coronal magnetic field producing a huge solar flare. The purpose of this study is to develop a NLFFF extrapolation code based on the so-called MHD relaxation method and check how accurately our model reconstructs a coronal field. Furthermore, we apply it to the photospheric magnetic field obtained by Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to reconstruct a 3D magnetic structure. We first investigate factors in controlling the accuracy of our NLFFF code by using a semi-analytical solution obtained by Low & Lou (1990). To extend a work done by Inoue et al. (2014), we apply various boundary conditions at the side and top boundaries in order to make our solution close to a realistic solution. As a consequence, our solution has a good accuracy when three components of a reference field are all fixed at the boundaries. Furthermore, it is also found that our solution is well matched to the Low & Lou solution in the central area of a simulation domain when the three components of a potential field are fixed at side and top boundaries (this approach is close to a realistic solution). Finally, we present the 3D coronal magnetic field producing an X 1.5-class flare in the active region 11166 through the extrapolation from SDO/HMI.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.111-122
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• 2012

This study is to evaluate the classification system of rural-villages remodeling components which is provided for improving the quality of life for rural community by improvement of settlement environment. To achieve this, rural-villages remodeling components are classified according to the spatial structure of rural area through analysis of literature, then we have examined the applicability through case studies after modification work which is based on experts's discussion and rearrangement by pilot investigation of researcher. In the classification system of rural-villages remodeling classified productivity area, residential area, community area in first group and this classification is divided into 6 space to production, 4 space to residence, 5 space to community in second group by literature search, pilot investigation of researcher and field survey. The subject elements surveyed a total of 123 through the literature search, additionally, 1 element at a space to production and space to community in field survey for types in zoning cases. As a result, categories and items are decided that it is included 125 target elements.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.111-120
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• 2000

Certain complex forces are existing at the other side of a canvas. These are visual arrangements and within the arrangement, even the simple combination of dots and lines create more than visual patterns. No matter what form that visual art has taken, it is performed in a certain space and it is constucted with various visual elements. For effective communication, visual elements must form a stable sturcture by extablishing organic relationship among each other. These requires an understanding of the human visual characteristics and psychonology, because human sight senses the same biological and psychological visual elements differently in its force and weight, according to the position within a given space. Although the structure which controls such force and weight exists within a peice of work, it is a internal plan of the work that actually controls the communication through a man\ulcorner psychological reactions towards the horizontal and virtical structures within it. Moreover it is a visual statement that effectively expresses a theme or a message. This thesis has studied visual structures through the analysis of art pieces regarding of these kind of a visual picture plane, characteristics of a picture plane formed by a structure of force existing on the other side of the picture and the theory of visual balance. In addition, the aim of this study is to help designers who deals with visual image works to understand the visual structures and psychological recognitions and to apply these picture plane compositions at their real work by recognizing the psychological power within the construction elements.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.355-372
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• 2006

Mission opportunities and trajectory characteristics for the future Korean Mars mission have designed and analyzed using KSIV-III(Korea Space Launch Vehicle-III). Korea's first space center, 'NARO space center' is selected as a launch site. For launch opportunities, year 2033 is investigated under considering the date of space center's completion with KSLV series development status. Optimal magnitude of various maneuvers, Trans Mars Injection (TMI) maneuver, Trajectory Correction Maneuver (TCM), Mars Orbit Insertion (MOI) maneuver and Orbit Trim Maneuver(OTM), which are required during the every Mars mission phases are computed with the formulation of nonlinear optimization problems using NPSOL software. Finally, mass budgets for upper stage (launcher for KSIV-III and spacecraft are derived using various optimized maneuver magnitudes. For results, daily launch window from NARO space center for successful Korean Mars mission is avaliable for next 27 minutes starting from Apr. 16. 2033. 12:17:26 (UTC). Maximum spacecraft gross mass which can delivered to Mars is about 206kg, with propellant mass of 109kg and structure mass of 97kg, when on board spacecraft thruster's Isp is assumed to have 290 sec. For upper stage, having structure ratio of 0.15 and Isp value of 280 sec, gross mass is about 1293kg with propellant mass of 1099kg and structure mass of 194kg. However, including 10% margins to computed optimal maneuver values, spacecraft gross mass is reduced to about 148kg with upper stage's mass of 1352kg. This work will give various insights, requiring performances to developing of KSIV-III and spacecraft design for future Korean Mars missions.