• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.387-398
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• 2010

SWAT model would be applied to evaluate the pollutant removal capacity with various best management practices (BMPs) in Kyongan stream watershed which plays an important role in water quality conservation and improvement of Paldang reservoir. The methods for the representation of various BMPs scenarios with SWAT is developed and evaluated. Riparian buffer strip, agricultural conservation practices to reduce fertilizer, sediment, and nutrients occurring from farm field (Grassed swale, Contour farming/Parallel terrace, Field border, Farm retention pond, Grade stabilization structure), and washland such as wetland and pond to extend detention and improve water quality are represented in SWAT. And to represent the expansion of existing Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), reduction effect for point source pollutants was simulated. As the result of simulation, the removal rates of SS, TN, TP from scenarios of Kyongan stream watershed are the average annual SS yield by 5.2% to 69.2%, the average annual TN yield by 0.5% to 26.3%, and the average annual TP yield by 1.3% to 32.5%, respectively. This study has demonstrated that the SWAT is a very reliable and useful water quality and quantity assessment tool, and the BMPs representation in SWAT for watershed management is able to effectively simulate in Kyongan Stream watershed.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: In recent year, there has been great concern regarding agricultural land uses and their importance for the conservation of biodiversity. Rice fields are managed unique wetland for wildlife, especially waterbirds. A comprehensive monitoring of the waterbird assemblage to understand patterning changes was attempted for rice ecosystem in South Korea. This rice ecosystem has been recognized as one of the most important for waterbirds conservation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Biweekly monitoring was implemented for the 4 years from April 2009 to March 2010, from April 2011 to March 2014. 32 species of waterbirds were observed. Self-organizing map (SOM) and random forest were applied to the waterbirds dataset to identify the characteristics in waterbirds distribution. SOM and random forest analysis clearly classified into four clusters and extract ecological information from waterbird dataset. Waterbird assemblages represented strong seasonality and habitat use according to waterbird group such as shorebirds, herons and waterfowl. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the combination of SOM and random forest analysis could be useful for ecosystem assessment and management. Furthermore, we strongly suggested that a strict management strategy for the rice fields to conserve the waterbirds. The strategy could be seasonally and species specific.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2023

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of the plant growth forms within the Amsa-dong Ecological and Landscape Conservation Area, a floodplain along the Han River, based on 20 years of flora monitoring data. The analysis revealed that there were 106 taxa identified in 2003, 158 taxa in 2006, 107 taxa in 2013, and 202 taxa in 2020. Compared to 2003 and 2013, the number of taxa increased significantly by approximately 50 taxa in 2006 and around 100 taxa in 2020. It is presumed that this is due to the influx of seeds caused by the flooding of the Han River due to record-breaking heavy rains during the rainy seasons of 2006 and 2020, leading to a rapid increase in the number of taxa. This was also confirmed in aquatic plants(HH) as a result of comparison of life style analysis by year. The analysis revealed that there were 19 aquatic plant(HH) in 2003, 32 aquatic plant(HH) in 2006, 9 aquatic plant(HH) in 2013, and 30 aquatic plant(HH) in 2020. The number of aquatic plants(HH) increased slightly in 2006 and 2020 compared to 2003 and 2013, and the influx of rare aquatic plants in urban rivers was confirmed. Consistent with the results of the vascular flora analysis above, these plants are believed to have been introduced from the upper reaches of the Han River when the Han River flooded due to heavy rains during the record-breaking rainy season in 2006 and 2020.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2005

2003년 4월부터 8월까지 경상북도 영천시 금호읍 황정리, 관정리, 구암리, 영천시 도남동에 속한 금호강 주변의 황정 습지에서 식생 구조를 조사하였다. 현존식생도에 나타난 군락은 달뿌리풀 군락, 물억새 군락, 버드나무-선버들 군락, 달뿌리풀-물억새 군락, 돼지풀 군락, 환삼덩굴 군락, 물억새-줄 군락, 달뿌리풀-갈대 군락, 갯버들-달뿌리풀 군락, 왕버들-버드나무 군락, 노랑어리연꽃-줄 군락, 줄-달뿌리풀 군락 등 총 12종류였는데, 군락별 분포 면적은 달뿌리풀 군락이 49.46 ha(11.03%)로 가장 넓고, 물억새 군락 15.32 ha(3.42%), 버드나무-선버들 군락 8.13 ha(1.81%), 달뿌리풀-물억새 군락 6.42 ha(1.43%) 등의 순이었으며, 줄-달뿌리풀 군락이 0.19 ha(0.04%)로서 가장 좁았다. 표조작에 사용된 식생 조사표상 상재도에 의해 구분할 수 있는 군락은 달뿌리풀 군락과 돼지풀 군락인데, 달뿌리풀 군락은 노랑어리연꽃 아군락 및 왕버들 아군락으로 구분되었다. 달뿌리풀 군락의 식별종은 달뿌리풀, 물억새, 고마리, 미나리, 겨풀, 개갓냉이 등이고, 돼지풀 군락의 식별종은 돼지풀, 금강아지풀, 닭의장풀, 쇠방동사니, 바랭이, 도꼬마리, 개망초, 망초, 매듭풀, 토끼풀, 자주개자리 등이며, 노랑어리연꽃 아군락의 식별종은 노랑어리연꽃, 줄, 큰고랭이, 물꼬챙이골 등이고, 왕버들 아군락의 식별종은 왕버들, 버드나무, 갯버들 등이었다. 황정 습지는 전형적인 하천 습지로서 비교적 보전 상태가 양호하나 습지 주변의 경작지(과수원)에서 배출되는 농약 등으로 인해 분포하는 식물의 생육에 영향을 받을 것으로 생각된다. 벼과와 버드나무속을 포함한 수생 및 습생 관속식물의 분포 면적이 넓은 황정 습지는 다양한 생물들의 서식처로 이용되고 아름다운 하천 경관을 제공하며 간접적으로 금호강의 수질 정화에 기여하므로 보존 가치가 있는 습지로 판단된다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.211-214
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to establish the basic information for natural drainage capacity assessment in urban area. We sorted midium watershed of Han river and Nak-dong river, and selected 30 rainfall events during 1995 to 2000 according to high level of damage. The inundated area showed high watershed slope about 25% and it indicated the greatest damage around the watershed located in 200-300m of altitude. Besides, the great damage by inundation was occurred in the mountainous agriculture region, where the forest scale was high and the urbanization was being progressed gradually. However, inundated area was small in case of grassland, water tone such as riparian area, bare ground and wetland. Moreover, the inundated area was different according to river shape and characteristics of river distribution such as the density of the stream order, conservation constant of the river system, and the number of undulations in the watershed. Therefore, it showed that land use, river shape and distribution characteristics of stream influence on inundation.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.20-23
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• 2016

Background: The structures and soil factors of Suaeda glauca-Suaeda japonica zonal communities and Phragmites australis-S. japonica zonal communities were studied in salt marshes of west and south coasts of South Korea to provide basic data for coastal wetland conservation and restoration. Results: S. glauca community mean length was 67 m and S. japonica community mean length was 567 m in zonal communities, and P. australis and S. japonica community mean length were 57 m and 191 m in zonal communities. Regarding the electrical conductivity, sodium content, and clay contents in Upnae-ri, Shinan-gun, there were significant differences among zonal communities at significance level of 0.05 for two-sided t test. However, other factors were not significantly different. Conclusions: The results indicate that multiple factors such as electronic conductivity, total nitrogen level, clay, and sodium might play important roles in the formation of zonal plant communities of salt marshes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1123-1131
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the spatial range, distribution pattern, temporal appearance, sex ratio, seasonal pattern, and size of the population of Leptalina unicolor locally inhabiting the wetland protection area in the Jaeyaksan Mountain. We found that the butterfly was distributed across four areas at 750 m above sea level and in an area of 96,000 ㎡. in the southeastern slope of the mountain. The discontinuous distribution of the butterflies in the meadow. According to our survey conducted from 2012 to 2014, L. unicolor occurred in May (spring) and July (summer) each year, with the male population more than three times higher than that of the female population. The population size estimated using the mark and recapture method on the back of the hind wing in the two years was as follows: 877±502 and 1243±800 individuals in the spring and summer of 2012, respectively, and 783±429 and 506±365 individuals in the spring and summer of 2014, respectively, suggesting no specific seasonal pattern. The findings of this study are expected to be useful for the conservation of the populations and habitats of L. unicolor, which are currently distributed locally due to a decrease in population size.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.144-151
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• 2024

Background: This study focused on the diet of Clithon retropictum, level II endangered species in Korea. Since the development of brackish water zones has led to a decline in the population of this species, to obtain information on the ecology of C. retropictum required for its conservation and restoration. To investigate the actual preys of C. retropictum in south coast of Korea, we conducted high-throughput sequencing and metabarcoding techniques to extract DNA from gut contents and periphyton in their habitats. Results: Total 118 taxonomic groups were detected from periphyton samples. 116 were Chromista and Cyanobacteria dominated in the most samples. In gut contents samples, 98 taxonomic groups were detected. Similar to the results of periphyton, 96 were Chromista and Cyanobacteria dominated in the most samples. In the principal component analysis based on the presence/absence of taxonomic groups, gut content composition showed more clustered patterns corresponding to their habitats. Bryophyta was the most crucial taxonomic group explaining the difference between periphyton and gut contents compositions of C. retropictum. Conclusions: Our finding suggests that C. retropictum may not randomly consume epilithic algae but instead, likely to supplement their diet with Bryophyta.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.337-345
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• 2024

This study looked at some biometric and reproductive aspects of the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) - the overexploited fish species in the Geray Reservoir as a foundation to develop an efficient fisheries management strategy. 50 fish samples (20 to 44 cm and 130 to 2,400 g) were collected between October and May 2022 using a cast net with a mesh size of 6 cm. The ratio of male to female C. carpio (1:0.52) was deviating from the anticipated 1:1 ratio. The absolute fecundity of C. carpio was relatively low (12,375 to 31,392 eggs). Gonadosomatic index varied from 0.01 to 4.6 (male) to 0.24-12.75 (female), and the spawning period of C. carpio extended from December to January. The length-weight relationships for males (TW = 0.0009TL^3.87) and females (TW = 0.0007L^3.97) indicate that C. carpio had positive allometric growth; which may have been caused by unsuitable habitat conditions and overfishing. There is a need to develop fisheries management like implementing integrated conservation efforts and reducing wetland farming. For this, this information provides a baseline data.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.525-547
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• 2021

이 연구는 생태복원을 하는 데 있어서 식물종을 사용하는 현황을 파악하는 것이 주된 목적이다. 이를 위해서 최근 6년간 수행된 생태계보전협력금 반환사업 58개소에 대한 식재 도면을 수집하여 분석하였다. 식재한 식물의 분석은 준공 및 설계도면을 이용하여 전체 선정 현황과 함께 성상별, 규격별, 식생 기후대별, 육상 및 습지의 서식처별, 자생식물과 재배식물로 구분하여 빈도분석을 하였다. 조사 및 분석 과정에서 식물 이름이 잘못된 경우가 많아서 이에 대한 분석도 함께 실시하였다. 58개 대상지에서 식재에 사용한 식물은 282 분류군이었으며, 교목류는 91종, 관목류는 69종, 만경목 11종, 초본류는 111종으로 나타났다. 전체적으로 가장 많이 사용한 식물종은 조팝나무, 팥배나무, 상수리나무, 잔디, 좀작살나무와 병꽃나무 순으로 나타났다. 교목 중에서는 팥배나무, 상수리나무, 이팝나무, 느티나무, 산수유 순이었으며, 관목류는 조팝나무, 병꽃나무, 좀작살나무, 산철쭉, 화살나무 순이었다. 초본류는 잔디, 구절초, 벌개미취, 물억새, 수크령 순이었다. 식생기후대별 분석에서는 온대중부산림대와 난대수림대 모두에서 조팝나무, 좀작살나무 순으로 많이 사용되었는데, 이러한 패턴은 기후대별 특성을 반영하지 못한 것으로 판단하였다. 서식처별 분석 결과, 습지에서는 물억새와 털부처꽃이 가장 많이 사용되었다. 특히 자생식물과 재배식물의 선정 비율이 76% 대 24%로 재배식물의 선정 비율도 높게 나타났다. 또한 도면에 적시된 식물명은 국가표준식물목록 및 국가생물종목록에 나타나지 않는 보통명을 많이 사용하고 있었는데, 앞으로 식물명에 대한 올바른 사용이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로 생태복원을 위한 식재 식물의 사용과 관련해서는 선정 식물의 다양화와 함께 기후대의 특성을 고려한 식물 선정, 생태복원에 사용하는 식물 규격을 낮추는 접근 방법이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 습지식물의 경우에는 생태적 특성을 충분히 이해한 접근이 중요했고, 자생식물 중심의 식물 선정을 위해 재배식물 사용 비율을 최소화하는 것들이 필요한 과제로 나타났다.