• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.832-838
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and sensory properties of different almond gruels according to the concentration and pretreatment of the almonds. For the physicochemical parameters, pH, sweetness and viscosity decreased with an increasing almond content, while spreadability, lightness, redness, and yellowness increased. In addition, pH, sweetness, spreadability and viscosity decreased by using baked almonds. Also the L(lightness) and a(redness) color values increased by using baked almonds, whereas the b-value (yellowness) decreased. In the sensory evaluation flavor and nutty taste were significantly different(p<.001) among the samples. The overall preference scores also showed significant differences(p<.001) between the different concentrations of almond. The almond gruels containing 40%, 60%, and 80% almond showed higher preferences than the 0 and 20% concentrations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.1013-1021
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• 2016

This study developed probabilistic models to predict Salmonella growth in processed meat products formulated with varying concentrations of NaCl and $NaNO_2$. A five-strain mixture of Salmonella was inoculated in nutrient broth supplemented with NaCl (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.25%, and 1.75%) and $NaNO_2$ (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 ppm). The inoculated samples were then incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at $4^{\circ}C$, $7^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $12^{\circ}C$, and $15^{\circ}C$ for up to 60 days. Growth (assigned the value of 1) or no growth (assigned the value of 0) for each combination was evaluated by turbidity. These growth response data were analyzed with a logistic regression to evaluate the effect of NaCl and $NaNO_2$ on Salmonella growth. The results from the developed model were compared to the observed data obtained from the frankfurters to evaluate the performance of the model. Results from the developed model showed that a single application of $NaNO_2$ at low concentrations did not inhibit Salmonella growth, whereas NaCl significantly (p<0.05) inhibited Salmonella growth at $10^{\circ}C$, $12^{\circ}C$, and $15^{\circ}C$, regardless of the presence of oxygen. At $4^{\circ}C$ and $7^{\circ}C$, Salmonella growth was not observed in either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. When $NaNO_2$ was combined with NaCl, the probability of Salmonella growth decreased. The validation value confirmed that the performance of the developed model was appropriate. This study indicates that the developed probabilistic models should be useful for describing the combinational effect of $NaNO_2$ and NaCl on inhibiting Salmonella growth in processed meat products.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.594-605
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to collect fundamental data for adult female health improvement based on urban adult female obesity and cardiopulmonary function. Surveyed were 859 adult females who visited a health improvement center in D district in Seoul between April, 1999, and December, 1999, and the resulting data are as follows: 1. The adult female mean BMI was $23.97{\pm}3.11kgm^2$, which comes within the range of overweight. Among them, BMI of the females aged 41-60, and over 60, were significantly higher. Mean percentage of body fat was $32.07{\pm}4.63$, and it significantly increased in accordance with age, recording the highest among those aged over 60. 2. The systolic blood pressure significantly increased in accordance with age, recording highest among those aged over 60. Those aged 41-60 and over 60 showed significantly higher diastolic blood pressure than those in their 20s and 30s; however, they had a significantly lower heart rate. Vital capacity and maximum oxygen intake significantly decreased in accordance with age, and those aged over 60 were lowest. 3. As to health perception, 20.6% of the subjects perceived themselves as healthy, and those who perceived themselves as unhealthy showed significantly higher BMI than those who perceived themselves to be of moderate health. 4. There were no significant differences in blood pressure, heart rate and maximum oxygen intake in accordance with health perception, but those who perceived themselves as healthy showed significantly higher vital capacity than those who didn't. 5. As to cardiopulmonary function in accordance with obesity, the obese group showed significantly higher systolic blood pressure than those whose weight was normal to overweight. The diastolic blood pressure of the normal weight group was the lowest, while the obese group showed significantly lower vital capacity and maximum oxygen intake. These findings indicate that the womens' health promotion program must include an effective strategy for preventing obesity, and strengthening cardiopulmonary function.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.76-90
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to classify women's face types and to analyze the measurement of face types. For study, 180 adult women(aged between 20 and 29) in Pusan and Ulsan area was sampled to be measured for facial types. Data were analyzed by Frequencies, Means, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, Distinction analysis. The major results were as followed. Women's face types were classified by 6 types and there were round shape(29.4%), oblong shape(18.9%), inverted triangle shape(16.1%), square shape(13.9%), egg shape(11.7%), diamond shape(10.0%) in the subject. Phyiognomic facial height was 182.38mm, the upper face length was 59.82mm, the middle face length 60.82mm, the lower face length 61.76mm, and the index of face length to face breadth was 1.35. The face width was 134.90mm, interocular distance 34.75mm, the nose width 33.93mm, and mouth width was 43.87mm. And also, differences from those measurements like forehead breadth, face length/bizygion breadth, forehead slopper, bigonion breadth, bignathion breadth, bignathion slopper.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.451-463
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the drinking, stress, and sleep on depression of Korean obese women. Methods: The data of this study were derived from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-3), conducted from January to December 2015 by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The study subjects were 935 adult women between 20 and 70 years old (Body Mass Index${\geq}25$). The data were analyzed by the complex sampling design method applying the weights to the IBM SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The study result showed that the frequency of binge drinking, stress perception, sleeping time and depression of Korean obese women showed significant differences according to age group. In the 20-30's, the stress and sleeping time, the 40-50's were drinking at once, the frequency of drinking and stress, and the drinking and stress at 60-70's were significantly associated with an increased risk of depression in obese women. Conclusion: The intervention program for the management of depression in Korean obese women should include the strategies for managing stress and drinking, taking into account differences according to age.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2020

Purpose: Infertile women experience various physical, psychological, and relational problems that affect their infertility-related quality of life (QoL). This study investigated infertile women's infertility-related QoL with the goal of identifying how it is influenced by fatigue, depression, and marital intimacy. Methods: A sample of 140 infertile women was surveyed in a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from February to April 2018 using self-report structured questionnaires at three infertility clinics located in Jeonju, Korea. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows version 25.0. The subjects agreed to complete a face-to-face interview, including administration of the Fatigue Severity Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, Marital Intimacy Scale, and the Fertility Quality of Life tool. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.6±4.3 years. Infertility-related QoL was negatively correlated with fatigue (r=-.42, p<.001) and depression (r=-.56, p<.001), and positively correlated with marital intimacy (r=.30, p<.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that depression (β=-0.44, p<.001), fatigue (β=-0.27, p<.001), and husband's attitude (β=-0.19, p=.007) had significant effects on the QoL of infertile women, accounting for 40.5% of the variance in infertility-related QoL. Conclusion: The study provides insights into how infertile women's infertility-related QoL was influenced by depression, fatigue, and their husbands' attitudes regarding infertility treatment. To improve infertile women's infertility-related QoL, healthcare providers should consider developing strategies to decrease depression and fatigue in infertile women and to address their husbands' attitudes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2012

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.606-608
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• 2023

최근 들어 극심한 가뭄이 지속됨에 따라 댐을 통한 물 수급에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 가뭄 상황에서 댐 자체 방류량 조절을 통해 낭비되고 있는 물을 절약하기 위한 기법을 제안한다. DQN 알고리즘을 사용해 방류량을 최적화하여 목표 저수량 이상의 상태를 60일간 유지하도록 설계하였으며, 해당 알고리즘 내 방류량의 가중치를 변경한 결과를 비교하여 그 성능을 분석하였다.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1242-1253
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to suggest a designing method with excellent body suitability by analyzing clothingwearing porosity, comparing and analyzing patterns, and evaluating outer appearances by designing a prototype of study applied with design measurements for categories that have influence on the outer appearance of clothing through diverse research methods, by comparing and analyzing bunka and new bunka style basic pattern, which are proportional basic patterns most frequently used in schools for educational use to design bodice pattern for elderly women in their late 60s. As for the process of this study, the first stage selected study subjects, measured bodies. The second stage compared patterns of bunka and new bunka style basic pattern and evaluated outer appearances that deduced important pattern designing categories to design upper-torso bodice pattern of elderly women. The results of this study are as following ; As a result of comparing and analyzing bunka and new bunka style basic pattern, overall evaluation of outer appearance was excellent for new bunka style basic pattern, and bunka basic pattern received better reviews for the width and depth of front neck. In terms of waist circumference, waist front length, bust point location and bust point-bust point, bunka and new bunka style basic patterns showed a significant difference. new bunka style basic pattern had 4.5cm larger front armhole depth than bunka basic pattern, so it was evaluated to have more appropriate front armhole length, bust point location, and bust point-bust point. Through observation for primary excellent categories and precedent studies, 7 categories of front neck width, front neck depth, front interscye, back neck width, back neck depth, back interscye, and back armhole depth were deduced to have relations to the extra room around arm holes and waist that affect pattern designing method and porosity and evaluations of outer appearance.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.669-674
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• 2008

Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Zanthoxylum piperitum A.P. DC. belong to the Rutaceae family and are perennial, aromatic, and medicinal herbaceous plants. In this study, their aroma compounds were isolated by steam distillation extraction using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and then further analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yields of the essential oils from Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum AP. DC. were 2.5 and 2.0%(w/w), respectively, and the color of their oils was quite similar, a pale yellow. From the distilled oil of Z. schinifolium, 60 volatile compounds which make up 87.24% of the total composition were tentatively identified, with monoterpenes predominating. $\beta$-Phellandrene (22.54%), citronellal (16.48%), and geranyl acetate (11.39%) were the predominantly abundant components of Z. schinifolium. In the essential oil of Z. piperitum AP. DC., 60 volatile flavor components constituted 94.78% of the total peak area were tentatively characterized. Limonene (18.04%), geranyl acetate (15.33%), and cryptone (8.52%) were the major volatile flavor compounds of Z. piperitum A.P. DC.