• 펄프종이기술
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

The energy efficiency of papermaking process becomes more significant because of various new regulation of the energy consumption and the green house gas emission. In this study, the effects of wood powder addition on the drainage and the drying efficiency of the OCC based paper products, linerboard, were deeply investigated for improving energy efficiency. The fractionation of wood powder depending on the size were conducted. The bigger size of wood powder resulted in the higher bulk and the higher drainage efficiency, but the lower paper strength. The drying efficiency were in detail evaluated depending on the drying process level. In the first section of drying process until the 80% solid level, there were no significant changes in the drying efficiency by the addition of wood powder. However, after the 80 % solid level, the drying efficiency was greatly improved by the addition of wood powder. Those results showed the addition of wood powder could greatly affect not only the drainage in forming and wet pressing but also the drying process.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2013

본 실험에서는 상압플라즈마에 의한 목분의 표면개질에 대해 조사하였다. 복합재는 목분과 폴리프로필렌을 이용하여 제작되었다(목분 : 폴리프로필렌=55wt% : 45wt%). 상압플라즈마는 carrier gas로 헬륨과 HMDSO를 모노머로 사용하였고 3 KV, $17{\pm}1$KHz, 2 g/min의 조건에서 처리하였다. 폐목분의 인장강도는 상압플라즈마 처리를 통해 18.5 MPa에서 21.2 MPa로 14.6% 증가하였고 단일수종목분의 경우에도 21.5 MPa에서 23.4 MPa로 8.8% 증가하였다. 이것으로 상압플라즈마 처리는 목분의 표면을 개질하여 폴리프로필렌과의 계면결합력을 증가시켜주는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.872-879
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• 2016

Demand of natural interior finishing material has been widely sprayed in nowadays because many weak people as children, pregnant women, and elder people are being struggled with sick house syndrome due to volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde, toluene, benzene, etc. Our research group developed a no-added formaldehyde adhesive for wood-based panels from mainly rice powder and some additives in the previous study for abating sick house syndrome. Since the rice powder adhesive provides a good source of nutrients with microorganisms, it was suspected a susceptibility of the rice powder adhesive to fungal and sapstain attack. We evaluated anti-sapstain activity of the rice powder adhesives modified by adding wood preservatives. We modified the rice powder adhesive by adding three different types of anti-sapstain preservatives at three different concentrations to assess their anti-sapstin activity. The bonding strengths of the modified rice powder adhesives were still outstanding performance on all samples. Moreover, the plywood manufactured with the modified rice powder adhesive satisfied outdoor use requirement for ordinary plywood (KS F3101, Korean Standard). The results obtained showed that at least 3% of preservative should be added to the rice powder adhesive to obtain effective anti-sapstain activity.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.99-102
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• 2005

Plasma surface coating is applied to the wood powder to improve its bonding and dispersion with the polypropylene(PP). Some mechanical test results and visual inspection indicates the good compatibility between the wood powder and the PP, and relatively good interfacial adhesion between wood powder and PP matrix was seen. Also, this method is considered as a non-toxic process as compared to other direct chemical method.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.91-94
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• 2005

Polypropylene as a matrix has been used for wood polymer composites(WPC). In preparing WPC, the coupling agent, Polypropylene grafted Maleic Anhydride(PP-G-MA) was used in order to obtain a good interfacial bonding force between matrix and fillers and dispersion of wood powders. In this study, the effects of wood powder contents and water absorption on the mechanical properties were experimentally investigated. The tensile strength and flexural strength of composites reached its peak value when the wood powder content was around 60 wt%. However, the peak value of the impact was observed about 30 wt% of wood powder content. The tensile strength and flexural strength increase with increasing the wood power contents. But the impact strength decrease with increasing the wood powder contents. The slight change was observed with the water absorption in the WPC. The optimal condition of the compositions such as Anti-oxidant and UV stabilizers for the outdoor application was suggested in this research.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.852-863
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• 2016

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is a promising and sustainable material, and refers to a combination of wood and plastic along with some binding (adhesive) materials. In comparison to pure wood material, WPCs are in general have advantages of being cost effective, high durability, moisture resistance, and microbial resistance. The properties of WPCs come directly from the concentration of different components in composite; such as wood flour concentration directly affect mechanical and physical properties of WPCs. In this study, wood powder concentration in WPC was determined by Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The reflectance spectra from WPC in both powdered and tableted form with five different concentrations of wood powder were collected and preprocessed to remove noise caused by several factors. To correlate the collected spectra with wood powder concentration, multivariate calibration method of partial least squares (PLS) was applied. During validation with an independent set of samples, good correlations with reference values were demonstrated for both FT-NIR and FT-IR data sets. In addition, high coefficient of determination (${R^2}_p$) and lower standard error of prediction (SEP) was yielded for tableted WPC than powdered WPC. The combination of FT-NIR and FT-IR spectral region was also studied. The results presented here showed that the use of both zones improved the determination accuracy for powdered WPC; however, no improvement in prediction result was achieved for tableted WPCs. The results obtained suggest that these spectroscopic techniques are a useful tool for fast and nondestructive determination of wood concentration in WPCs and have potential to replace conventional methods.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2015

본 연구는 반탄화 목분과 정수기 필터용 폐활성탄 분쇄물을 혼합한 혼합물을 연료로 사용하였을 경우의 그 연료적 특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 반탄화 목분은 국산 범용수종인 졸참나무와 소나무를 이용하여 급속으로 목재칩 열가공처리가 가능한 wood roaster를 이용하여 처리하였으며 처리조건은 $200^{\circ}C$에서 각 300 s, 450 s, 600 s를 적용하였다. 이때 폐활성탄과 반탄화 목분의 혼합비율은 중량대비(wt%) 5 : 95, 10 : 90, 15 : 85, 20 : 80, 40 : 60, 60 : 40, 80 : 20으로 하였으며, 이에 대한 연료적 특성에 평가를 위해 발열량, 원소분석, 회분함량 등을 측정하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 동일시간, 온도 등의 wood roasting 처리조건에서 소나무가 졸참나무에 비해 탄소함량이 더 높았으며, 이는 낮은 온도와 짧은 시간에 최적 탄화도를 나타냄으로 소나무가 효율적인 반탄화 작업이 가능함을 알 수 있다. 2. 반탄화 목분 및 무처리 목분의 폐활성탄 첨가율이 증가할수록 총발열량 값은 급격히 증가하였고 회분함량 또한 증가하였다. 3. 반탄화 목분과 무처리 목분에 폐활성탄을 혼합한 경우에는 두 조건 모두 첨가율에 따라 총발열량은 증가하지만 무처리 보다는 반탄화 목분 그리고 졸참나무보다는 소나무가 더 높은 총발열량을 나타냈다. 4. 폐활성탄을 목분과 함께 혼합물의 원료로 사용하기 위해서는 $800^{\circ}C$, 4시간 연소조건 이상의 고온 연소조건이 필요하다고 판단된다. 이는 $800^{\circ}C$, 4시간 연소조건에서도 완전연소가 되지 않고 회분상태로 잔류하는 함량이 매우 높기 때문이다. 5. 또한 무처리 목분과 반탄화 목분에 폐활성탄을 혼합한 조건 중 무처리 목분에 폐활성탄을 혼합하는 조건이 총발열량의 증가율이 더 높게 나타났으며, 이러한 현상은 소나무보다는 졸참나무가 더 명확하게 나타났다. 최적 회분함량의 폐활성탄 첨가비율은 소나무 무처리 목분에 총 중량대비 5% 이상, 10% 미만의 조건이며 이는 1급 펠릿에 해당되는 0.7% 미만의 기준을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.188-197
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 소목(Caesalpinia sappan L.) 분말을 활용한 모발 염색의 최적 조건을 결정하였고, 키토산 처리가 소목 분말의 모발 염색성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 소목 분말의 혼합비율, 염색시간 및 온도에 따른 염색성을 확인한 결과 소목 분말과 물의 비율을 1:3(w/w)로 하여 40℃에서 60분 동안 처리하는 것이 모발 염색에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 키토산의 분자량, 처리 농도와 처리 순서가 소목 분말의 염색성에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과 저분자량(~30 kDa)의 키토산을 1%(w/w)의 농도로 소목 분말 처리에 앞서 전처리를 하는 것이 염색성 향상 및 유지에 가장 효과적이었다. 결론적으로 모발 염색에 있어서 저분자량의 키토산은 매염제로서 소목 분말의 염색 효율과 유지력 향상에 크게 도움이 되는 것으로 판단된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2015

Wood powder is widely used in paperboard mills to increase bulk and reduce drying-energy consumption, but this material also deteriorates paper strength because it interferes with the bonds between fibers. Although there have been many studies done to improve the strength of paperboard containing wood powder, specific applications have not recently been observed in paperboard mills. In this study, we carried out a new approach for improving paperboard strength by developing a new organic filler with the ability to increase the bonds between fibers. The residue of tapioca starch was used as raw material to manufacture an organic filler. The functionalities, including bulk and strength, were evaluated by making handsheets containing either wood powder or tapioca organic filler, or a mixture of the two, and measuring their physical properties. The organic filler showed lower bulk improvement and higher paperboard strength than the wood powder. The mixture of tapioca organic filler and wood powder showed improved paperboard strength compared to wood powder alone. Therefore, tapioca residue can be used as a raw material to manufacture an organic filler for paperboard mills.

• Composites Research
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.145-148
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• 2017

프로필렌의 플라즈마 처리로 목분을 표면 개질하여 복합재 기지인 PP와 상용성을 가지게 하였다. 프로필렌을 플라즈마로 처리하여 증착된 소수성 박막 필름의 화학적 구조는 PP와 흡사하였다. 목분과 PP는 이축 압출기에 의해 펠렛으로 만들어 졌고 50 wt% wood powder/PP 복합재료는 사출 성형기에 의해 성형되었다. 인장강도와 굴곡 강도는 최고 7.59% and 12.43%까지 향상되었으며 파단면에 대한 SEM 관찰로 플라즈마 중합이 계면 접착력과 기계적 특성을 향상시킨 것을 볼 수 있었다.