• 대한의료기공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.221-235
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• 2009

This study is made for the survey of the effectiveness of the auricular reflexology, now accepted as a part of alternative medicine, applied to the patients of musculoskeltal disease patients, and data about its cognition and the success rate of the therapy. 106 patient was employed in this study who works in various part in a company in Jun-ju in Junrabukdo. From them, data such as, musculoskeletal symptoms by questionnaire examination, and data from ear inspections and interviews were collected and used for the basal data. Auricular reflexology therapies were applied to them at the areas that reflect the musculoskeletal system, for five times, each time with intervals of three or four days. The data about the effectiveness were collected by questionnaire examination, including descriptive answers. The results are as follows; cognition to the auricular reflexology was 62.3%, and acceptance rate of this method was 81.1%. From this results, I think that this therapy can be easily acceptable. The success rates of this therapy were 32.1% after 1 time application, and 84.9% after 5 times applications. This result shows that auricular reflexology therapy has therapeutic effect in musculoskeletal diseases, and the success rates increase according to the application times. Between sex, its success rate were 80% in male patients, and 88.5% in female patients, so this therapy is rather more effective in female patients. According to the body weight, the success rate were 85.8% in normal weight patients, and 71.5% in over- weight patients, so this therapy is more effective in normal weight patients. Comparisons according to other factors, such as age, marriage state etc. shows no definite differences. Conclusively, I think that auricular reflex therapy is easy and useful preventative and treatment method in our usual life. With more investigation, we can apply this method to other musculoskeletal diseases and to the diseases of other systems in the body, I hope so.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 1987

마이크로컴퓨터를 식품가공 공정및 연구에서 자료수집및 제어에 응용하기 위하여 Apple ll 컴퓨터에 접속가능한 접속장치(接續裝置)를 설계 제작하였다. 또한 식품의 여러 공정에 주요한 변수가 되는 온도 및 무게값을 전기적 신호로 감지하는 센서와 A/D변환기(變換器)의 적정 입력전압범위 전환을 위한 증폭회로를 구성하였다. 이들을 연결시켜 필요한 BASIC어(語) 프로그램을 작성하여 식품건조 장치의 온도및 무게값의 측정장치로 활용 가능함을 보였다. 컴퓨터를 응용함으로써 공정자료의 정확성과 신뢰성을 향상시키고 여러가지 공정변수를 다량 수집할 수 있게되고 수집된 많은 자료를 용이하게 저장, 분석할 수 있었다. 본 실험장치에 여러가지 목적에 따라 필요한 측정 센서를 개발하여 부착(附着)함으로 비단 온도와 무게 측정뿐 아니라 제반(諸般)식품(食品)제조 공정과 실험의 자동화에 활용할 수 있는 기초적인 자료를 얻었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권7호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2021

Here we describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (birth weight ≤1,500 g) at 3 years of age in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (NRNJ) database in the past decade and review the methodological issues identified in follow-up studies. The follow-up protocol for children at 3 years of chronological age in the NRNJ consists of physical and comprehensive neurodevelopmental assessments in each participating center. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)-moderate to severe neurological disability-is defined as cerebral palsy (CP) with a Gross Motor Function Classification System score ≥2, visual impairment such as uni- or bilateral blindness, hearing impairment requiring hearing amplification, or cognitive impairment with a developmental quotient (DQ) of Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development score <70 or judgment as delayed by pediatricians. We used death or NDI as an unfavorable outcome in all study subjects and NDI in survivors using number of assessed infants as the denominator. Follow-up data were collected from 49% of survivors in the database. Infants with follow-up data had lower birth weights and were of younger gestational age than those without follow-up data. Mortality rates of 40,728 VLBW infants born between 2003 and 2012 were 8.2% before discharge and 0.7% after discharge. The impairment rates in the assessed infants were 7.1% for CP, 1.8% for blindness, 0.9% for hearing impairment, 15.9% for a DQ <70, and 19.1% for NDI. The mortality or NDI rate in all study subjects, including infants without follow-up data, was 17.4%, while that in the subjects with outcome data was 32.5%. The NRNJ follow-up study results suggested that children born with a VLBW remained at high risk of NDI in early childhood. It is important to establish a network follow-up protocol and complete assessments with fewer dropouts to enable clarification of the outcomes of registered infants.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.572-586
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• 2022

본 연구는 미숙아의 체중을 추적 조사하여 성장곡선 체중 z-score 값으로 성장 상태를 확인하고 관련 요인을 탐색하기 위한 종단적 연구이다. 출생 체중, 재태연령, 출생 시 NICU에서의 의료적 처치 (CPR, 산소치료, 위장관 삽관), NICU 입원 기간 및 퇴원연령, 수유 문제, 일일 추정 수유량이 체중 성장에 유의하게 영향을 가지는 것이 확인되었다. 출생 체중과 연령이 적은 그룹이 유의하게 초기 성장 정도가 더 낮았으나 교정연령 3개월 이후부터 12개월까지의 체중에 차이가 없었다. 하지만 재태연령 40주 이후의 연령-체중 z-score가 평균 이하인 그룹이 출생 체중이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 보아 장기적인 성장에 출생체중이 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다. 또한 NICU에서 의료적 처치를 받고 NICU 입원 기간이 긴 경우 성장곡선의 50 백분율 이하로 성장에 유의한 차이가 있었고, 퇴원 후 2개월간 수유과정 중 문제가 없으며 더 많은 양을 섭취한 그룹이 성장곡선에서 더 상위에 있었으며 더 잘 자랐다. 또한 NICU 퇴원 후 가정에서 자녀가 초기보다 하향 성장을 하고 있을 때, 외부의 도움 및 커뮤니티 케어를 필요로 하므로 미숙아 성장 지원을 위하여 커뮤니티 케어 도입의 필요성을 시사하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여 미숙아의 출생 체중 및 연령, NICU에서의 처치는 초기의 체중 성장에 영향을 끼치며, 재태연령 40주 이후의 성장 증진과 성장지연 위험을 감소시키기 위해서 올바른 섭취를 통한 원활한 영양공급이 중요함을 알 수 있다. 미숙아 성장 추적은 NICU 퇴원 후에도 지속되어야 하며 성장 증진 관련 변수, 특히 영양 지원에 적극적인 개입과 지지가 필요하다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 1998

This study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations on egg weight and egg compositional traits for breeding plan and selection in Korean native chicken. Data analyzed were the records of 46,908 eggs from 430 layers produced from 180 dam and 26 sire families, from April, 1994 to September, 1995. On egg weight and egg compositional traits at 1st egg, 300 and 500 days of age, the egg weights were 41.489, 49.544 and 52.770g ; the albumin weights were 25.953, 29.979 and 31.288g; the yolk weights were 11.091, 14.541 and 16.368g; shell weights were 4.472, 5.037 and 5.099g, respectively. The estimates of heritability of egg weights and egg compositional traits based on the variance of sires, dams and combined components at 300 days of age were 0.214, 0.226 and 0.720 for egg weight ; 0.307, 0.152 and 0.730 for albumin weight ; 0.124, 0.953 and 0.699 for yolk weight ; 0.047, 0.026 and 0.536 for shell weight. The genetic correlation coefficient between egg weight and albumen weight was 0.083~0.951 ; 0.310~0.507 between egg weight and yolk weight ; 0.242~0.523 between egg weight and shell weight ; 0. 237~0. 413 between albumen weight and yolk weight ; 0.232~0.449 between albumen weight and shell weight ; -0.264~0.239 between yolk weight and shell weight, respectively.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation of gestational age and birth weight with weight gain of very low birth weight infants(VLBWI) during their hospital stay. Method: This is a 5 year retrospective study of which data were collected through review of medical records. Subjects were 124 VLBW infants with a birth weight more than 1000g and less than 1500g who received neonatal intensive care at the university hospital between January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2001. Result: After calculating the z scores of birth weights and discharge weights, z scores of discharge weight and birth weight were compared with the median weight of a fetus of comparable gestational age based on an intrauterine growth reference. There was a significant difference between z scores of birth weight and discharge weight(t=11.60, df=122, p=0.000). Regardless of intensive care during the prolonged hospital stay, VLBW infants showed slow growth rate compared with the median weight of a fetus of comparable gestational age. Conclusion: VLBW infants developed a poor velocity of weight gain during the prolonged hospital stay after birth. The development worsened during the period of physiological weight loss and regain, and they did not reach to comparable growth rate of normal fetus even at the time of discharge. This poor growth velocity of VLBW infants influence negatively for their future growth. Therefore nureses who work at the neonatal intensive care unit must develop an effective nursing intervention protocol to promote the velocity of weight gain and to conduct the parental educational sessions to emphasize the importance of weight gain for VLBW infants at home.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.628-638
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Numerous school-based weight control programs have been initiated for weight loss among adolescents. However, the relationship between these programs and inappropriate weight control efforts, dietary habits and behavior of students, have not been investigated sufficiently. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) of adolescents, and their health status and inappropriate weight-control efforts. We further examined the relationship between attendance to school-based weight-control programs and attempting inappropriate weight-control efforts, dietary habits, and behavior. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey of 1,742 students was conducted in Korea. Logistic regression was used to assess differences in the health status (grouped by BMI and improper weight control) and dietary habits, based on attendance to the weight-control programs. RESULTS: Obese students were significantly more dissatisfied with physical, mental and spiritual health. Students who attended weight-control programs were likely to be underweight (P < 0.001), whereas those who did not attend weight-control programs were likely to attempt weight control improperly (P < 0.001). Students who participated in the program also had relatively healthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.027), and students who did not attend had comparatively unhealthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.008). Students who attended weight-control programs were likely to be underweight (P < 0.001) with relatively healthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.027), whereas students who did not attend the programs were likely to attempt weight control improperly (P < 0.001) and had comparatively unhealthy dietary habits (P < 0.001-0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Attending school-based weight-control programs was significantly associated with not attempting inappropriate weight-control efforts, as well as following healthy dietary habits. Our data indicates that offering school-based weight-control programs is valuable to student health, and is anticipated to reducing the public health burden.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.729-732
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• 2000

Weight records from birth to calving and calving scores of 407 two-year old heifers and weights of their offspring from birth to one year of age were used to study the effects of sire birth weight on maternal traits of their female progeny. The heifers (G1) were the progeny of 81 sires (G0) and were classified into three classes based on their sires' birth weights (High, Medium and Low). The heifers were from three distinct breed-groups and were mated to bulls with medium birth weights within each breed-group to produce the second generation (G2). The data were analyzed using a covariance model. The female progeny of high birth-weight sires were heavier from birth to calving than those sired by medium and low birth-weight bulls. The effect of sire birth weight on calving difficulty scores of their female progeny was not significant. Grand progeny (G2) of low birth-weight sires were lighter at birth than those from high birth-weight sires (p<0.05) but they did not differ significantly in weaning and yearling weights with the other two Grand progeny groups. The results indicated that using low birth weight sires would not result in an increase in the incidence of dystocia among their female progeny calving at two-year of age and would not have an adverse effect on weaning and yearling weights of their grand progeny.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.317-330
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• 2018

We develop a mathematical model for the obesity dynamics to investigate the long term obesity trend with the consideration of psychological and social factors due to the increasing prevalence of obesity around the world. Many mathematical models for obesity dynamics adopted the modeling idea of infectious disease and treated overweight and obese people infectious and spreading obesity to normal weight. However, this modeling idea is not proper in obesity modeling because obesity is not an infectious disease. In fact, weight gain and loss are related to social interactions among different weight groups not only in the direction from overweight/obese to normal weight but also the other way around. Thus, we consider these aspects in our model and implement personal weight gain feature, a psychological factor such as body image dissatisfaction, and social interactions such as positive support on weight loss and negative criticism on weight status from various weight groups. We show that the equilibrium point with no normal weight population will be unstable and that an equilibrium point with positive normal weight population should have all other components positive. We conduct computer simulations on Korean demography data with our model and demonstrate the long term obesity trend of Korean male as an example of the use of our model.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2010

Background: This study investigated effective posture for gluteus medius rehabilitation training and effects of isometric muscle activity by electrophysiology through EMG while performing dynamic isotonic behavior of weight placed differently on upper limbs. Method: 16 healthy male subjects 20 to 29 years of age volunteered for the study. Lateral stabilizer right gluteus medius activity was assessed using EMG while the right lower extremity maintains single limb support, and the left upper extremity elevation movement maintains 5 seconds without load, 1RM to 1 repetition, 5RM to 5 times, 10RM to 10 times, 5RM and 10RM maintain 5sec. Results: Comparison of the mean value of EMG data showed a statistically more significant difference in upper extremity elevation movement on opposite upper extremity added weight than one that was not added on a single limb weight bearing posture(p>.05). Weight supported side gluteus medius activity for 1RM, 5RM, 10RM weight difference and movement repetition did not differ(p>.05). Comparison in maximum value showed statistically significant differences in not adding weight on upper limb elevation exercise and 1RM, 5RM, 10RM repeated behavior. Elevation behavior and repetition appeared over 70% of MVIC. Conclusion: Unilateral weight bearing stance added weight in the opposite upper limb elevation movement was an indirect exercise to effectively stimulate gluteus medius activity. Applying various added weight will have effective exercise on the early stages of rehabilitation because activity gluteus medius did not differ through added weight.