• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.278-287
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of ethanol (EtAS), ethyl acetate (EAAS) and aqueous (AQAS) extracts of Argyreia speciosa (AS) roots against Isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats. The animals were exposed to isoproterenol (200 mg/kg. s.c) twice at an interval of 24 hrs. Cardioprotective effect was assessed by observing ECG parameters, serum marker enzymes and histopathology of the heart. Pretreatment of EAAS, and EtAS (200 mg/kg) resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) increase in P wave, QRS complex and R-R interval, whereas heart rate, QT interval and cardiac cycle were maintained near to normal values. EtAS and EAAS showed significant (P < 0.05; P < 0.001) reduction in all the tested diagnostic markers compared to ISO treated group. Histological studies on the structural changes of heart tissue supported the protective activity of AS. The result suggest that treatment of AS prior to ISO has a significant role in protecting the animals from ISO induced myocardial infarction.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 1995

The coating condition of reproducible anti-reflective coating film and the light transmittance characteristics of the prepared anti-reflective coating glass were investigated as a study for the preparation of single-layer anti-reflective coating glasss. In case of coating with the sol in which the solvent was substituted with the ethanol with the addition of 0.1 mol HNO3, the coated glass showed the minimum value of the refractive index of 1.464, light transmittance of 94.2% at 550nm standard wavelength which is 3.2% higher than that of the parent glass, and the reflectance in the entire wave range of visible light. The refractive index represented its minimum at the sol concentration of 1.0 mol per 100mols of water and the higher the sol concentration, the higher the refractive index, resulting in the decrease of the light transmitance. The production condition of the reproducible anti-reflective coating on glass with the maximum transmittance of 94.2% was 4cm/min of withdrawal speed, 40$0^{\circ}C$ and 1 hour of heat treatment temperature and time, resulting in the film thickness of 94nm.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.326-334
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• 2010

In this study, we provide a comprehensive review of the CIP(Constrained Interpolation Pro file/Cubic Interpolated Propagation) method with a pressure-based algorithm that is known as a general numerical solver for soled liquid, gas and plasmas. And also we introduce a body-fitted grid system(Soroban grid) for computation of strongly nonlinear marine hydrodynamic problems such as slamming water on deck, wave impact by green water. This grid system can keep the third-order accuracy in time and space with the help of the CIP method. The grid system consists of the straight lines and grid points. In the 2-dimensional grid case, each grid points moving in these lines like abacus - Soroban in Japanese. The length of each line can be different and the number of grid points in each line can be different. Mesh generation and searching of upstream departure point are very simple and possible to mesh-free treatment. To optimize computation of free-surface and multi-fluid flows, We adopt the C-CUP method. In most of the earlier computations, the C-CUP method was used with a staggered-grid approach. Here, because of the mesh free nature of the Soroban grid, we use the C-CUP method with a collocated-grid approach.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.24-32
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• 2007

Laser surface hardening is beneficially used for surface treatment of structural steel. Due to very rapid heating and cooling rates, structural low-alloy steel(SCM4) can be hardened as self quenching. The aim of this research project is to improve the influence of the process laser parameters: laser power, spot size, surface roughness, and traverse speed. The laser beam is allowed to scan on the surface of the workpiece at the constant power(1095W), varying the traverse speed at 0.3m/min, 0.5m/min and 0.8m/min. The optical lens with the elliptical profile is designed to obtain a wide surface hardening area with uniform hardness. From the results of the experiment, it has been shown that the stable hardness is about 600$\sim$700Hv, when the laser power, focal position and the traverse speed are P=1095W, z=0mm and v=0.3m/min.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1989

Forty two patients with chronic constrictive pericarditis, who were admitted to the Yonsei University College of medicine over a period of 18 years from January, 1970 to August, 1988, were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age of the patient was 33.5 year ranging from 6.8 to 60 years old. Male to female ratio was 1.3 to 1. Twenty-one cases [50%] were tuberculous origin [based on either associated pulmonary tuberculosis and/or caseous necrosis in thickened pericardial specimen] and 17 cases [40.5%] were idiopathic [non specific chronic inflammatory change was considered to be idiopathic]. Dyspnea on exertion was evident in 30 cases [71.4%] and abdominal distention in 21 cases [50%]. On physical examination, hepatomegaly [83.3%], neck vein distention [54.8%], distant heart sound [47.6%] and ascites were found. Thirty-nine patients showed low voltage of QRS and/or T wave flattening or inversion on EKG. Thirty-one cases had undergone cardiac catheterization which showed data compatible with chronic constrictive pericarditis. Midsternostomy group [n=15] had shown the most remarkable CVP decline [12.20 mmHg] as compared with bilateral submammary incision group [n=25, 8.96 mmHg] and left thoracotomy group [n=2, 7.75 mmHg] but difference was not significant statistically There was four early death among 42 patients [9.5%] including 3 cases of left ventricular failure and one cardiac tamponade. Main postoperative complications were wound infection [6 cases] and arrhythmia [3 cases]. Follow-up of 24 patients [mean; 55.3 months, ranging from 2 months to 155 months] revealed good functional status.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2010

The clinical picture in severe cases of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza is markedly different from the disease pattern seen during the epidemics of seasonal influenza as many of those affected were previously healthy young people. Current predictions estimate that during a pandemic wave, 12~30% of the population will develop clinical influenza (compared with 5~15% for seasonal influenza) with 4% of those patients requiring hospital admissions and one in five requiring critical care. Until July 6, 94,512 people have been infected in 122 countries, of whom 429 have died with an overall case-fatality rate of <0.5%. Most of the confirmed cases of S-OIV (Swine-Origin Influenza A Virus) infection have been characterized by a self-limited, uncomplicated febrile respiratory illness and 38% of the cases have also included vomiting or diarrhea. Efforts to control these outbreaks are based on our understanding of novel S-OIV (Swine-Origin Influenza A Virus) and the previous influenza pandemics. So, this review covers the experience with S-OIV (Swine-Origin Influenza A Virus) for the admission and background data and the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of H1N1 in pediatric patient with S-OIV (Swine-Origin Influenza A Virus) at YUMC, 2009.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2010

The general way to process the surface by means of the laser was heat treatment for strengthening the surface hardness. They have used the laser for changing the property of the surface, especially for metal. Generally, it is recent increasing tendency to use the thin plate panel for making things smaller and lightweight. However, thin plate should be strengthened or let the thin plate panel have moment of inertia by means of engraving the groove or wave on them for lightweight and strengthening. Therefore it is expected that the thin plate panel can be harder and more stable through processing the metal surface by laser beam irradiation and the hardness of thin plate possibly can be also changed how many parts of them are harden. Through this research, it can be grasped how the hardness and mechanical characteristic changes according to width and depth of groove by laser affect the max stress by the ratio of $A_H/A_T$ (hardening area/total area) and characteristic of displacement and structural characteristic for making the thin plate harder by the strengthening metal surface of thin plate by laser through the experiment and analysis of FEA can be presented.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2007

Biological samples can be fixed either by chemical method by using chemical solution or physical methods by using heat treatment. The problem in traditional heat fixation is unsatisfactory quality due to uneven heat conduction in specimen and loss of inner cell contents. Chemical fixation method also bears several intrinsic problems like the limit in specimen size, time consumption in fixative impregnation, and loss of low molecular weight cell components. These factors deteriorate the quality of fixed specimen, thus limit the magnification and contrast of tissue pictures. Microwave heat has been reported to be a good alternative to current chemical methods to overcome these problem. In this study, we tried to introduce the microwave energy method to routine fixation work in hospital. We replaced chemical fixative with saline to provide moderate reaction condition, and used frozen section to reduce time for sample preparation. Temperature was measured at each experiment. The fixation of rat kidney tissue with 2.45 GHz electromagnetic wave and saline showed similar result to the control group fixed with traditional chemical method. Human tumor tissue fixed with 2.45 GHz electromagnetic in frozen section was improved in terms of histochemistry of PAS and immunohistochemistry of tumor marker like cytokeratin. Total turnaround time was reduced from $24\sim38$ h to to $2\sim4$ h. In conclusion, the quality of samples prepared by microwave heating method was at least as good as that of traditional method. If the condition for the fixation of different specimens is standardized, this new method could be applied to routine work in hospital, and could save working time as well.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.235-238
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• 1996

Hyperhidrosis is the distressing condition of abnormal sweating which affects the palm, sole and axillary region. Transthoracic endoscopic sympathectomy is recommended as the treatment of choice for hyperhidrosis, especially when the upper limbs are affected. We experienced a case of accidental cauterization of right azygos vein in a healthy 23 year old male during endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy. We changed the single lumen endotracheal tube to a double lumen tube which made it easier to perform the explo-thoracotomy and bleeder ligation under one lung ventilation. Crystalloid and colloid solutions, and packed RBC were loaded during explo-thoracotomy. Monitoring showed the signs indicating pulmonary edema. Pulmonary arterial catheterization revealed global heart failure. The patient was transfered to ICU for intensive management for heart failure. On the 4th postoperative day, pulmonary edema and heart failure were cured; and the patient was extubated. But in the evening of the same day ST-segment elevation and Q-wave were noted on ECG monitoring. On the 13th postoperative day coronary angiography was performed. This revealed left apex focal hypokinesia, patent coronary artery and accidental right coronary spasm, treated by vasodilator. On the 14 day, after surgery, he was discharged to return to work.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2010

Thick films of carbon fiber were prepared by a heating element of plan shape made in Darin co., We have investigated surface morphology of the specimen depending on heat-treatment temperatures. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) image of carbon fiber thick films of the specimen heat treated shows a grain growth at $1200^{\circ}C$ and becomes a poly-crystallization at $1350^{\circ}C$. The variation of resistivity at the thermally annealed specimen above $600^{\circ}C$ depends on type of the substrates. It may be due to a variation of film thickness and a difference of interfacial phenomena. A heating element of features was affected significantly by skin blood and quantity of heat of the body physiological function. After radiation of farinfrared for plate heating element, the function of biometric physiological is considered of skin blood flow and calorie which greatly affects on individuals. Electromagnetic wave was not influence on the body.