• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.276-280
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• 2005

Low temperature is one of the most severe abiotic stress factors limiting growth, productivity and distribution of winter cereals. Reliable field screening method, which can detect small differences in winter survival, is important for the effective selection and development of plants to identity superior cold tolerant winter cereal genotypes. This study was undertaken to provide improved screening method of winter hardiness in the field by increasing the accuracy in evaluating winter hardiness of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We introduced furrow in field screening of winter survival. By sowing the plants at the ridge and base, we could minimize the effect of topographic variation in a field by giving higher and lower level of stress at the same time. This method could be used by breeders to conduct accurate evaluation of winter hardiness by selecting the better treatment, which shows close to normal distribution, among the winter survival rate from the ridge, base and mean survival rate of the two in a screening field.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 1995

파종시기는 작물의 월동율에 가장 중요한 영향을 미치는데, 본 실험은 케놀라의 파종시기에 따른 내동성의 증가형태 및 이러한 내동성이 궁극적으로 월동율에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 여섯 가지의 케놀라 품종을 8워 25일, 9월 10일과 9월 25일의 세 파종시기로 구분하여 포장에 파종하였으며, 파종 후 15일 간격으로 11월 중순까지 잎 표본을 채취하여 실험실에서 elec-troleakage test 법에 의하여 내동성을 측정하였으며, 월동율은 포장상태에서 가을과 봄에 걸쳐 살아있는 개체수를 세어서 산정하였는 바 그 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 내동성이 증가하는 형태는 파종시기에 따른 양태를 보였는데, 일찍 파종할수록 생육기 전반에 있어서 내동성의 증가가 일어나지 않는 반면 일찍 파종한 구에서는 꾸준한 증가세를 유지하였는데 이는 식물체의 생장정도에 따라 저온에 반응하여 내동성을 증가시키는 능력에 차이가 있는 것에 기인된다고 생각된다. 2. 세 파종시기에 있어서 공히 내동성의 급격한 증가를 보이는 기간은 기온이 케놀라의 저온적응에 알맞은 2∼5일 때임을 미루어 볼 때 식물체의 저온적응에 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 환경요인 중 저온의 중요성을 시사한다고 하겠다. 3. 내동성과 월동율은 긴밀한 상관관계를 보였으며, 이는 내동성이 월동율을 결정하는데 있어서 가장 중요한 요인의 하나이며 이러한 실내에서의 내동성측정이 월동율 향상을 위한 육종도구로 쓰일 수 있는 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 1998

One of the most attractive short-term possibilities for increasing freezing tolerance of winter crops may be the application of chemicals. This research was conducted to determine the effect of two plant growth regulators. Terpal-C and Cerone on freezing tolerance and winter survival of canola. Three cultivars were planted on the michigan state University Agronimy Farm at East Lansing. MI. on Sept. 10. 1992 and 1993 Chemicals were applied to one-month-old plants when they reached the 5 leaf stage. Ion leakage tests for freezing tolerance were conducted before and after chemical treatment. Winter survival was evaluated by counting the plant standing in the fall and spring. Neither of the chemicals. Terpal-C. inhibited natural cold hardening.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.156-161
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• 2023

This study was conducted to determine the appropriate seeding dates by verifying the difference in winter survival and productivity of alfalfa according to fall sowing dates in the central area of South Korea. The experiment was conducted for 2 years (2020 and 2021) at the field in the Department of Animal Resources Development, NIAS located in Cheonan. Sowing dates started from September 18 to November 8 with 10 days of intervals during 2020 and 2021; SO1 (September 18), SO2 (September 28), SO3 (October 8), SO4 (October 18), SO5 (October 28), and SO6 (November 8). After sowing, the winter survival rate was measured in the spring of the following year, and the dry matter yield was measured by harvesting at 10% flowering and harvesting five times a year. SO6 failed to winter survival, and SO5 also had a lower winter survival rate than SO1~4 (p<0.05). The average annual dry matter yield of alfalfa linearly decreased with delaying sowing dates (p<0.05). The feed value did not differ in the same year by delaying the sowing date in the same year. These results suggest that sowing date should be started before October 18 to increase winter survival and productivity of alfalfa in the central area of South Korea.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 1991

This experiment was conducted to determine optimal sowing date and method of Italian ryegrass(Lo1iuwr wzultiflorum. Tetrone) in paddy of Gyeong Nam area. Treatments given were four sowing dates(Sep. 30, Oct. 10, Oct. 20 and Oct. 30) and four sowing methods (broadcasting on tillage ridging, broadcasting on zerotillage ridging, boundless broadcasting and alternated drilling). The characteristics of growth, winter survival, yield(fresh and dry matter) and nutr~ent quality were observed. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Winter survival and yield components such as plant height, and number of stem were the highest due to higher survival tillers at the sown time of Sep. 30(p<. 05). 2. Plants sown on Sep. 30 showed the highest fresh and dry matter yield. Yield was decreased as delaying the date of sowing. Fresh and dry matter yield sown on Oct. 10, were obtained 7600 and 1100 kg, respectively, aftenvardly sign~ficantly decreased(p< .05). 3. Effect of sowing time and method on chemical composition were not recognized. 4. Winter surviva: sown on boundless-broadcasting was lower(p<. 05) than those of sown on broadcasting on ridging and alternated-drilling. 5. Fresh and dry matter y~elds were the highest when sown on broadcasting on tillage ridging but that of sown on houndless-broadcasting was relatively low. 6. The growth and forage yield were enhanced by sowing up to Oct. 10 and by sown on broadcasting on ridging (tillage or zerotillage).

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.226-226
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• 2017

This study was to evaluate methods to high quality food ramie rice cake, thereby increasing farm income. This study investigated the effects of different covering material on stable winter survival management with edible leaf in Ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.). The method of winter survival with covering material were conducted under three condition compose to Non covering, Rice straw cutting covered with 500kg.10a-1, Rice husks covered with 1,000kg.10a-1(covered 4~5 cm thickness in the soil surface). Method of application were standard application(N-P-K-Compost applied at 27-9-27-600kg.10a-1. Compost and fused phosphate applied at 100% of basal fertilizer in March 25. 20% of top dressing were four times application in March 25 - October 5. Planting year were March 15, 2011. Plants were spaced 60 cm apart in rows 25 cm apart with open cultivation. According to non covering < Rice husks covered with 1,000kg.10a-1 < Rice straw cutting covered with 500kg.10a-1 cultivation this order, aerial part as a result were plenty amount of growth. Sprout time and winter survival rates was uncovering control plot compared to 2 - 5 days quickly, 45-57% highly by rice husks and rice straw covering. Green leaf yields is untreated control plot (12,44 kg.10a-1) compared to rice husks covering 7% higher, and rice straw covering increased to 18% of the most.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2015

본 연구는 2014 / 2015년 동계 사료작물의 월동 후 생육조사를 통하여 전국적인 작황을 파악함으로서 사료작물 생육에 문제점이 있을시 근본 원인을 구명할 수 있는 기초자료로 이용하거나 조사료의 연중 안정 생산, 공급에 도움을 주고자 수행하였다. 2015년도 전국 동계 사료작물의 월동 후 생육 상황은 전반적으로 저조하였는데, 월동률 분포에 따른 지역별 분포 상황을 살펴보면 월동률 80% 이상인 지역이 66%, 월동률 79~50% 분포지역이 24.9%, 50%미만 지역이 9.1%의 지역별 분포를 나타내어 전체적으로는 79%의 월동률을 나타냈다. 월동 후 월동률 및 피복률은 배수로가 설치된 논에서는 각각 83%와 80%로서 양호했으나 배수로가 설치 안 된 습한 논에서는 각각 67%와 66%로 낮은 경향을 나타냈다. 전국 동계작물 조사료 생산량은 강원, 충북, 충남, 경남, 전남지역은 10~15%, 경기, 경북, 전북지역은 약 30%의 수량감소가 예상되어 전국적으로 약 19%의 수량 감소가 예상되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1763-1766
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• 2014

Background: The influence of season of diagnosis on cancer survival has been an interesting issue for many years. Most studies have shown a possible association between seasonality and survival in some cancers. We aimed to investigate whether there is an association between season of diagnosis and survival in patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the files of 279 histologically proven gastric cancer patients. According to diagnosis date, the patients were grouped into 4 seasons of diagnosis groups, spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Results: There was no significant differences when the overall survival rates of the patients were compared according to the patients' season of diagnosis (p: 0.871). Median overall survival rates were 22.0 (14.5-29.5) months for the patients who were diagnosed in spring, 24.0 (12.4-35.6) for summer, 18.0 (9.96-26.0) for autumn and 21.0 (16.3-25.7) for winter. Median disease-free survival rates were 66.0 (44.1-68.1) months for the patients who were diagnosed in spring, 28.0 (17.0-39.0) for summer, 22.0 (0-46.4) for autumn and 23.0 (17.5-28.5) for winter. While the rate was best for the patients diagnosed in spring the differences were not statistically significant (p= 0.382). Conclusions: On the basis of the above results the season was not suggested as contributing to prognosis in gastric cancer cases in Kayseri, Turkey.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.231-237
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• 1995

The objective of this study is to obtain the basic data for investigating the effects of organic reserves on winter survival or regrowth yield. Forage rape (Brassica napus L.) was sown by three seeding densities of 5, 15 and 25cm interval among plants on Sep. 1, 1994. Field-grown plants were sampled on the before wintering (Dec. 4) and on the wintering period (Jan. 16) to analyze the nitrogen and non-structural cahohydrate reserves. The rate of winter survival and regrowth yield were also measured in the spring of next year. The dry matter yields from the plots of 5, 15 and 25cm seeding interval were 1,270, 1.01 9 and 1,062 kg/lOa respectively, on the before wintering. The similar pattern wa5 observed in the crude protein yields affected by seeding density. On the before wintering, both of nitrogen and starch contents per plant significantly increased as the seeding density was lowered. Starch content was relatively higher than that of nitrogen in all plots. On the wintering period, the contents of nitrogen reserves were 6.5, 41.2 and 121.7 mglplant, those of starch reserves were 1.0, 5.4 and 185.1 mg/plant, respectively, in the plots of 5, 15 and 25cm seeding interval. Nitrogen reserves on the wintering period increased while starch reserves highly decreased in all plots comparing to the before wintering. 'lhe rates of winter survival were 10.2, 20.6 and 37.1%, and regrowth yields were 76, 96 and 178 kgD.M/ IOa, respectively, in the plots of 5, 15 and 25cm seeding interval. These results cleariy showed that seeding density have a close influence on the level of nitrogen and non-structurd cahohydrate reserves, and that the rate of winter survival and regrowth yield were controlled by reserves level on the wintering period.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.238-244
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• 1995

The objective of this study is to obtain the basic data for investigating the effects of organic reserves on winter survial or regrowth yield. Forage rape(Brassica napus L.) was sown on Sep. 1, 1994. Experimental plots were divided into three replicates under 6 different cutting dates(l0 days interval from Oct. 15 to Dec. 4). Field-grown palnts were sampled on the each cutting date and on the wintering period (Jan. 16) to analyze the nitrogen and non-structural cahohydrate reserves. The rate of winter survival and regrowth yield were also measured in the spring of next year. On the before wintering, dry matter yields were 152, 274, 500, 718, 776 and 981 kg/lOa, respectively, from the cutting date on Oct. 15, Oct. 25, Nov. 4, Nov. 14, Nov. 24, and Dec. 4. Cmde protein yield significantly increased as cutting date was later until Nov. 14, thereafter a significant increase did not occured. Nitrogen and starch contents per plant significnatly increased as the cutting date was later. The increasing rate of starch was greatly higher than that of nitrogen. On the wintering period, nitrogen reserves in mts were 85.3, 68.8, 47.6, 28.3, 44.3, and 55.3 mglplant, and starch reserve were 11 1.3, 75.3, 39.3, 19.6, 26.4 and 34.6 mglplant, respectively, in the plots cut on Oct. 15, Oct. 25, Nov. 4, Nov. 14, Nov. 24, and Dec. 4. It showed that carbohydrate reserves were much highly utilized than nitrogen reserves during wintering period. The rates of winter survival were 91, 83, 46, 22, 35 and 43% and regrowth yields were 692, 545, 316, 84, 127 and 140 kgD.M/lOa, respectively, in each plots. The highly significant correlation (p<0.01) between the level of organic reserves and the rate of winter survival or regrowth yield were obtained.