• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2003

This study was carried out identify extractives of Amorpha fruticosa. In this study, one flavonoid glycoside, one ester and two rotenoids were isolated from fruits of A. fruticosa. The structures were determined as: kaempferol 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (I), methyl 3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate, II), tephrosin (III) and dalbinol (IV), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

Hemicelluloses are useful materials for papermaking and other biotechnological applications. To recover and further utilize the hemicelluloses, this study carried out the pre-extraction of the hemicelluloses from Korean mixed hardwoods chips using hot water and sodium hydroxide solution at various temperature and time conditions. Through the hot water pre-extraction, the wood components of 22% was extracted and the 35% of the hemicelluloses which were contained in the original wood chips were dissolved into the pre-extractives. The yield of the pre-extractives was more significantly influenced by the pre-extraction temperature than the time. The pre-extractives with the yield of 30% could be obtained by alkali pre-extraction and alkali concentration was the most important factor. It had lower hemicellulose content but high molecular weight, compared with the hot water pre-extractives.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2003

항산화활성이 우수한 주목 심재 에탄올 추출물로부터 Sephadex LH-20, centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), silica gel column chromatography 등을 이용하여 5종의 화합물을 단리하였으며, NMR, Mass spectrometry 등의 기기분석 결과 taxane 화합물인 taxusin를 비롯하여 lignan인 isolariciresinol (4, 4', 9, 9'-tetrahydroxy-3', 5-dimethoxy-2, 7'-cyclolignan), lariciresinol (4, 4', 9-trihydroxy-3, 3'-dimethoxy-7, 9'-epoxylignan), taxiresinol (3, 4, 4', 9-tetrahydroxy-3'-methoxy-7, 9'-epoxylignan) 및 isotaxiresinol (3', 4, 4', 9, 9'-pentahydroxy-5-methoxy-2, 7'-cyclolignan)을 각각 동정하였다. 이들 단리된 화합물의 프리라디칼 소거능을 측정하여 항산화활성을 검정한 결과 taxusin을 제외한 3종의 lignan 화합물인 isolariciresinol, lariciresinol, isotaxiresinol 모두 천연항산화제 및 합성항산화제보다 높은 라디칼 소거능을 나타내어 항산화활성이 우수한 것으로 판명되었다. 이상의 결과 주목의 심재 에탄올 조추출물의 높은 항산화활성은 이들 성분에 기인하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1996

The Bark lignin(alkali- and acid lignin), bark extractives(hot water-and $Na_2SO_3$ extractives) of Quercus acutissima and Pinus densiflora, and flavonoids were used to detect heavy metal adsorption. The adsorption ratio of heavy metals by lignin was assigned for 40 to 50%, but was not dependent on lignin kinds. However, in case of the addition of light metals such as $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ to lignin the adsorption ratio was increased by 20 to 40%, and $Pb^{++}$ was almost completely adsorbed. On hot water extractives, the adsorption ratio was very low because the substrate was water-soluble, so the substrate should be water-insoluble to adsorb the heavy metals. However, the adsorption ratios of $Cd^{++}$ and $Pb^{++}$ on $Na_2SO_3$ extractives were significantly increased, while those of $Zn^{++}$ and $Cu^{++}$, were similar to lignin. When four kinds of heavy metals were treated to $Na_2SO_3$ extractives together, more than 97% of $Pb^{++}$ and $Cu^{++}$ was adsorbed_ and $Zn^{++}$ was more adsorbed by 40%, and $Cd^{++}$ was not changed, comparing with the case that on kind of heavy metal was treated. There were differences between adsorption ratio of the kinds of flavonoids and heavy metals, and the adsorption ratio of heavy metals was assigned to 20 to 45% per 0.1g flavonoid.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2000

아까시나무의 목질부와 현사시나무, 물푸레나무 및 느릅나무의 수피를 채취하여 아세톤-물의 혼합용액으로 추출한 후 hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate 및 물 분획으로 분류하고 동결건조하며 생리활성 시험용 추출분말을 조제하였다. 각 수종의 목질부에서 채취된 목재 블록에 대하여 수행된 내후성 시험은 아까시나무가 가장 우수하였으며 현사시나무가 가장 낮은 내후성을 나타내었다. 목질부 또는 수피부 추출물에 대한 항진균, 항세균 및 항산화 활성 시험이 수행되었으며 항진균 및 항세균에 대한 활성 시험에서는 모든 분획에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 항산화 활성 시험은 천연 항산화제인 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol과 합성 항산화제인 BHT를 표준물질로 사용하여 추출물 분획의 항산화 활성과 비교하였다. 이 시험에서 물푸레나무의 ethylacetate 분획이 BHT를 제외하고 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었으며 아까시나무는 모든 분획이 다른 수종보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다.

• 임산에너지
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• 24권2호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2005

삼지구엽초의 각 부분(잎, 줄기, 뿌리)을 MeOH로 추출한 후 농축하고 핵산, 클로로포름, 부탄올, 에틸아세테이트 및 수용성으로 분획하여 동결건조하였다. 각 추출물은 메탄을 수용액 및 에탄올-핵산 혼합액을 사용하여 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼크로마토그래피로 화합물을 분리 한 후 TBA 및 6% 초산에 전개하는 셀룰로오스 박층 크로마토그래피로 단리물질을 확인하였다. 단리물질의 화학적 구조는 $^1H-NMR,\;^{13}C-NMR$ 및 질량 분석으로 결정하였으며 단일화합물로 정제된 물질은 caffeic acid를 비롯하여 flavonoid와 그 배당체 화합물인 icariin, caffeic acid, hyperoside, Ikarisoside A, (+)-catechin이었다. 또한, 각 부분의 클로로포름 분획을 GC/MS (Libraries search)를 이용하여 정성분석을 실시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.52-61
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• 2000

아까시나무와 현사시나무를 채취, 건조하고 아세톤-물의 혼합용액으로 추출한 후 hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate 및 물 분획으로 분류하고 동결건조하여 갈색 분말로 조제하였다. 각각의 분획은 메탄올-물 및 에탄올-헥산의 혼합용액으로 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼상에서 크로마토그래피를 수행하였다. 아까시나무의 목질부 추출성분은 (+)-leucorobinetinidin과 같은 flavan 화합물과 robtin, dihydrorobinetin 및 robinetin 등의 flavanonol 화합물을 포함하며 현사시나무의 수피 추출성분은 (+)-catechin과 naringenin, eriodictyol, sakuranetin, aromadendrin 및 taxifolin 등의 후라보노이드 화합물, 그리고 살리신 유도체인 salireposide 및 소량의 aesculin과 쿠마린산 등 다양한 종류의 페놀성 화합물로 구성되어 있었으며 aesculin은 현사시나무의 수피 조성분에서는 아직 우리 나라에서 보고되지 않았다. 단리된 페놀성 성분의 구조 분석을 위하여 NMR 및 FAB-MS 분석을 수행하였다.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC
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• pp.204-208
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• 1999

Friction was measured on filter paper sheets impregnated with model compounds representing wood extractives using an apparatus based on the horizontal plane principle. The best lubrication of paper surfaces was achieved when they were completely separated by a densely packed film of saturated long-chain amphophilic molecules, such as fatty acids. The fatty acids adsorbed with their polar ends on the paper surface, causing their hydrocarbon chaine to be orientated perpendicularly to the paper surface. The saturated C18-acid, stearic acid, was an efficient lubricator for paper surfaces. The introduction of a double bond in stearic acid eliminated its lubricating ability. The spatial length of the lubricating fatty acid thereby decreases from 24${\AA}$ to 11${\AA}$. However the transisomer of oleic acid, elidic acid, had the ability to lower friction due to an increased spatial length of the fatty acid. Both the spatial length of the hydrocarbon chain and the number of lubricating chains may be of importance for the paper-to-paper friction caused by wood extractives. A hydrophilic head-graup in the wood extractive and an ordered molecular layer of lubricating molecules seems also to be prerequisites for efficient lubrication. A chemical weak boundary layer between the paper sheets was suggested to cause the low friction when long chain saturated fatty acids were deposited on paper.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the wood properties for efficient utilization of warm temperate tree species. The tested species were Actinodaphne lancifolia Meisn. grown in Korea. Fundamental wood properties such as anatomical, physical and mechanical properties and chemical components were examined. This species was diffuse porous, straight grained and fine textured wood. The heartwoods of this species was not distinguished clearly to the sapwoods. This species had moderate specific gravity, shrinkage, and mechanical properties. And this species had high content of the extractives by organic solvent.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.28-33
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• 1994

The chemical compositions of pine bark from mechanical pulp industry were determined, and effect of Ca base acid sulfite on bark cooking was investigated under various conditions. The pine bark was composed of 39.5 % alkali extractives, 50.3 % lignin, and a small amount of carbohydrate. The contents of alkali extractives and lignin were remarkably higher than those of pine wood. The bark was composed of high content of arabinose and xylose, while the wood was composed of high content of mannose. When pine bark was cooked with 75 % free acid at 145 $^{\circ}C$, the rate of cooking and delignification was improved with the increase of total acid, but it was very difficult to delignify the bark by 50 % and over under these conditions. In the presence of 60~65 % free acid and at 155~165 $^{\circ}C$, initial cooking rate, delignification, and delignification selectivity were considerably increased, but condensation reaction of lignin was considerable at the end of cooking. Therefore, it was shown that pine bark was very difficult to delignify by the Ca-base acid sulfite cooking.