• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 2000

This study minimized the address pulse width for plasma display by analysis of address discharge condition for high speed driving using the ADS driving scheme. As a result, addressing pulse width of 1$mutextrm{s}$ has been realized and luminance of 560cd/$m^2$ can be obtained from the area of 256X160 pixels. And a new AWD scheme is proposed. We accomplished 9.1-inch-diagonal color image with the scan timing of HDTV class PDP, display duty 96.8%.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2003

The morphology of the leaves and the flowers of angiosperms exhibit remarkable diversity. One of the factors showing the greatest variability of leaf organs is the leaf index, namely, the ratio of leaf length to leaf width. In some cases, different varieties of a single species or closely related species can be distinguished by differences in leaf index. To some extent, the leaf index reflects the morphological adaptation of leaves to a particular environment. In addition, the growth of leaf organs is dependent on the extent of the expansion of leaf cells and on cell proliferation in the cellular level. The rates of the division and enlargement of leaf cells at each stage contribute to the final shape of the leaf, and play important roles throughout leaf development. Thus, the control of leaf shape is related to the control of the shape of cells and the size of cells within the leaf. The shape of flower also reflects the shape of leaf, since floral organs are thought to be a derivative of leaf organs. No good tools have been available for studies of the mechanisms that underlie such biodiversity. However, we have recently obtained some information about molecular mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis as a result of studies of leaves of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. For example, the ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) gene, a homolog of animal CtBP genes, controls leaf width. AN appears to regulate the polar elongation of leaf cells via control of the arrangement of cortical microtubules. By contrast, the ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3) gene controls leaf length via the biosynthesis of steroid(s). We provide here an overview of the biodiversity exhibited by the leaf index of angiosperms. Taken together, we can discuss on the possibility of the control of the shapes and size of plant organs by transgenic approaches with the results from basic researches. For example, transgenic plants that overexpressed a wildtype ROT3 gene had longer leaves than parent plants, without any changes in leaf width. Thus, The genes for leaf growth and development, such as ROT3 gene, should be useful tools for the biodesign of plant organs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2003

The morphology of the leaves and the flowers of angiosperms exhibit remarkable diversity. One of the factors showing the greatest variability of leaf organs is the leaf index, namely, the ratio of leaf length to leaf width. In some cases, different varieties of a single species or closely related species can be distinguished by differences in leaf index. To some extent, the leaf index reflects the morphological adaptation of leaves to a particular environment. In addition, the growth of leaf organs is dependent on the extent of the expansion of leaf cells and on cell proliferation in the cellular level. The rates of the division and enlargement of leaf cells at each stage contribute to the final shape of the leaf, and play important roles throughout leaf development. Thus, the control of leaf shape is related to the control of the shape of cells and the size of cells within the leaf. The shape of flower also reflects the shape of leaf, since floral organs are thought to be a derivative of leaf organs. No good tools have been available for studies of the mechanisms that underlie such biodiversity. However, we have recently obtained some information about molecular mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis as a result of studies of leaves of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. For example, the ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) gene, a homolog of animal CtBP genes, controls leaf width. AN appears to regulate the polar elongation of leaf cells via control of the arrangement of cortical microtubules. By contrast, the ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3) gene controls leaf length via the biosynthesis of steroid(s). We provide here an overview of the biodiversity exhibited by the leaf index of angiosperms. Taken together, we can discuss on the possibility of the control of the shapes and size of plant organs by transgenic approaches with the results from basic researches. For example, transgenic plants that overexpressed a wild-type ROT3 gene had longer leaves than parent plants, without any changes in leaf width. Thus, The genes for leaf growth and development, such as ROT3 gene, should be useful tools for the biodesign of plant organs.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.7
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2013

We are used with the alkaline ion water which an application field does to object for drinking water compare with the alkaline ion water which asked ion acid electrolysis so as to be very different. This is used with sterilization disinfection use by residual chlorine in case of strong acidity according to ph intensity, and in case of middle acidity use by washing and face washing, and mix with meal materials in case of weak acidity widely usable in cooking. Acid ion water generates as we electrolyze water. Chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide etc. was generated at electrolysis process, and we have toward sterilizing power. Derelicts such as chlorine, phosphorus, sulfur etc. are gathered from a negative ion, and we make acid ion water to + electrode direction in electrolysis. We used a diaphragm in order to disconnect too acid water and alkaline water. We implemented so that the acid water which it came down to three kinds of PWM voltage to PWM (pulse width modulation) control, and implementation method of ph intensity change authorized ph intensity between weak acidity to electrode in strong acidity as we used Microprocessor, and intensity was adjusted successively by PWM control was generated.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.114-122
• /
• 1994

A cold temperature control system for the BAF(batch annealing furnace) has been established in order to reduce energy consumption to imrpove productivity and stabilize the properties of products. Therefore we confirmed a relation between annealing cycle time and atmospheric gas, changing annealing cycle time according to BAF temperature with time during heating and actual temperature measurements cold spot during soaking. The results of the temperature variation effect on the batch annealing are as follows. 1) Cooling rate is increasing gradually with increasing atmospheric gas flow, but heating rate is hardly increasing without atmospheric gas component. Heating time is reduced to one half with increasing atmospheric gas flow rate and changing of atmospheric gas component from HNx to Ax gas and annealing cycle time is reduce to 2.7 times. 2) With enlarging the difference between furnace temperature and soaking temperature at the HNx BAF, heating time becomes short, but cooling time is indifferent. 3) If temperature difference of 300.deg. C in the temperature change of cold spot according to the annealing cycle control temperature, Hi-CON/H2BAF is interchanging at each other at 26hours, but HNxBAF at 50 hours. 4) Soaking time at batch annealing cycle determination is made a decision by the input coil width, and soaking time for quality homogenization of 1219 mm width coil must be 2.5 hours longer then that of 914mm width coil for the same coil weight at Hi-CON/H2BAF. But, it is necessary to make 2 hours longer at HNxBAF.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.68-75
• /
• 2019

A low-crested structure (LCS) is an excellent feature not only because it provides shore protection but also because it is fully submerged. However, in order to properly control waves, it is necessary to maintain a certain range of crest height and width in consideration of the wave dimensions at the installation area. According to previous studies, an LCS has some wave breaking effect when the crest width is more than a fourth of the incident wavelength and the crest depth is less than a third of the incident wave height. In other words, if the crest width of the LCS is small or the crest depth is large, it cannot control the wave. Therefore, when an LCS is installed in a large sea area with a great tidal range in consideration of the landscape, waves cannot be blocked at high tide. In this study, the hydraulic performances of a typical trapezoidal LCS with a constant crest height and a low-crested structure with an adjustable crest height, which was called a tide-adapting low-crested structure (TA-LCS) in this study, were compared and evaluated under various wave conditions through hydraulic experiments. It was found that the wave transmission coefficients of the TA-LCS at high tide were lower than the values for the typical LCS based on empirical formulas. In addition, the hydraulic performances of the TA-LCS for wave reflection control were 12.9?30.4% lower than that of the typical LCS. Therefore, the TA-LCS is expected to be highly effective in controlling the energy of incoming waves during high tide even in a macro-tidal area.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to broaden our understanding of the predisposing factor and treatment of dislocation by analyzing and evaluating the morphology of the articular eminence (AE) in subjects with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: The subjects were divided into two groups: dislocation (31 subjects) and control (32 subjects). CBCT was used to examine 126 TMJs in 63 subjects (26 males, 37 females). The height, width, and posterior slope of the AE were measured in the parasagittal plane. The posterior slope was measured using the "top-roof line angle (TR angle)" method and the "best-fit line angle (BF angle)" method. The AE on the left side (AEL) and the AE on the right side (AER) of the subjects in the dislocation group were separately analyzed and compared with the control group after taking measurements. The average value of both sides was used when comparing with subjects with bilateral dislocation. Results: Dislocations were more frequent in females (67.7%) than in males (32.3%). The dislocation group showed a gentler TR angle than the control group in the AER and in the average of AE on the both sides (AEB). The same group also showed a wider AE in the AEL and the AER (p<0.05). In subjects with unilateral dislocation, the width of the AE with dislocation was narrower and the TR angle and BF angle was steeper than the other side without dislocation (p<0.05). Conclusions: In subjects with unilateral TMJ dislocation, the posterior slope of the AE is steeper, and the width is narrower at the site of dislocation compared to the site without dislocation. However, in subjects with bilateral TMJ dislocation, AEB were wider, and the mean value of the posterior slope of AEB was gentler than that of the control group.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1996.10b
• /
• pp.1257-1260
• /
• 1996

This paper describes a fully digitalized driver for BLDC motors and the driver is realized by a single chip microprocessor. The speed change can be done by using the signal obtained from the position detecting sensor and adjusting the pulse width at the input channel of power module. In order to verify the effectiveness, an repetitive control method is adopted in the speed control tracking a periodic reference change in the BLDC motor system. The experimental results are shown for the reference tracking accurately according to the design parameter variation in the repetitive controller design.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1987.10b
• /
• pp.312-316
• /
• 1987

A simple hybrid circuit to control the two-phase AC motor of the nut-runners which employ the tightening torque control system is described in this paper. The circuit has emphasis on the low-cost implementation. The circuit constitutes of the V/F converter using a timer IC, the pulse width modulator using the fastening torque signal and the two-phase logic sequencer.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.461-461
• /
• 2000

Nonlinear pulse width modulation(PWM) controlled system is considered to achieve control performance of thruster-controlled spacecraft. The actual PWM controlled motions occurs, very closely, around the average model rajectory. Furthermore nonlinear PWM controller design can be directly applied to thruster controlled spacecraft to determine thruster on-time. Sliding mode control for attitude tracking of three-axis thruster-controlled spacecraft is presented. Simulation results are shown which use modified Rodrigues parameters and sliding mode control law to achieve attitude tracking of a three-axis spacecraft with thrusters.