• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2017

Dissolution of Antheraea yamamai silkworm cocoon was carried out in various solvent systems with various dissolving conditions including dissolution salts, salt concentration, dissolving temperature, and time. General chaotropic salt for Bombyx mori silk fibroin does not work for A. yamamai silkworm cocoon. Lithium bromide 9.3 M at $100^{\circ}C$ also does not work to dissolve wild silkworm cocoon. However, 9 M of lithium thiocyanate treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ induced 100% dissolution of wild silkworm cocoon. But it could not be dissolved lower than $60^{\circ}C$. Like lithium thiocyanate, less than $60^{\circ}C$ treatment with molten calcium nitrate 4 hydrate could not dissolve wild silkworm cocoon. As the dissolution temperature increased up to $100^{\circ}C$, the solubility of wild one was reached over 90%. SDS-PAGE showed broad tailing stream pattern that means the molecule of wild silk was depolymerized with dissolution temperature and time. From the above results, the best chaotropic salt for A.yamamai silkworm cocoon is calcium nitrate 4 hydrate.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.82-83
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• 1987

The number of chromosomes of the wild mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mandarina, collected in Suwon area in the middle part of Korean peninsula was investigated. The chromosomes were examined after smearing and squashing the testis of the last instar larvae which were at spining stage and the microscopic observation showed that the number of chromosomes of the wild mulberry silkworm was 27.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2012

Tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury experiences extreme temperature stress conditions during its life cycle particularly during diapauses and first crop. The present study witnessed the impact of high temperature on some biochemical profiles and egg production (fecundity) of semi-domesticated Daba and Shorea robusta (Sal) based wild ecorace Laria during seed cocoon (pupa) preservation. Cocoons of Daba and Laria were treated with high temperature at $40^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in a BOD incubator. The protein profile and carbohydrate content in the hemolymph and fat body and total haemocyte count (THC) in the hemolymph of pupa were investigated. Further, the fecundity and fertility of egg was assessed. Significant increase in the protein concentration was observed in the hemolymph with reduction in the fat body (p<0.05). The difference in protein concentration was highly significant between the semidomesticated Daba and wild ecorace Laria (p<0.05). High pupal mortality (20%) and reduced fecundity (10-15%) in Daba was noticed compared to wild Laria. Also an increased THC (>28000) was recorded in Laria. The study infers the potentials of wild ecoraces in sustaining the extreme temperature conditions and need of adopting suitable package of practices for the preservation of diapause seed cocoons during extreme summer conditions. There is possibility to introgression thermal stress resistant traits in the semi-domesticated races of tasar silkworm by resorting to conventional breeding plans with wild races and keeping the thermal stress induced response as markers.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2021

The article presents the results of the content of the chemical and biochemical composition of the pupa of the wild silkworm Saturnia pyri belonging to the family Saturniidae, species of Lepidoptera. The nutritional value of silkworm Saturnia pyri pupae was evaluated, which contained 51% dry matter, 52.50% crude protein, 27.89% fat, 10.50% chitin fibers, 2.5% ash and 27 macro- and microelements and 25 mg alpha tocopherols in 100 g oil. The X-ray fluorescence method was used to determine the content of mineral elements in the pupa of the silkworm Saturnia pyri. It was revealed that the pupa of this type of silkworm contains 25 elements, of which the relative amount of K, Mg, Na, Ca, Al is much higher than other elements.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.26-31
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• 1992

수종의 주요 뽕나무 해충-멧누에, 뽕나무 명나방, 환불나방-에 누에 무름병 바이러스(Flacherie virus; FV)와 농핵병 바이러스(Densonucleosis virus: DNV)를 접종하여 감염여부를 2중 면역확산법과 조직관찰로 조사하므로서 이들 누에병의 뽕나무 해충에 의한 전염경로 차단 및 방제법 확립을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 시험을 수행하였다. 1. 멧누에는 누에 FV 및 DNV-1 각각의 항혈청과 반응하여 침강대를 형성하였고, 뽕나무 명나방은 DNV-1 항혈청과 반응하여 비들의 교차감염을 인정할 수 있었으나, 흰불나방은 FV 및 DNV-1 항혈청과 반응을 일으키지 않아 교차감염을 인정할 수 없었다. 2. FV 접종 멧누에는 중장 배상세포 세포질에 바이러스 특이 공포 형성 및 27nm 크기의 바이러스 입자가 관찰되었다. 3. DNV-1 접종 멧누에는 중장 원통세포 핵이 비대하였으며 군집형과 연쇄상의 2종류의 바이러스 증식 형태가 관찰되었다. 4. DNV-1 접종 뽕나무 명나방은 중장 원통세포의 일부 핵에서 비대 현상이 관찰되었고, feulgen 염색결과 적자색으로 염색되었으며, 비대한 원통세포핵내에 소수의 바이러스들이 여러 곳에서 증식하는 것이 관찰되었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2010

The wild silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a polyphagous silk producing insect that feeds on Terminalia arjuna, T. tomentosa and Shorea robusta and is distributed in the forest belts in different states of India. Phenotypically distinct populations of the A. mylitta are called "eco-race" or "ecotypes". Genetic improvement of this wild silkworm has not progressed much due to lack of adequate information on the factors that control the expression of most of the economically important traits. Considering the amazing technological advances taking place in molecular biology, it is envisaged that it is now possible to take greater control on these intractable traits if a combination of genetic, molecular and bioinformatics tools are used. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping is one such approach that has extensively been used in both animal and plant system to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for a number of economically important traits. LD mapping has a number of advantages over conventional biparental linkage mapping. Therefore, LD mapping is considered more efficient for gene discovery to meet the challenge of connecting sequence diversity with heritable phenotypic differences. However, care must be taken to avoid detection of spurious associations which may occur due to population structure and variety interrelationships. In this review, we discuss how LD mapping is suitable for the dissection of complex traits in wild silkworms (Antheraea mylitta).

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2016

Bombyx mandarina is widely accepted as ancestor of B. mori. Silkworms are served as well-characterized models for understanding the mechanism for the genetic regulation of development. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq analysis to examine tissue-expression of gloverin isoforms of the silk-gland, mid-gut, and fat body in B. mandarina. BLAST analysis revealed that four gloverin isoform gene sequences of B. mandarina were highly similar to B. mori. To identify the difference between two species, the expression profile of gloverin was measured by semi- RT-PCR analysis. The specific expression of gloverin isoform genes was observed mainly in the fat body from B. mori but not B. mandarina. However, all of tissues in the wild-type silkworm could induce the upregulation of compared with the B. mori. To validate the sudden increase in gloverin gene expression in the mid-gut tissue of B. mandarina, we were using qRT-PCR. Relative mRNA expression rate of gloverin at the wild-type silkworm was much higher than domestic silkworm. Comparative genomics between domesticated and wild silkworms showed different tissue-expression levels in some of immune related genes. These results are suggesting a trend toward decreasing immunity related genes expression during domestication. Further studies are needed to elucidate the silkworm domestication and an invaluable resource for wild silkworm genomics research.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2001

The wild entomopathogenic fungi, Cordyceps militaris, were collected at the Whawang mountain, Korea. The pupae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, were used as infecting hosts for the production of the silkworm-mili-taris dongchunhacho, silkworm vegetable wasps and plant worms with C. militaris. Three inoculation methods in terms of injection, spray and immersion were tested against the silkworm pupae. The three inocu1ation methods revealed 100% infectivity to the silkworm pupae tested. Of the three inoculation methods, the injection method was highly effective in the reduction of the period required for the endosclerotium and the completion of fruiting body formation. These results indicate that the silkworm pupae are very effective host insects for the production of C. militaris.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 2002년도 Join Meetings of Korean Society of Sericultural Science and Japanse Society of Sericultural Science
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• pp.19-20
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• 2002

No Abstract, See Full Text

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.205-208
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• 2012

Antheraea pernyi silkworm is a well known wild silkworm to produce a valuable silk fiber. A. pernyi silkworm was reared in Korean oak field and examined the cocoon characteristics, such as cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and percentage of cocoon shell weight. Degumming loss was also measured after alkali degumming process. A. pernyi silkworm spins tawny color cocoon in oval shape. Cocoon shell weight of A. pernyi silkworm, 0.78 g, was heavier than that of B. mori silkworm, 0.51 to 0.63 g. Cocoon shell percentage of A. pernyi silkworm, 32.8%, was higher than that of B. mori silkworm, 23.4 to 25.2%. Degumming loss percentage of A. pernyi silkworm, 17.1%, was lower than that of B. mori silkworm, 25.0%. SEM showed that the surface of the cocoon filament was coarse and oriented with longitudinal direction.