• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.39-54
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• 2021

Damyang Wetland, a riverine wetland, has been designated as the first wetland protection area in South Korea and is a candidate area for the Mudeungsan Area UNESCO Global Geopark. The Damyang Wetland area is the upstream part of the Yeongsan River and is now a relatively wide plain. To reconstruct the sedimentary environment around the Damyang Wetland, core samples were obtained, and sedimentary facies analysis, AMS and OSL age dataings, grain size, and geochemical analyses were carried out. In addition, comprehensive sedimentary environment changes were reconstructed using previous core data obtained from this wetland area. In the Yeongsan River upstream area, where the Damyang Wetland is located, fluvial terrace deposits formed during the late Pleistocene are distributed in an area relatively far from the river. As a gravel layer is widely distributed throughout the plains, Holocene sediments were likely deposited in a braided river environment when the sea level stabilized after the middle Holocene. Then, as the sedimentary environment changed from a braided river to a meandering river, the influx of sand-dominated sediments increased, and a floodplain environment was formed around the river. In addition, based on the pollen data, it is inferred that the climate was warm and humid around 6,000 years ago, with wetland deposits forming afterward. The the trench survey results of the river area around the Damyang Wetland show that a well-rounded gravel layer occurs in the lower part, covered by the sand layer. The Damyang Wetland was likely formed after the construction of Damyang Lake in the 1970s, as muddy sediments were deposited on the sand layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.93-107
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• 2013

Construction of an artificial wetland for the growth of Sphagnum palustre with emergent macrophytes (Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Zizania latifolia) was firstly tried and the growth of those plant components according to various environmental combinations has been monitored for three years. Above-ground dry weight of Z. latifolia ($1,500g/m^2$) was higher than T. angustifolia ($900g/m^2$) and P. australis ($500g/m^2$) under most environmental conditions. In overall, planted emergent macrophytes seemed to prefer polishing sand without moss peat as a substrate and relatively deep water-depth condition (20cm) rather than shallow water-depth (5cm). Despite of high calcium content in inflow water (> 15ppm) into the constructed wetland, S. palustre populations have survived in most experimental plots during the monitoring period. Substrate layer including moss peat with high surface-area might play a role as an ion-filter. After three years, relatively thicker litter-layer in Z. latifolia plots due to vigorous growth appeared to heavily depress S. palustre by physical compressing and complete shading processes. Most of all, for the continuous growth of S. palustre, physio-chemical characteristics of water and substrate must be carefully managed. In addition, companion emergent species should be also cautiously selected not to depress S. palustre by much litter production. We suggest P. australis and T. angustifolia as companion species rather than Z. latifolia.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.107-119
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• 2019

In recent years, the drying of the water spider habitat has been progressing rapidly. This is the primary cause of extreme climatic events in 2014/2015 with overall reduction in annual precipitation, but impermeable clayey layer formed in the superficial formation also plays an important role. The clayey layer is a critical factor in the formation of wetlands on a well-drained lava plateau, but paradoxically, it restricts the connection with ground water, increasing the instability of the water balance and making it precipitation-dependent structure. In addition, construction of roads/drainways has also caused drying of wetlands by blocking or rapidly spilling surface water/sheet flow. Therefore, to keep the wetlands sustainable, it should increase the flow into the wetlands by removing the road/drainways and floodgates installed to reduce the outflow.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.266-272
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• 2003

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of 2 constructed wetlands with different vegetation states (plumpton park wetland and Woodcroft park wetland) for reducing non-point source pollution from small watershed consisted of residential and agricultural area in suburban district of Sydney, Australia. The total nitrogen and phosphate removal efficiency of Plumpton park constructed wetland, composed of stable and dense vegetation, were 38.3% and 26.2% and Woodcroft park constructed wetland having still poor vegetation due to the short time to settle down transplanted plants after construction, showed relatively low removal efficiency of 20.2% and 14.0%. The removal efficiency of inorganic nutrients such as $NH_4-N$, $NO_3-N$, $PO_4^{-3}$ were higher than total nitrogen and phosphate because plants and microorganisms in rhizosphere of constructed wetlands took up inorganic nutrients shortly. According to the type of wetland inflow, the nutrients removal efficiency of storm water flow was lower than base flow.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

The present study has monitored the changes in the biodiversity of Dunchon-Dong ecological and landscape conservation area after the restoration of the wetland, identified and analyzed the threats to the ecosystem, and presented a management plan accordingly. In this area which was forests and rice paddies in the past, apartment reconstruction is currently underway, with some hinterland forests and wetlands remaining. When we look into the change in the floras, the total number of species was 193 in 2000 before the restoration, it decreased from 2004 to 2006, and as of 2019, it was 149, showing an increasing trend. The result of comparing the species that emerged before and after the restoration showed an increase in Cyperaceae herbs such as Carex maximowiczii and Carex dispalata growing in wetland areas within forests and Schoenoplectiella juncoides and Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani growing in areas within wetlands where shallow water is maintained. As a result of analyzing the change in the area ratio of each type of extant vegetation, the wetland native herbs formed the power at the highest ratio after the restoration. The change in the power of the wetland native herbs was on an increasing trend until 2007, after which it decreased much in 2010 and then gradually increased, showing values of 26.6% in 2000, 44.6% in 2002, 49.0% in 2005, 53.3% in 2007, 28.7% in 2010, and 37.3% in 2019. The cause of the decrease in 2010 was judged to be due to the vegetation management conducted to secure open water and remove organic matter in freshwater reservoirs. The amphibia which emerged from 2000 to 2019 was a total of 9 species including Hynobius leeshii, Bufo gargarizans, Kaloula borealis, and Rana uenoi. As a result of the changes in the emerging wild birds, the species diversity index before the restoration was 0.9922 in 2000, and the species diversity index after the restoration gradually increased to 1.2449 in 2005, 1.2467 in 2010, and 2.2631 in 2019. The amphibia and wild birds inhibiting in the Dunchon-Dong forest and wetland were judged to have increased through continuous wetland maintenance such as naturalized plant removal management, native plant maintenance, and open water securing management. For the ecosystem preservation management of the Dunchon-Dong ecological and landscape conservation area, it was suggested to minimize the impact of the Dunchon-Dong reconstruction project, reorganize the indiscriminate access roads adjacent to the wetland, and reorganize the main entrance to the wetland. For ecosystem restoration management, systematic restoration and ecological buffer planting were suggested to be carried out at the time of construction fence demolition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.67-77
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• 2016

This study was initiated from question raised on existing study achievement that purpose for Wolji construction simply was to build gardens. In this research, after raising a question on existing theory about the Wolji construction, another purpose of Wolji construction is investigated. Study result is as follows. First, two questions raised on Wolji construction are "Was Wolji constructed as a garden from the beginning?" and "Was Wolji region available land as now at time of creation?" However, it was verified that the purpose of Wolji construction was to use not as a garden but as a detention pond, and the land of such region was unserviceable at time of Wolji construction. Second, in terms of locations and Topography, it was confirmed that Wolji has a favorable condition for undercurrent function as it is positioned at the end point of flow path formed by gushout water spurting from the water flooded from Bukcheon, or low and wetland. Third, from hydraulic point of view, Bukcheon always has a possibility of flooding occurrence before completing river bank build up, and such flooding damage was curved at Guhwangdongwonji, and at Wolji once again in order to prevent the damage spread into the center of Wanggyeong. Fourth, from urban planning point of view, it was confirmed that urban functions were not established in Wolji region before Wolji construction, and urban planning was completed through the opening of roads and others, after Wolji construction. Fifth, it was confirmed that inflow and outflow device of Wolji, and vertical stone platform at western side of Wolji were the facilities to provide sufficient functions as detention ponds.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.43-56
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• 2014

In this study, ecological investigation was performed on Yong-neup, Daeam-san for 5 times. This area is considered DMZ zone located between Yanggu-gun and Inje-gun, Gangwon-do, where has been recognized highly valuable for ecological preservation. As a result, Sphagnum and hydrophobic vegetation were found in Little Yong-neup, revealing its characteristics of high moor, where as no Sphagnum were found in Baby Yong-neup. Thereby, the carnification has been investigated in both Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup. A main cause of damage was associated with the creation of stating rink and increases of visitors. The damages of vegetation in Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup have been intensified by road construction or uses of groundwater while relocating military troops to upper stream of Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup, further causing the damages of water circulation system and soil erosion. These artificial factors have caused the carnification of wetland protection areas including Little Yong-neup. The terrestrial vegetations, such as Plantago asiatica, Geranium Koreanum and Artemisia feddei have increased compared to current survey conducted by the Ministry of Environment. 5 endangered species, such as Lychnis wilfordii and Trientalis europaea and 5 other introduced species, such as Aster pilosus and Taraxacum officinale were found. 10 different species of mammal and 2 species of amphibian were investigated; and in addition to this, a original form of Sphagnum fens, the remaining wetland was found. Therefore, this study is to identify the causes of damages in Little Yong-neup and Baby Yong-neup through their ecological survey and accordingly proposing a direction for ecological restoration through the improvement of water circulation system, creation of habitats for plant and animal, restoration of vegetation through eco-friendly materials and indigeneity, relocation of the current military troops, securing of structural stability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.01a
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• pp.439-441
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• 2023

National park is one of the important types of protected area management systems established by IUCN and a management model for effective conservation and sustainable use of natural and cultural heritage in countries around the world, and it assumes important roles in conservation, scientific research, education, recreation and driving community development. This study takes Liaohe National Park in China, a typical representative of global coastal wetlands, as a case study, and uses python technology to collect travelogues and reviews of visitors from Mafengwo.com, Ctrip.com, Go.com, Meituan.com and Dianping.com as a source, and the text spans from 2015 to 2022. The results show that wildlife resources, natural landscape with river and sea, wetland ecology and fishing and hunting culture of northern China are fully reflected in the perceptions of visitors to Liaohe National Park. However, there is still much room for improvement in terms of supporting services and facilities, public education and tourists' experience and participation in Liaohe National Park. In this paper, we use python data visualization technology to study the public perception of wetland wildlife as the theme, and grasp the satisfaction, spatial distribution, activity content and emotional tendency of the public in the process of wetland wildlife as the theme, so as to better promote the Liaohe National Park to better carry out the public experience while strictly adhering to ecological protection, and to provide the Liaohe National Park with a better opportunity to This will provide scientific basis for the Liaohe National Park to play a better role in ecological civilization construction and education of ecological civilization awareness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.137-148
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• 2008

There have been many cases of using wetlands as an alternative in controlling stormwater, treating mining leachate, and agricultural discharge, and so on, recently. The reality is, however, that the wetlands are not properly applicable because of the lack of enough longterm data for wetlands due to the difficulty of long-term monitoring. Therefore, this study tries to analyze the storage of Upo, Mokpo, Sajipo, and Jjokjibeul in Topyeong watershed using SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model, one of the long-term runoff hydrologic model, for the purpose of generating the long-term data and analyzing the hydrologic behavior of wetlands based on the generated data. Also, the changes in runoff at the outlet are analyzed after applying the simulation of constructing washland in Topyeong watershed and the storage in Upo is analyzed. The result shows that the runoff at the outlet of the watershed is decreased in rainy season from July to August and increased in dry season from December to February. In addition, the analysis of Upo storage concludes that Upo can be influenced by the construction of the washland. The duration curve of washland is then analyzed in order to evaluate the wetland's sustainability in terms of washland and it appears that the runoff of washland is simulated to be less than that of the existing wetland. Moreover, runoffs of some washlands are simulated to be less even in wet season. These results lead to the fact that there should be further hydrologic management for constructed washland. Then, the changes in loads (TN and TP) because of constructing washland are analyzed. The result shows that the loads are reduced because of the construction. Also, the changes in loads due to the construction of buffer strips are analyzed to compare the load reductions caused by a washland. Finally, REMM model, a riparian management model, is applied to overcome the hydrologic ambiguousness of SWAT model, and then, the SWAT model results are compared to those of REMM.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.39-51
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• 2008

In recent days, the cases of using wetlands in treating waste water, storm events, mining leachate, and agriculture effluents are increasing. But there is the lack of the data for wetlands because of the difficulty in long term monitoring. Such an aspect makes the proper use of wetland impractical. In this study for the purpose of generating a long term hydrologic data, the time series of storage amount for Upo, Mokpo, Sajipo, and Jjokjibeol in Topyeong watershed is simulated using SWAT model. Based on the SWAT-Topyeong model involved in several scenarios for constructing new washlands in Topyeong watershed, the temporal behavior of new washlands is analyzed. It is also revealed that the constructed washland can affect the Upo in some degrees.