• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.87-105
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to verify that students' interest in team activities for problem solving, the effect of interest on it, and students' changes in perceptions and their behavioral characteristics in the process of problem solving. The study reviewed documents prepared by students, such as work sheets, descriptive questionnaires, works and their photos, student activity photos and observation journals of teachers. The results of this research are as below. First, a problem solving team activity for making a model car was considered an interesting assignment by more than 90% of male/female students. The fact that female students could be more focused on this assignment than male students was discovered. Interest in the assignment not only had an influence on the points from the start (the blueprint) to the end (model cars completed based upon the designs) of problem solving, but also provided the traction power behind the assignment. Second, the problem solving team activity allowed the students to change their existing recognition (thoughts) while positively taking a lead or indirectly utilizing various learning experiences (including experiences of failure). Third, $2^{nd}$ graders in middle school had a tendency to solve problems in dependently rather than to receive help from others when they encountered problematic situations.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.136-144
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• 2016

Purpose: To provide practical data for bioethics education, we identified correlations between recognition of good death, attitude towards withdrawal of meaningless life-sustaining treatment, and attitude towards euthanasia in nurses. Methods: Using convenience sampling, we recruited 218 nurses who had at least six-month work experience in one of the six general hospitals with 500 or more beds in Seoul, Busan, and Gyeongsang province. All participants understood the purpose of the study and agreed to take part in the study. The research tools used included the Concept of Good Death Measure (CoGD), the measurement tool for attitudes towards withdrawal of meaningless life-sustaining treatment (WoMLST), and the measurement tool for attitudes towards euthanasia. Data were analyzed using an Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS 21 for Windows. Results: Nurses had normal levels on CoGD, WoMLST, and attitudes towards euthanasia. Nurses' CoGD, WoMLST, and euthanasia scores significantly differed depending on their education level, working period, and the importance of religion to them. A negative correlation was found between the CoGD and WoMLST scores, and WoMLST and euthanasia scores were positively correlated. Conclusion: Nurses should be trained to deal with ethical issues that may arise while caring for terminal patients. It is necessary for nurses to understand the concepts related to CoGD, WoMLST, and euthanasia, and to promote bioethics education with focus on decision-making and problem-solving ability in ethically conflicting situations.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 1986

We got the following results from the 324 radiologic technologists as we surveyed their working condition by using the questionaire, who were working in the medical institutions (general hospitals and doctor's clinics) situated in the area of Seoul city, Kyung ki-do and Chung-chong-do since June to December 1985. 1. Their daily average working time was almost within 10 hours (in 93.9% of general hospitals, 66.1% of clinics). 2. About the numbers of holidays, 85.5% of general hospitals have one holiday per week,41.3% of clinics have one holiday per week or 38.5% of clinics have one holiday per two weeks. 3. Duty appointment of radiologic technologists in the department of radiology is taking charge of each part after serving for a certain part for some period (42.8%), taking charge of the special part continually or by turns in other working parts (35.3%). On the other hand in the clinics they took charge of all parts continually (53.2%) or by turns with their own situations. (30.3%). 4. Their daily working amount is too much in 51.6% of general hospitals or 45.8% of clinics. 5. They answered it was hard in 81.4% of general hospitals or 43.1% of clinics about the degree of difficulty of their work. 6. Their monthly salary is higher in the clinics than in the general hospitals and higher in Seoul area than in Kyung-ki or Chung-chong area. 7. Their yearly bonus .ate is 400%-600% (69.2%) in almost general hospitals, 100%-300% (57.8%) in th. clinics. 8. Danger allowance is paid with the monthly salary in 62.8% of the general hospitals or 19.2% of clinics and license allowance is paid in 44.7% of general hospitals or in 12.8% of clinics. 9. Their initial salary (except bonus) is about 200,000 won (in 76.8% of general hospitals, in 67.8% of clinics). 10. Their salary is raised regulary every year in 52.6% of general hospitals, but it is irregulary in 73.4% of clinics. 11. Promotion system is managed in 48.4% of the general hospitals or in 14.7% of clinics. 12. Retirement allowance is assured in 96.9% of the general hospitals or in 63.3% of clinics. 13. Main cause of their retirement is moving to more paid hospitals, better hospitals in working condition or facilities, moving to another cities, to the hospitals with more opportunities of promotion or choosing other jobs etc. 14. Human relationship with doctors, nurses or co-worker technologists as a member of medical team appeared almost intimate and good.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.65-90
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• 2011

This study aims to investigate how labour time pressure is associated with leisure selection and managing leisure hours, especially focusing on health related behavior issues. I have employed Time Diary data of 9,891 Korean respondents who were married and living in the cities and metropolitan area (female 51.8%, age range 20-69, average age=45.7). Leisure activities, as dependent variable, which were introduced in time diary data and the amount of time spent for such leisure were estimated. Results show that in time pressing situations(having long labour hours), leisure activities, and the hours spent for leisure tend to suffer. Especially, solitary leisure, like exercise or walking was very likely to sacrifice under time pressure. Moreover, in terms of sports or exercise, results suggest that not only time resource but also social and economic resources seemed to required for actually initiating the activity. Therefore, simply having more time (less tiome for work) may not be enough for promoting exercise for this population. Strategies and social policies that are aiming for promoting healthy behavior needs more closer look on leisure situation and people's desire for optimizing their time.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.623-641
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• 2018

The goal of this study is to verify the effectiveness of collective leadership. Specifically, we examine the direct effect of collective leadership on creative behavior and how this relationship is affected indirectly by organization-based self-esteem. Further, we identify the conditional indirect effect psychological safety has in moderating this mechanism. To minimize the common method bias, job rank and the affectivity in work situations were set as control variables. After excluding ten univariate outliers from 319 responses that were collected, a total of 309 samples were used for analysis. Our findings showed that collective leadership has a positive effect on the creative behavior of organization members, and that organization-based self-esteem played the role as partial mediator in the relationship between collective leadership and creative behavior. Also, the conditional indirect effect of psychological safety was found to be significant in the 'high' and 'very high' percentile levels, but not in the 'very low,' 'low,' and 'middle' levels. Together, the findings imply that when leaders at organizations promote members' organization-based self-esteem and creative behavior through collective leadership, it can be more effective when members feel high psychological safety in the organization.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 2013

The paper addresses the introduction of outsourcing of delivery service for the small service industries such as delivery based restaurant in order to increase the profit and revenue of the service company, upgrade the delivery satisfaction for the customers, and expand the welfare of the senior people through the work. The chinese restaurants are selected as model service companies, outsourcing of delivery services are suggested for those restaurants and simulation models are developed for all operation systems for them. Some of input data for the simulation are collected from the real world and others are refined through the interview with the field workers. 6 scenarios are established considering the number of deliverers and delivery charges and simulation experiments for each scenario have been done according to the 3 kind of situations of the service companies. The results show that introduction of outsourcing increases the revenue and profit of the service company, decreases the service time for the customers and increases the revenue of the delivery outsourcing company employing the senior people. So delivery outsourcing for the service industries can be considered as a good solution for the welfare problem of the senior people.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.581-590
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the perception of nurse's use of physical restraints. This study is a descriptive research study for 138 nurses who work at the small hospitals under 300 beds. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and factor analysis using the SPSS statistical program. The results of this study were as follows: The overall average of the nurses' perception of physical restraint was $3.91{\pm}0.54$, and the most important reason for using a physical restraint was to protect the patient from falling out of bed($4.37{\pm}0.68$). The factor analysis showed that 'behavior, psychological symptom management($3.81{\pm}0.67$)', 'maintain medical treatment($4.11{\pm}0.60$)' and 'patient safety($4.13{\pm}0.63$)'. It is necessary to understand the characteristics and factors of nurse's use of physical restraint in small and medium hospitals. Moreover, it is also required to use minimum physical restraints for patient's safeties and rights based on accurate understanding of physical restraint's use. Therefore, it is needed to provide job training for the physical restraint that is used in various situations and to develop education and intervention program to adjust in nurses' situation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 2004

Recently, much attentions are paid to the risk associated with increased uses of medium size radiation sources in medical and industrial fields. In this study, radiation risks to the worker and to the general public due to $^{99m}Tc$ generator were assessed for both normal and accident conditions. Based on the event tree technique, exposure scenarios for various situations were derived. Uncertainty analysis based on the Monte-Carlo technique was applied to the risk assessment for workers and members of the public in the vicinity of the work place. In addition, sensitivity analysis was performed on each of the five independent input parameters to identify importance of the parameters with respect to the resulting risk. Because the frequencies of normal tasks are fat higher than those of accidents, the total risk associated with normal tasks were higher than the accident risk. The annual dose due to normal tasks were $0.6mSv\;y^{-1}$ for workers and $0.014mSv\;y^{-1}$ for public, while in accident conditions $3.96mSv\;y^{-1}\;and\;0.0016mSv\;y^{-1}$, respectively. Uncertainty range of accident risk was higher by 10 times than that of normal risk. Sensitivity analysis revealed that source strength, working distance and working time were crucial factors affecting risk. This risk analysis methodology and its results will contribute to establishment of risk-informed regulation for medium and large radioactive sources.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2012

Convolution filtering methods have been widely applied to various digital signal processing fields for image blurring, sharpening, edge detection, and noise reduction, etc. According to their application purpose, the filter mask size or shape and the mask value are selected in advance, and the designed filter is applied to input image for the convolution processing. In this paper, we proposed an image processing acceleration method for the convolution processing by using two-dimensional Look-up table (LUT) and overlap-region buffering technique. First, based on the fixed convolution mask value, the multiplication operation between 8 or 10 bit pixel values of the input image and the filter mask values is performed a priori, and the results memorized in LUT are referred during the convolution process. Second, based on symmetric structural characteristics of the convolution filters, inherent duplicated operation region is analysed, and the saved operation results in one step before in the predefined memory buffer is recalled and reused in current operation step. Through this buffering, unnecessary repeated filter operation on the same regions is minimized in sequential manner. As the proposed algorithms minimize the computational amount needed for the convolution operation, they work well under the operation environments utilizing embedded systems with limited computational resources or the environments of utilizing general personnel computers. A series of experiments under various situations verifies the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed methods.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.827-836
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• 2018

In this study, we developed a PC - based motorcycle simulator based on the development technology of a virtual patrol motorcycle training system. This simulator has been developed to be applied to a variety of fields such as driving training for beginners, driver factor research, and system development such as ABS, which can be seen in advanced models. The weight of the motorcycle operated by the patrol guards is more than 400Kg. There is a lot of risk due to the nature of work without prior practice. Therefore, we implemented a study on the untilization of physical stress and temporal pressure in emergency situations. In order to get a feeling that the motorcycle simulator is operating in real-life, it is important that the mutual reliable signal transmission and operation feel between the driver and the simulator. In order to achieve this, we developed a system that can apply the sub-systems of the actual vehicle to the motorcycle simulator in order to generate the same operation feeling as the actual vehicle. Based on these results, we have developed a method of generating a feedback queue.