• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.687-695
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of cookies prepared with wheat sprout powder substituted at varying proportions (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) for wheat flour. The bulk density of cookie dough with wheat sprout powder were higher than that of the control group and the pH decreased. The moisture content of the groups with wheat sprout powder was higher than the control group. Width and thickness of finished cookies containing wheat sprout powder were lower than those of the control group. The spread ratio of the group with 8% wheat sprout powder was higher than that of the control group. In color, the L and a value decreased significantly with addition of wheat sprout powder. The hardness of the study groups was lower than that of the control group. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the control group was 24.90%, whereas the study groups ranged from 27.53~38.76%. Sensory evaluation scores in terms of appearance, texture, taste and overall preference of groups with 2% and 4% of wheat sprout powder did not show any significant difference when compared to the control group. Based on the above results, using less than 4% of the wheat sprout powder would be appropriate for use in cookies.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.784-789
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• 2015

본 실험은 풍부한 영양성분과 다양한 약리학적 기능을 가진 밀싹을 기능성 소재로 활용하기 위해 밀싹 분말을 밀가루 대체 첨가물로 사용하여 제조한 머핀의 품질 특성과 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 머핀의 무게는 63.37~63.86 g의 범위로 밀싹 분말 첨가량 차이에 따른 무게 변화의 유의적 차이는 없었다. WSP-1과 WSP-3의 부피는 대조구에 비해서 다소 증가하였으며, 용적비도 부피의 증가와 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 시료별 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다(P<0.05). 머핀의 높이는 WSP-7이 가장 낮았고 WSP-3이 가장 높았으나 실제로 밀싹 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따른 가시적인 부피 및 높이의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 밀싹 분말 첨가구가 대조구에 비해 낮은 pH를 나타내었고 머핀의 수분 함량은 대조구가 28.48%로 가장 낮았으며, 밀싹 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 다소 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 밀싹 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 L값과 a값은 감소하였고 b값은 증가하였다. 머핀의 경도는 대조구가 가장 낮았고 밀싹 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 경도는 증가하였으나 첨가량에 따른 유의적 차이는 없었다(P<0.05). 대조구의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 $9.52{\mu}g/mL$를 나타내었으며 WSP-1은 $18.09{\mu}g/mL$를 나타내어 대조구에 비해 약 2배 정도 높았다. 머핀의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능도 대조구가 11.02%, WSP-1이 20.44%로 대조구에 비해 약 2배 정도 증가하여 밀싹 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 머핀의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 증가하였다. 밀싹 분말을 첨가한 머핀의 관능검사 결과 외관, 색 및 풍미에 대한 기호도는 밀싹 분말 첨가 머핀이 대조구에 비해 높았으며, 맛은 WSP-3이 3.40으로 가장 높았고 조직감은 WSP-7이 가장 낮았으나 처리구별 유의적 차이는 없었다. 종합적 기호도는 WSP-3이 3.54, WSP-5가 3.42로 시료들 중에서 우수한 평가를 받았다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.207-220
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 밀싹 가루를 0, 3, 6, 9, 12% 첨가하여 머핀을 제조하고, 그 품질특성을 비교하였다. 머핀의 높이는 밀싹 가루를 첨가할수록 감소하였으며(p<0.05), 머핀의 중량은 시료 간의 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 머핀의 부피와 비용적은 밀싹 가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였으며(p<0.001), 굽기 손실율은 대조군과 밀싹 가루 첨가군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 머핀의 수분함량은 대조군보다 밀싹 가루 첨가군이 더 높았으며(p<0.001), 머핀의 pH는 밀싹 가루를 첨가할수록 감소하였다(p<0.001). 밀싹 가루 첨가 머핀의 DPPH radical 소거능은 대조군이 18.17%였으며, 밀싹 가루 첨가군은 21.13~34.67%로 나타났다(p<0.001). 색도 측정에서 밀싹 가루를 첨가할수록 머핀 crumb의 L값과 a값은 감소하고 b값은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 머핀의 texture 측정에서 경도(hardness)와 부서짐성(brittleness)은 대조군과 밀싹 가루 9% 첨가까지는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 밀싹 가루를 첨가한 머핀의 관능검사에서 대조군과 밀싹 가루 6% 첨가까지 유의적인 차이가 없었다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과 머핀 제조 시 밀싹 가루 첨가량은 6% 정도가 적절할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.459-472
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical components and antioxidant activities of wheat sprout powder prepared by the enzymatic hydrolysis and lactic acid bacteria treatment. The four kinds of pre-treatment were: no treatment (WP), treated with enzyme (WPE), treated with lactic acid bacteria (WPL), and treated with enzyme and lactic acid bacteria (WPEL) were applied to the wheat sprout powder. The WPEL had higher total free amino acid and essential amino acid content than the other samples. As for the volatile aroma of the wheat sprout powder, 29 types of compounds were identified in the WP and WPL, 28 types in the WPE, and 27 types in the WPEL, respectively. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents, in the wheat sprout powder was enhanced with the enzyme and the lactic acid bacteria pre-treatment. The WPEL had highest DPPH radical scavenging activities. The overall acceptability was the highest at 6.24 points in the WPEL. Based on these observations, it was confirmed that the enzyme and lactic acid bacteria pre-treatment could improve the antioxidant activities and active component of the wheat sprout powder.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.599-613
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of white pan bread added with wheat sprout powder without treatment (WP) and wheat sprout powder with only enzyme treatment (WPE), only lactic acid bacteria treatment (WPL) and enzyme and lactic acid bacteria treatment (WPE&L). The three different powder concentration levels of 1%, 3%, and 5% were added to flour to produce the white pan bread. The bread volume and specific volume of the WPE&L group were the highest among all the addition groups. The bread weight, a-value, and b-value of the WP group was highest among all the addition groups, but the bread baking loss and the L-value of the WP group was the lowest among all the addition groups. The texture measurements indicated that the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness values of the bread were the highest in the WP group. The sensory evaluation test showed that bread in the WPE&L group with 3% wheat sprout powder was the best among all the samples studied. Based on our findings, we suggest that the enzyme and lactic acid bacteria pretreated wheat sprout powder is an effective ingredient for improving the overall quality of white pan bread.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.450-456
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• 2005

This study was performed to provide basic data that will predict the usefulness of buckwheat sprout as food materials. The quality characteristics of noodles prepared with buckwheat sprout powder were investigated The buckwheat sprout powder was added to the noodles in 0, 2, 4, 6, and $8\%$ in proportion to the weight of wheat flour, respectively. The added amounts of buckwheat sprout powder did not affect the volume of the noodles. The weight of noodles was decreased, whereas tumidity of the soup after cooking the noodles was increased with the increment of the amount of added buckwheat sprout powder. The color of powder mixture, wet noodles, and cooked noodles was changed by the addition of buckwheat sprout powder. Lightness(L) was decreased, whereas yellowness(b) and redness(a) increased as the amount of buckwheat sprout powder increased. In the texture analysis, hardness and chewiness of wet noodles were increased significantly by the addition of buckwheat sprout powder. Hardness, chewiness, and gumminess increased significantly in the cooked noodles with more than $6\%$ substitution of buckwheat sprout powder. Other textural properties did not show any significant changes. The results of sensory evaluation revealed that the overall preference of noodles with 2 to $4\%$ substitution of buckwheat sprout powder was better than other sample groups. Therefore, the appropriate amount of addition for the buckwheat sprout noodles was 2 to $4\%$ buckwheat sprout powder in proportion to the weight of wheat flour.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization mixing ratio of wheat sprout powder (WSP) and hemicellulase for the preparation of white pan bread. Using a response surface methodology, independent variables were WSP and hemicellulase. Dependent variables were physicochemical properties, antioxidant properties and sensory evaluation. Water binding capacity of dough increased with increasing WSP. Color value showed positive correlations with WSP. L value decreased and a, b values increased as WSP increased. The adjusted determination coefficient of texture analysis was calculated to be 0.7230~0.9446 having the p-value less than 0.1. Specific volume of bread showed a positive correlation with hemicellulase and a negative correlation with WSP. DPPH radical scavenging activity and total polyphenol were represented by a linear model and showed positive correlations with WSP. Sensory evaluation were represented by a quadratic model. In conclusion, the optimal formulation for WSP added bread, as assessed by numerical and graphical optimization methods, was WSP 2.36%, hemicellulase 0.069% per wheat flour 100 g. The above results indicate that WSP can be used as health-oriented material in the bread industry. This is also expected to meet demands of consumers who are in the pursuit of healthy food.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.766-773
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to make rice pie, a bakery item, to enhance use of rice flour and analyze quality characteristics of rice pie by adding roasted peanut flour and peanut sprout flour. Water content of rice pie adding roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is lower than that of wheat pie. The pH of rice pie is lower than that of wheat pie, and pH becomes higher when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added. Density of dough is lower in rice pie than in wheat pie, and when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added, rice pie reveals higher density. Loss rate is higher in rice pie than in wheat pie, and when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added, rice pie reveals lower loss rate. When roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added to rice pie, its brightness (L) and yellowness (b) decrease, while redness (a) increases. Hardness is higher in pie made of rice powder than in wheat pie, and when roasted peanut flour or peanut sprout flour is added, hardness becomes lower. Regarding composition of fatty acids in rice pie, saturated fatty acids observed are myristic acids, palmitic acids, and stearic acids. Monounsaturated fatty acids found are mainly oleic acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids detected are linoleic acids, and are found more in pie made of rice powder, than in wheat pie.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2013

본 연구는 어린잎 적양무가루를 첨가한 과자류 개발을 위해 회전중심합성계획법에 따라 어린잎 적양무가루, 버터, 설탕의 양을 독립변수로 하여 우리밀 쿠키를 제조하여, 품질 특성을 조사하고, 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 최적배합비를 구하였다. 이화학적 특성과 물성 중 L값(명도)는 quadratic 모델이 채택되었고, a값(적색도), b값(황색도), 퍼짐성, 경도는 linear 모델이 채택되었다. 관능적 특성인 색, 외관, 조직감, 향, 맛, 전체적 기호도는 quadratic 모델이 채택되었다. 관능특성 검사 결과 외관은 어린잎 적양무가루 첨가량의 증가에 따라 감소하고, 조직감은 버터 첨가량의 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 향, 맛, 전체적 기호도는 설탕 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 중심점(40 g) 부근까지는 급격히 증가하다가 그 이후부터는 약간씩 증가하였다. 그 외 다른 관능검사 항목에서는 어린잎 적양무가루, 버터, 설탕 첨가량에 의해 증가하다가 감소하는 경향을 볼 수 있었다. 관능적 기호도 중 맛은 버터 첨가량이 어린잎 적양무가루나 설탕 첨가량 보다 영향이 컸으며, 그 외, 색, 외관, 조직감, 향과 전체적 기호도는 어린잎 적양무가루의 영향이 버터나, 설탕에 대한 영향보다 컸다. 관능특성 검사 결과 중 유의성이 있었던 모든 항목의 최대값을 목표범위를 충족시키는 최적의 배합량은 어린잎 적양무가루 5.15 g, 버터 64.84 g, 설탕 47.18 g으로 산출되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권4호통권100호
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• pp.537-550
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• 2007

콩나물을 열풍 건조하여 분말화한 시료와 대두 이소플라본 추출물을 이용하여 몇 가지 형태의 식품 개발을 시도하였으며, 관능검사를 통하여 성분의 조성을 최적화하였다. 우유 100 m1에 혼합 요쿠르트 균주 2 mg을 넣어 $50^{\circ}C$에서 36시간 발효시켜 콩나물 분말 0.5 g, 이소플라본 추출물 31 mg을 혼합하여 이소플라본 함량이 14.35 mg/l00 ml인 이소플라본 강화 콩나물 요쿠르트(Table 7)를 개발하였으며, 밀가루의 10%를 콩나물 분말로 대체하고 밀가루 및 콩나물 분말의 중량 100 g 당 이소플라본 추출물 124 mg을 첨가하여 이소플라본 함량이 38.24 mg/100 g bread인 이소플라본 강화 콩나물 빵(Table 11)을 개발하였다. 또한 밀가루 함량의 60%를 콩나물 분말로 대체하고 밀가루 및 콩나물 분말의 중량 50 g당 이소플라본 추출물 124 mg을 첨가하여 이소플라본 함량이 190.00 mg/l00 g cookie인 이소플라본 강화 콩나물 쿠키(Table 16)를 개발하였다. 이들 3가지 형태의 식품에 대한 관능검사 결과 쿠키 형태가 콩나물 분말과 이소플라본 추출물의 함량이 가장 높으면서 관능검사패널들의 기호도도 가장 높았다. 콩나물 분말과 이소플라본 추출물을 이용한 쿠키가 제품화되어 공급될 경우 기호도도 우수하여 기능성과 맞을 겸비한 식품으로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 평가되었다.