• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.139-156
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to provide a method to support customized weather and environmental information services for the successful operation of winter sporting events. First, individual in-depth interviews and surveys were conducted with athletes, coaching staffs and experts related to the competition for 10 different winter sports for analysis of their needs. We conducted face-to-face survey and survey considering the training schedule and situation of experts. The recorded voice file was converted into word text, and extracted the weather and environmental information elements embedded in the opinions of the research participants based on literature reviews and data. The findings are expected to provide basic data on the weather conditions required to support specialized weather information for future large winter sports events, including the PyeongChang Winter Olympics.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.141-148
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• 2012

PURPOSES : This study demonstrates the need for the collection of road weather information in order to perform efficient snow removal works during the winter season. Snow removal operations are usually dependent upon weather information obtained from the Automatic Weather Station provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration. However, there are some difference between road weather and weather forecasts in their scope. This is because general weather forecasts are focused on macroscopic standpoints rather than microscopic perspectives. METHODS : In this study, the relationship between snow removal works and historical weather forecasts are properly analyzed to prove the importance of road weather information. We collected both weather data and snow removal works during winter season at "A" regional offices in Gangwon areas. RESULTS : Results showed that the validation of weather forecasts for snow removal works were depended on the height difference between AWS location and its neighboring roadway. CONCLUSIONS : Namely, it appears that road weather information should be collected where AWS location and its neighboring roadway have relatively big difference in their heights.

• Atmosphere
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.351-358
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• 2006

The structure of frontal thunderstorm in winter time is different from that of in summer time over the Korean peninsula, due to dry tongue and upward motion. The dry tongue, that is propagation of dry zone from upper level to lower level, was formed after front passage and the upward motion is intensified by the strengthened low level jet. Since this mechanism makes the structure more unstable, thunderstorm occurs at relatively low cloud top height. This study suggests a forecast guidance of winter time frontal thunderstorm that thunderstorms develop when one of the following conditions are satisfied: 1) total totals (TT) >40, 2) K index >-10, 3) mixing ratio ${\geq}$ 3.5 g/kg.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.41-54
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of solar thermal system according to regional weather conditions and feedwater temperature. The performance analysis of the system was carried out for the annual and winter periods in terms of solar fraction, collector efficiency and it's optimal degree. The system is simulated using TRNSYS program for 6 cities, Seoul, Incheon, Gangneung, Mokpo, Gwangju, and Ulsan. Simulation results prove that the solar fraction of the system varies greatly from region to region, depending on weather conditions and feedwater temperatures. Monthly average solar fraction for winter season from November to February, a time when heat energy is most required, indicated that the highest is 73.6% in Gangnueng and the lowest is 56.9% in Seoul. This is about 30% relative difference between the two cities. On the other hand, the collector efficiency of the system for all six cities was analyzed in the range between 40% and 42%, indicating small difference compare to the solar fraction. The annual average solar fraction is rated the highest at 40 collector degree, while monthly average solar fraction during winter season is rated at 60 degree.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.107-144
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• 1987

In cold season, ice accretion on ship, drift ice, NW winter monsoon, developed extratropical cyclones and associated cold fronts, in warm season, tropical cyclones and dense sea fogs, are encountered very frequently in the North Pacific, especially in the northwest part of it. The two areas, namely, the northwest part of the North Pacific and Burmuda Triangle in the North Atlantic are generally known as most dangerous areas in the world because its high incidence of sea cascualities. In recent years, the small fisherboats operating in the northern seas were frequently sunk in a group as they encountered ice accretion or drift ice. And ocean going vessels were also sunk frequently due to strong winds and very high seas in winter monsoon or developed cyclones and cold fronts. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the real state of heavy weather conditions such as ice accretion on ship drift, ice, typhoons and sea fogs, and also to analyse the effect of these heavy weather phenomena on the vessels at sea, thus helping mariners operate in such heavy weather conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.853-864
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• 2016

Meteo-tsunamis are tsunamis that are typically caused by strong atmospheric instability (e.g., pressure jumps) in low pressure systems, but some meteo-tsunamis in winter can be caused by local atmospheric instability in high pressure systems (e.g., the Siberian High). In this study, we investigated a meteo-tsunami event related to a high pressure system that occurred during winter on the Yellow Sea in 2005. Sea level data from tidal stations were analyed with a high-pass filter, and we also performed synoptic weather analyses by using various synoptic weather data (e.g., surface weather charts) collected during the winter season(DJF) of 2005. A numerical weather model (WRF) was used to analyze the atmospheric instability on the day of the selected event (21 Dec. 2005). On the basis of the results, we suggest that the meteo-tsunami triggered by the high pressure system occurred because of dynamic atmospheric instability induced by the expansion and contraction of the Siberian High.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.329-339
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• 2022

Better understanding the mechanism of black ice occurrence on the road in winter is necessary to reduce the socio-economic damage it causes. In this study, intensive observations of road weather elements and surface information under the influence of synoptic high-pressure patterns (22^nd December, 2020 and 29^th January, and 25^th February, 2021) were carried out using a mobile observation vehicle. We found that temperature and road surface temperature change is significantly influenced by observation time, altitude and structure of the road, surrounding terrain, and traffic volume, especially in tunnels and bridges. In addition, even if the spatial distribution of temperature and road surface temperature for the entire observation route is similar, there is a difference between air and road surface temperatures due to the influence of current weather conditions. The observed road temperature, air temperature and air pressure in Nongong Bridge were significantly different to other fixed road weather observation points.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.192-193
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• 2021

Recently, the need to strengthen the Air Environment Conservation Act and secure alternative heat sources during the winter by carbon neutrality policies has been raised. Accordingly, winter construction, which has safety and quality measures, is emerging as an essential factor. It is believed that eco-friendly tropical type electric hot air heaters will be able to solve most of the problems of winter construction at construction sites, especially prevention of suffocation and fire accidents. In addition, as a result of on-site performance verification, it has secured more than the same performance as the existing curing method, and the curing technology can create an eco-friendly and pleasant working environment while considering safety and construction.

• Atmosphere
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.385-398
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• 2017

Numerical weather prediction experiments were carried out by applying topographic effects to reduce or enhance the solar radiation by terrain. In this study, x and ${\kappa}({\phi}_o,\;{\theta}_o)$ are precalculated for topographic effect on high resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) with 1 km spatial resolution, and meteorological variables are analyzed through the numerical experiments. For the numerical simulations, cases were selected in winter (CASE 1) and summer (CASE 2). In the CASE 2, topographic effect was observed on the southward surface to enhance the solar energy reaching the surface, and enhance surface temperature and temperature at 2 m. Especially, the surface temperature is changed sensitively due to the change of the solar energy on the surface, but the change of the precipitation is difficult to match of topographic effect. As a result of the verification using Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Automated Weather System (AWS) data on Seoul metropolitan area, the topographic effect is very weak in the winter case. In the CASE 1, the improvement of accuracy was numerically confirmed by decreasing the bias and RMSE (Root mean square error) of temperature at 2 m, wind speed at 10 m and relative humidity. However, the accuracy of rainfall prediction (Threat score (TS), BIAS, equitable threat score (ETS)) with topographic effect is decreased compared to without topographic effect. It is analyzed that the topographic effect improves the solar radiation on surface and affect the enhancements of surface temperature, 2 meter temperature, wind speed, and PBL height.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2000

On the 25th of November in 1997 winter season, unprecedented high waves were recorded at the southern part of Korea Peninsular. The significant wave heights over 4 m were recorded at Marado, Pusan and Ulrungdo successively with time lags. Seoguipo breakwaters which were under construction were damaged by the unexpected high waves. These unprecedented southerly high waves in winter seem to be caused by unusual development and traveling of low pressure. Weather charts and wave fields calculated by a numerical model were analyzed to examine the unusual development of these waves. Protection against the southerly high waves in winter must be considered in coastal constructions and structures.