• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2005

It is widely accepted that, at present, the SO$_2$ emissions in China are not increasing thanks to the rigorous Chinese government policies. However, with the development of western China, it is possible that the SO$_2$ emission amounts might increase in regional scale. In this study, changes of sulfur deposition pattern and unprotected ecosystem in east Asia due to the sulfur emission pattern changes in China are studied by using the RAINS-Asia model. Five scenarios have been postulated to understand the effects on east Asia, especially, on Korea and Japan. It is found that the increase of SO$_2$ emission in western China might increase the total emission in whole China. And the amount of sulfur deposition from western China on east Asia would be higher than those from eastern China. The deposition amount of sulfur species on Asia is 3.2 Mt when SO$_2$ are emitted from western China only while 2.6 Mt from eastern China only. Generally, Korea and Japan are influenced more by emissions from eastern China than western China. However, if the SO$_2$ emissions from western China increase by 100% while those decrease by 10% in eastern China compared to the base case, the deposition amount of sulfur species on Korea and Japan would be higher than the base case. The fraction of unprotected ecosystem in Korea and Japan for the base case are 50 and 5%. However, if the emissions from western China increase by 100% while those decrease by 10% in eastern China, the fraction of unprotected ecosystem in Korea and Japan would be 52 and 6%.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.171-184
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper is output oriented, in order to maximize the output level of sustainable development efficiency of foreign trade in western China with limited input. This paper adopts the relevant input-output indicators of sustainable foreign trade development of 11 provinces and cities in western China from 2016 to 2020, and uses DEA model to measure their technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Malmquist index was used to calculate the total factor productivity change index of each province in western China from 2016 to 2020. We found that, on the whole, the average values of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of provinces and cities in western China from 2016 to 2020 are greater than 0.8, indicating that the western region has high technical efficiency, relatively high management and institutional level and high existing scale level. Scale efficiency is lower than pure technical efficiency on the whole, indicating that the current sustainable development efficiency of foreign trade in western China is mainly limited by its scale level. The technological progress index is higher than the technological efficiency change index, indicating that the total factor productivity of the sustainable development of foreign trade in western China is mainly driven by technological progress and more influenced by external factors. We think the conclusion of this study can provide important reference information for the sustainable development of foreign trade of provinces and cities in western China.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.629-641
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• 2007

Chinese government has implemented the West Development Strategy since 1999 to boost the region's growth and prevent the environmental degradation. Until now, the regional economy and living standard in Western China have been greatly improved, while it also indicated by the State Council that the ecological environment still deteriorated with part improvement, and pressure of water shortage increased. The paper focus on the relationship of GDP per capita and the volume of industrial waste water discharge of all the 12 provinces in Western China from 1989 to 2004, by the expanded EKC model in the cubic form. Results show that they mainly have down trend in the whole sample space but small up trend in the recent years. That means controlling of industrial wastewater discharge is still an important task to be insisted in the Western China.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.131-150
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• 1998

Main theme of this study is the acceptance phase of western architectural culture in modern east-north asia through a series of actual survey and typological analysis of existing church buildings in modern Korea. China. Japan. For this study, 126 modern church buildings of Korea, China, Japan are selected. Also, main subject of this study has deal with the side of culture - thought which background of christianity acceptance and acceptance mind of acceptance main-body, culture adaptation and transformation based on characteristic culturalization of Korea, China, Japan. Especially, I would consistently tried to see the acceptance phase of western architectural culture according to differential acceptance mind of acceptance main-body based on characteristic culturalization of three countries. Conclusively, in the point of view of western architectural culture acceptance phase, it could be said that Korean church architecture had characterized as a blending phase of the two eclectic architectural culture. And in the case of china, as a coexistance phase of the two architectural culture with more western style-oriented. On the other hand, Japanese church architecture had characterized as a syncretism phase of the both traditional and western architectural culture, though it is eclectic style-oriented. Therefore, it is thought that different acceptance mind of western culture had main factors caused of differential acceptance phase, when the two architectural culture, the traditional and the western, encounters.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.131-151
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• 2016

한 중 FTA 체결과 중국서부지역의 대개발정책은 우리기업들에게는 전략적인 기회요인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 물류기업들이 국내 물류산업의 활동기반을 확대하고 중국에 진출한 우리나라 기업들의 원활한 비즈니스 활동을 지원하기 위한 진출 전략을 제시하고자 하였다. 한국물류기업 32개 업체를 대상으로 설문지 방식을 이용하여 중국서부지역 진출시 중요시 고려되는 요인을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 정부요인, 현지시장 요인, 전략적 요인, 인프라 요인, 금융 및 예산 요인의 순으로 나타났으며, 정부요인으로는 '중국물류전문가 육성', '중국서부지방 정부와의 경제협력', '투자박람회 및 전시회 개최' 등이 중요한 활성화 요인이며, 현지시장 요인에서 '중국물류사업 진입 허가 및 절차파악', '중국서부지역 물류시스템 파악'이 중요한 요인으로 나타났다. 또한 대기업과 중소 중견기업은 정부요인이 중요하다고 제시한 반면, 소기업은 현지시장 요인이 진출에 중요한 요인인 것으로 나타났다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.385-406
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• 2013

This research starts based on the assumption that the changes of educational system in China which had been caused by accepting western educational system in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China are indeed considered as a paradigm shift of educational system in China, This research aims first to investigate what kinds of problems and changes Chinese educational system confronted at that time and second to examine what kinds of implications such changes and problems of paradigm shift may have today in China. In order to achieve the goals of this research, I first researched changes and characteristics of educational paradigm shift occurred in the history of China. On the basis of those findings, I tried to analyze acculturation problems of Chinese educational system for that of western countries at that time, their implications in present time Chinese educational system, and the possibility of further paradigmatic shift in present Chinese education. In this paper, I assumed three historical paradigmatic shifts in educational system in China which had big influences on the foundation of Chinese education, such as the introduction of Confucian Thoughts, the introduction of Civil Examination System in Sui Dynasty, and lastly the introduction of western educational system in the late Qing Dynasty. The last paradigmatic shift occurred by the introduction of western education system into China was very different from the previous two paradigmatic shifts in China in that it was literally initiated by the world with cultures different from those of China, and that's why it is called Spatial Collision. It was also one of the many changes China had been forced to confront unvoluntarily. It was done for many other complicated factors such as the greed of western imperialistic countries, spreading of Christianity and missionary education, domestic resistance against long feudal reigning of Qing Dynasty, and lastly the intellect's eagerness for new knowledge and new ways of thinking. What is surely regretful for the paradigmatic shift of Chinese educational system was that it had been triggered by those many heterogeneous factors, thereby leading to such a sudden, entire and complete shift of Chinese education system. In addition, it was done without a deeper and further consideration of Chinese education system with thousand years of tradition. This situation could be understood to be an impetus strong enough to encourage the advent of a new paradigm propelled by rapid economic growth of China, many problems of western education system, reconsideration of Chinese tradition, and strengthening of women power in China, etc.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.102-122
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• 2022

From 2018 to 2020, the United States has repeatedly imposed sanctions on the Chinese company Huawei, which has triggered strong nationalist sentiments on the Chinese Internet. This paper is a qualitative content analysis of Zhihu netizens' views on US sanctions against Huawei to explore how anti-Western centrism influences young people's narratives. The results showed that they believe the Huawei matter is a deliberate hegemonic act by the United States because it fears the decline of its own technological status. Moreover, it is direct evidence that the United States is deliberately destroying China's economic development environment to slow down China's rise, as well as a typical manifestation of the injustice of the liberal international order. A further analysis revealed that their narrative logic is obviously influenced by the following aspects: 1) The mentality of national glory derived from comprehensive national strength leads them to believe that U.S. sanctions against Huawei are an obstacle to China's rise. 2) National humiliation leads them to view U.S. sanctions as a constant insult to China. 3) China's superiority created by China's comprehensive national strength and its scientific and technological achievements in recent years has boosted its confidence to challenge the West's absolute progress. This study examines the impact of anti-Western centrism on Chinese nationalist sentiment and offers a bottom-level perspective on the debate over the crisis of the liberal order.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2016

중국은 중국 내 중서부 지역의 풍부한 천연자원과 동부 연안지역의 자본을 연계하여 대륙을 균형적으로 발전시키기 위한 서부대개발 정책을 추진 중이다. 대중국 무역의존도가 높은 우리나라는 국제운송 및 물류체계의 변화에 긴밀하게 대응하기 위해 중국의 교역 규모나 교역패턴 변화를 항상 주시할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 중국의 글로벌 무역노선 재편 및 서부대개발에 따른 우리나라와 중국 성시별 품목별 수출입 규모 변화 추이를 분석하고, 그에 따른 대응방향을 제시하고자 하는 목적에서 중국 성시별 주요 운송경로별, 품목별 한중 간 수출입 규모 변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 중국 서부대개발 움직임에 따라 교역축이 동부 연해지역에서 서부 내륙으로 이전하는 추세를 정량적으로 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 분석과정을 통해 향후 한중 수출입 규모 확대를 위해서 Sea&Air 및 Sea&Rail 등 복합운송체계 마련과 항만-공항 간 연계체계, 신선물류 클러스터 구축의 필요성을 발견할 수 있었다. 또한 한중간 중량화물 및 벌크화물의 수출입 물동량을 확보하기 위해 열차페리나 벌크화물 하역 터미널 시설 구축의 필요성도 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국복식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복식학회 2001년도 19th International Costume Association Congress
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• pp.81-81
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• 2001

R.O.C. has experienced successively the development of previous dynasties that creates out the unique traditional culture of each stage. The Chinese nation is not a one-fold race; each dynasty absorbs the culture of the outside race. It is Tang Dynasty blends mutually however yield unusually brilliant results. The Tang Dynasty's national strength is forceful and the economy is prosperous. Above all, social custom and current of thought both break the constraint of previous dynasties' conservative thinking and keep positive and aggressive. While in the contact with extraterritorial culture, not only changes the feminine social status, but also produces unprecedented innovation and reform on the feminine dress. The Tang Dynasty's varied feminine suit is affected by the western regions of China culture, such as expose of chest, low collar, short top garment and skirt with narrow sleeves or wide sleeves, sleeve gown with plate collar or turndown collar, man's wear, and military dress, etc. An epoch can be known by Tang Dynasty feminine dress's special features, for example, the make-up of Tang-Shien-lon's Uan-Ho period presents dress style of late Tang days. However, the Chinese people compete mutually pursuing the strange costume, and accepting different cultural incitement This reveals that the changes of popular culture would result in the big transform of the Tang's dress style. This paper studies inherit of Tang Dynasty's culture and east-spread of the western regions of China culture. While understanding the Tang's favor in the western regions of China customs, all follow the western regions of China without exception, such as dance music, painting, dress, food, amusement, etc. Because of emperor's progressive race policy and forgiveness attitude to the foreign tribe that makes Tang Dynasty's feminine dress much easier to accept and blend the special features of the foreign tribe culture. While joined with west culture, and pick the dress's essence of the western regions of China, the original possessed of culture consciousness and esthetic sense improve and create their own dress, as well as enrich more inner part of dress art and the spirit.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1684-1688
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• 2013

A rapid and sensitive method for determining usnic acid of Lethariella cladonioides in rat was established using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) tandem mass (MS/MS). Rat plasma was pretreated by mixture of acetonitrile and chloroform to precipitate plasma proteins. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a column ($50{\times}2.1$ mm, $5{\mu}m$) with a mobile phase consisting of water (containing $5{\times}10^{-3}$ M ammonium formate, pH was adjusted to 3.0 with formic acid) and acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. A tandem mass spectrometric detection with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface was conducted via collision induced dissociation (CID) under negative ionization mode. The MS/MS transitions monitored were m/z 343.0448 ${\rightarrow}$ m/z 313.2017 for usnic acid and m/z 153.1024 ${\rightarrow}$ m/z 136.2136 for protocatechuic acid (internal standard). The linear range was calculated to be 2.0-160.0 ng/mL with a detection limit of 3.0 pg/mL. The inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision were within ${\pm}7.0%$. Pharmacokinetic study showed that the apartment of usnic acid in vivo confirmed to be a two compartment open model. The method was fully valid and will probably be an alternative for pharmacokinetic study of usnic acid.