• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.733-742
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• 2014

This study investigated the degree of inconvenience in existing ready-made clothes and clothing preferences through a survey of 197 wheelchair-bound males in order to provide preliminary data for the development of a suit that considers the physical characteristics and requirements of the disabled in wheelchairs for improved quality of living and positive interpersonal relations. Among the survey respondents, the 30s to 40s age group was the largest at 71.6%. The most common type of disability was myelopathy at 72.6%. Also 59.9% of respondents had a job and ongoing external and social activities. As for the duration of wheelchair use, 10-20 years was the longest at 40.6%. It was found from the survey that respondents felt inconvenienced with existing clothes and changing pants was most inconvenient. Most experienced having their clothes altered due to the difficulty in finding well-fitting ones; consequently, the length of pants was the most altered item because pants are based on the size of a standing man and there exists a discrepancy in length due to the atrophy of the legs of the disabled. They preferred one style in general for clothing preferences as well as common design and details as well. However, they preferred a style with a short front and long back due to a discomfort in jacket length. A short length was the most complained about pants item.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.477-486
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• 2011

In this paper, I had tried to analyze the relationship between the time assigned for computer usage and weakening eyesight. First of all, students classified by gender, school year, eyesight, and wearing glasses along demographic characters took part in a poll, and The questionnaire included questions about computer time, factors of weakening eyesight, and purpose of computer use. The finding in this analysis composed of a cross-tabulations between annual eyesight change and the factors to change their eyesight is that 63.6 % of 165 students participated in this survey weakened their eyesight within a year. To show a correlation between computer usage duration and worsening eyesight in this paper, regression analysis indicated weakened vision by computer usage duration per day and week instead of a year. In addition, according to the analysis between computer usage duration and weakened vision for the people who wear glasses or not trough Independent-Samples T test, weakened vision was shown in computer usage duration per day and week, but not shown in the duration by the year. Therefore, weakening vision was also worse for the people who didn't wear glasses than the others. This study indicated 24..5% of teenagers had poor eyesight by using their computer. According to the frequency analysis on purposes of computer usage, the biggest purpose accounting for 36.4% of the total was the computer usage as a game consol, and the computer as a learning tool was the next biggest purpose at 32.1%. This paper showed the correlation between computer usage time and a factor of weakened eyesight through an analysis of the factor. Therefore, schoolchildren's parents should be more interested in their computer usage.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.553-560
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• 2018

Purpose : To investigate a disposal method of disposing contact lenses and the recognition of environmental pollution by micro plastics which may be caused by the wrong disposal method of domestic contact lens wearers. Methods : Two hundred sixty one adults(124 males, 137 females, mean age $21.48{\pm}3.14years$) were participated in this study. They were given the questionnaire survey on contact lenses purchasing place, type of contact lenses, duration of wearing contact lenses, the disposal method of disposing contact lenses and the recognition of the occurrence of environmental pollution. Results : It appeared that eyeglass shop(50.0%) and contact lens shop(48.3%) were the main purchasing places, and the most common type of contact lenses were disposable lenses(38.5%) and daily wearing lenses(52.5%). On the duration of wearing contact lenses they answered more than 5 years(29.3%), less than 1 year (26.0%), less than 1 year to less than 3 years (26.0%), and on wearing a contact lens during a week they did 1-2 days (32.0%), 1 week (28.0%), 5-6 days (22.4%) and 3-4 days (17.6%). It was shown "no(78.3%)" and "yes(21.7%)" to the questionnaire of whether they received information or education about a disposal method at the place where the contact lens was purchased, and "no(87.5%)" and "yes(12.5%)" to the questionnaire of whether they received information or education from schools, public institutions or public media such as the internet. As for the disposal methods, landfill waste(45.6%), recycled garbage(29.6%), and drainage(16.8%) from the sink or toilet responded in order. Although men were more educated and informed about disposal than women (t=3.63189, p<0.00001), women were more aware of environmental pollution(t=2.44269, p=0.01605). Conclusion : In order to reduce the environmental pollution issue caused by the contact lens which does not decompose at the sewage treatment facility and become micro plastics, it is urgent to provide information about correct disposal methods after using contact lenses and to educate contact lens wearers.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.237-245
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• 2011

Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate whether certain repeated physical and/or chemical stimuli added on ophthalmic lenses might induce any changes of the functions of lens coatings. Methods: The changes in lens surface, light transmittance, foggy duration, durability of ophthalmic lenses were determined after the application of tearing-off with tape, rubbing with acetone, soaking in acetone or distilled water of ophthalmic lens (CR-39 material) as physical and/or chemical stimuli. Results: The change of ophthalmic lens surface was detected after soaking in acetone for longer than 30 minutes by observing the lens surface to figure out the functional change of hard coating. The ophthalmic lens soaked in distilled water for 180 minutes showed little functional change of anti-reflection coating as 1% by measuring light transmittance of lens. However, the function of anti-reflection coating was almost disappeared after the ophthalmic lens was soaked in acetone for 60 minutes. The foggy duration of ophthalmic lens soaked in acetone was increased by estimating foggy duration of lens. The lens coating was shown to be defected when the pre-damaged ophthalmic lenses were torn off with tape, rubbed with acetone and soaked in distilled water or acetone by observing pre-damaged lens surface to evaluate its durability. Conclusions: The careful management during ophthalmic lens dispensing or usual eyeglass wearing is needed since the change in ophthalmic lens coatings was shown by repeated physical and/or chemical stimuli.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.9-19
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• 2003

Bonneh, Cooperman and Sagi (2001) reported that when a global moving pattern was superimposed on high-contrast stationary stimuli, the latter disappeared and reappeared alternatively for periods of several seconds. They named this as motion-induced-blindness. In present research a rotating transparent cylinder composed of white dots was superimposed on a stationary green dots. When observers watched these stimuli wearing a red filter on his/her right eye, the stationary green dots disappeared or reappeared as did in Bonneh et al. The new MIB was observed only when the cylinder rotated and observers weared a red filter. As the luminance contrast of the green dots and that of white dots against the background reduced, and as the number of green dots and white dots decreased, the duration of MIB reduced. Also, the relative depth of the rotating cylinder and the stationary green dots affected the duration of MIB. These results imply that the new MIB is different from the MIB which was observed by Bonneh et al and that the new MIB cannot be explained by binocular rivalry. Further more, the results imply that the later stage of visual information processing is involved in the new MIB.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.42
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• pp.11.1-11.8
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• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the skeletal stability of two-jaw surgery via surgery-first approach with conventional two-jaw surgery in facial asymmetry patients by measuring the skeletal changes after surgery from a three-dimensional analysis. From January 2010 to January 2014, 40 patients with facial asymmetry who underwent two-jaw surgery in Pusan National University Hospital were included in this study. They were classified into experimental group (n = 20) who underwent two-jaw surgery via surgery-first approach and control group (n = 20) who underwent conventional two-jaw surgery. After selection of 24 landmarks and the construction of horizontal and sagittal, coronal reference planes, changes in 10 linear measurements and 2 angular measurements were compared between the surgery-first approach and conventional groups in the preoperative, immediate postoperative, and postoperative periods. The paired t test and Student t test were used for statistical analysis. The mean and standard deviation of the measurement were calculated for the experimental and control groups. Results: The statistical analysis showed that changes in skeletal measurements were similar between the surgery-first approach and conventional groups, according to each period. However, U1-SRP measurement showed statistically significant changes in surgery-first approach groups at postsurgical change (T1 to T2). Also, the mean treatment duration in the treatment group was 15.9 ± 5.48 months whereas that in the control group was 32.9 ± 14.05 months. Conclusion: In facial asymmetry patients, similar results were observed in the postoperative skeletal stability when 2-jaw surgery via surgery-first approach was compared with conventional 2-jaw surgery. However, significant lateral deviation of upper incisor midline was observed. In addition, a shorter average treatment duration was observed. To stabilize the unstable occlusion after surgery, increased wearing of the stent and proactive rubber guidance will be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2008

The characteristics of temperature profile around human body with heating life vest at sea were investigated in this paper. Especially, the temperature profile of human body was numerically calculated by finite difference method with Mathcad. The main parameters were seasonal mean sea water temperature, heating amount and heating duration time of heating life vest. In this paper, the boundary layer was composed by the difference matters, and the thermal conductivity was calculated with an adjacent cells using thermal resistance method. It was clarified that the body temperature was kept highly and the risk of death from hypothermia was reduced by wearing heating life vest.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.378-385
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• 2023

The importance of wearing respiratory protective equipment has been highlighted even more during the COVID-19 pandemic. Even if the suitability of respiratory protection has been confirmed through testing in a laboratory environment, there remains the potential for leakage points in the respirators due to improper application by the wearer, damage to the equipment, or sudden movements in real working conditions. In this paper, we propose a method to detect the occurrence of leak holes by measuring the pressure changes inside the mask according to the wearer's breathing activity by attaching an IoT sensor to a full-face respirator. We designed 9 experimental scenarios by adjusting the degree of leak holes of the respirator and the breathing cycle time, and acquired respiratory data for the wearer of the respirator accordingly. Additionally, we analyzed the respiratory data to identify the duration and pressure change range for each breath, utilizing this data to train a neural network model for detecting leak holes in the respirator. The experimental results applying the developed neural network model showed a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 94.29%, and accuracy of 97.53%. We conclude that the effective detection of leak holes can be achieved by incorporating affordable, small-sized IoT sensors into respiratory protective equipment.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.102-108
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• 2017

Purpose: Many metal ions released from dental casting alloys have been reported to influence the intraoral symptoms of oral lichen planus (OLP) and burning mouth syndrome (BMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between salivary metal ion levels and the prosthetic duration as well as to evaluate the time-dependent morbid effects of metal ions in OLP and BMS patients. Methods: Three study groups consist of the following subjects respectively: 17 OLP patients, 12 BMS patients, and 12 patients without oral symptoms. The salivary concentrations of 13 metal ions (copper, cobalt, zinc, chromium, nickel, aluminum, silver, iron, titanium [Ti], platinum, tin, palladium, and gold) were measured by Laser Ablation Microprobe Inductively coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Results: The Ti ions had statistically significant differences among the groups with a prosthetic duration of less than 5 years. There were no significant differences between all ion levels among the groups wearing dental cast alloys for over 5 years. In the BMS group, the level of Ti ions in patients with prosthetic restorations less than 5 years old were significantly high (p<0.05). Conclusions: In the BMS group, 3-60 months during which salivary Ti levels were higher were matched with the duration of burning symptoms ($15.6{\pm}17.1months$). Furthermore, Ti ions were statistically high in the oral cavity of BMS patients fitted with dental casting alloys for 5 years. These results suggest that Ti ions released from dental implants and oral prostheses could attribute to burning sensation of BMS.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

Vertical facial growth triggers the rotation of mandible to move the chin point to the downward and backward direction, which showed remarkably effective result making the less prominent chin. Recently, the intraoral removable appliance utilizing class III elastic demonstrated the vertical growth trigger mechanism. The treatment change was very fast and wearing was quite easy, compared to extraoral appliances. The purpose of this study was to verify the duration of the treatment on class III malocclusion using intraoral removable appliances, which designed to accelerate vertical facial growth. 56 patients were selected with the complaint of the protruded mandible and class III malocclusion (overjet : -3 - 0 mm, overbite : 0 - 4 mm). Information like; age at start, duration of the treatment events, type of the treatment, overjet, overbite etc. was collected and calculated. The average age of the patients delivering the initial brace was $8.75{\pm}1.10year$. Most of the anterior crossbite was resolved within 6 months. The total treatment period was $21.79{\pm}10.73months$ with the additional procedures like the alignment of anterior teeth and torque control using additional removable and fixed orthodontic appliances. The correlation study showed that patient's cooperation (p = 0.000) and the use of fixed appliance (p = 0.032) were significantly influenced on treatment duration.