• Advances in nano research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.207-223
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• 2015

Nanotechnology is considered the most important technological advancement in recent years, and it is utilized in all industries due to its potential applications. Almost all of the industries (food, agriculture, medicine, automotive, information and communication technologies, energy, textile, construction, etc.) reorganize their future in the light of nanotechnological developments. As the most important source of income of countries, the agriculture industry increases the use of nanotechnology products gradually as a solution to the problems encountered. Reducing the use of agricultural inputs (pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, etc.) by increasing their efficiency utilizing nano-carriers, detecting the environmental conditions and development of the crops in the field simultaneously by making use of nanosensors, reducing the sample volume and the amount of analyte used thanks to nanoarrays, effective treatment of water resources through nano-filters, accelerating the development of crops by using nanoparticles are the prominent nanotechnological applications in the agriculture industry. This review presents information on the benefits of the recent developments in nanotechnology applications in the agriculture industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.153-159
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• 2002

This experimental study is aimed to increasing the velocity in the sewerage and also development of easy removal method for a corrosion and sand in the flow pipe. And the result by the increasing the out flow per unit time, diameter of sewerage pipe is becoming small size, cut down the construction fee and the same time reducing the tubulent flow pattern in the flow pipe. As a result of detected experimental velocity signal from the probe in the test wall surface, reducing the pump power and increasing the out flow unit time. Apparent water velocity decreases as the value of void ratio increases depends on the varies center of pipe.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2019

Eucommiae Cortex (EC), bark of Eucommia ulmoides, has been known as a traditional medicine to regulate hypertension and immune system. Because silk of gum in the EC blocks the release of active ingredients, EC generally has been utilized after processing with carbonization or salt-water to breakdown it. This study aimed to investigate the differences of non-processed EC and processed EC on antioxidant and anticancer properties. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by measuring the content of total polyphenols, reducing power, and ABTS radical scavenging effect. And anticancer effects were examined by evaluating the viability of pancreatic cancer cells and wound healing ability. The results demonstrated that processed EC contained more content of polyphenols and exhibited more potent reducing power and radical scavenging effect than non-processed EC. In addition, processed EC more efficiently inhibited proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. These results suggest that processing of medicinal plants can improve the biological properties such as antioxidant or anticancer activity, which may lead to the development of herbal medicine treatment technology.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.85 no.4
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• pp.461-468
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• 2023

Edible coatings are one of the most innovative methods to preserve the quality and increase the shelf life of fresh fruits and vegetables. A successful edible coating should have a barrier against gases, especially oxygen and water vapor, and have good surface characteristics. Today, chitosan coating is widely used due to its properties, such as non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatibility. Is. Coating the surface of fruits and vegetables with chitosan increases shelf life due to reducing weight loss and reducing respiration rate and also reduces decay due to its antimicrobial and anti-fungal effect. This work discusses the effect of using chitosan coating containing chamomile extract to increase fresh vegetables'shelf life. In addition to increasing the shelf life of vegetables, this method can be used as a solution for the economic management of human resources. The results of this method confirm the successful synthesis of these nanoparticles, and the results of applying this food coating on vegetables have been successful. They have increased the shelf life of vegetables such as basil and spinach.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

The application of multi-variable adaptive regression spline (MARS) in predicting he long-term compressive strength of a concrete with various admixtures has been investigated in this study. The compressive strength of concrete specimens, which were made based on 24 different mix designs using various mineral and chemical admixtures in different curing ages have been obtained. First, The values of fly ash (FA), micro-silica (MS), water-reducing admixture (WRA), coarse and fine aggregates, cement, water, age of samples and compressive strength were defined as inputs to the model, and MARS analysis was used to model the compressive strength of concrete and to evaluate the most important parameters affecting the estimation of compressive strength of the concrete. Next, the proposed equation by the MARS method using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been optimized to have more efficient equation from the economical point of view. The proposed model in this study predicted the compressive strength of the concrete with various admixtures with a correlation coefficient of R=0.958 rather than the measured compressive strengths within the laboratory. The final model reduced the production cost and provided compressive strength by reducing the WRA and increasing the FA and curing days, simultaneously. It was also found that due to the use of the liquid membrane-forming compounds (LMFC) for its lower cost than water spraying method (SWM) and also for the longer operating time of the LMFC having positive mechanical effects on the final concrete, the final product had lower cost and better mechanical properties.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: An intensive farming system may be of the most important source for agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution, which is a major concern for agricultural water management in South Korea. Various management practices have therefore been applied to reduce NPS loads from upland fields. This study presents performances of sediment trap for reducing NPS and soil loss from rainfall runoff in cropland. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 2018 and 2019, three sediment traps (L1.5 m × W1.0 m × D0.5 m = 0.75 ㎥) and their controls were established in the end of sloped (ca. 3%) upland field planted with maize crops. Over the seasons, runoff water was monitored, collected, and analyzed at every runoff. Soils deposited in sediment traps were collected and weighed at the season end. Sediment traps reduced runoff amount (p<0.05) and NPS concentrations, though the decreased NPS concentrations were not always statistically significant. In addition, sediment traps had a significant prevention effect on soil loss from rainfall runoff in a sloped cropland. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the sediment trap could be a powerful and the best management practice to reduce NPS pollution and soil loss in a sloped upland field.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2000

This research investigates experimentally an effect on the properties of the high flowing concrete to be poured in the under-ground slurry wall of Inchon LNG receiving terminal(#213,214-TK) according to variations of concrete materials. Variables for sensitivity test were selected items as followings. 1) Concrete temperature (3cases), 2) Unit water (5cases), 3) Fineness modulus of fine aggregate (5cases), 4) Particle size of lime stone powder (3cases), 5) Replacement ratio of blast-furnace slag (4cases) and 6) Addition ratio of high range water reducing agent (5cases). And fresh conditions of the super flowing concrete should be satisfied with required range including slump flow(65$\pm$5cm), 50cm reaching time of flow(4~10sec), V-lot flowing time(10~ 20sec), U-box height(min. 300mm) and air content(4$\pm$1%). As results for sensitivity test, considered flow-ability, self-compaction and segregation resistance of the high flowing concrete, material variations and conditions of fresh concrete should be satisfied with the range as follwings. 1) Concrete temperature are 10~2$0^{\circ}C$(below 3$0^{\circ}C$), 2) Surface moisture of fine aggregate is within $\pm$ 0.6%, 3) Fineness modulus of fine aggregate is 2.6$\pm$0.2, 4)Replacement ratio of blast-furnace slag is 45~50% and 5) Addition ratio of high range water reducing agent is within 1%. Based on the specification for quality control, we successfully finished concrete pouring on the under-ground slurry wall having 75,000㎥(#213,214-TK) and accumulated real date in site.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.397-402
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• 2009

In Korea, salt stress is one of the major problems limiting crop production and eco-environmental quality in greenhouse soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of organic residues (Chinese milk vetch, maize stalk, rice straw, and rye straw) for reducing salt activity in greenhouse soil. Organic residues was incorporated with salt-accumulated soil (EC, 3.0 dS $m^{-1}$) at the rate of 5% (wt $wt^{-1}$) and the changes of electrical conductivity (EC) was determined weekly for 8 weeks under incubation condition at $30^{\circ}C$. The EC, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and water soluble ions in soil was strongly affected by C/N ratio of organic residues. After 8 weeks incubation, the concentration of water soluble $NO_3{^-},\;Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$ was significantly decreased in organic residues having high C/N ratio (maize stalk, rice straw, and rye straw) incorporated soil compared to organic residues having lower C/N ratio (Chinese milk vetch) incorporated soil. The EC value in Chinese milk vetch incorporated soil was higher than control treatment. In contrast, maize stalk, rice straw, and rye straw amended soil was highly decreased the EC value compared to control and Chinese milk vetch applied soil after 4 weeks incubation. Our results indicated that incorporation of organic residues having high C/N ratio (>30) could reduce salt activity resulting from reducing concentration of water soluble ions.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.295-301
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• 2010

We evaluated the antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory effects of Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies extracted with acetone, methanol, and hot water. The antioxidant activities were tested against $\beta$-carotene-linoleic acid, reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, and ferrous chelating ability. Furthermore, phenolic acid and flavonoid contents were also analyzed. The methanol extract showed the strongest $\beta$-carotene-linoleic acid inhibition as compared to the other exracts. The acetone extract (8 mg/mL) showed a significantly high reducing power of 1.54 than the other extracts. The acetone extract was more effective than other extracts for scavenging on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals. The strongest chelating effect (85.66%) was obtained from the acetone extract at 1.0 mg/mL. The antioxidant activities of the extracts from the P. ostreatus fruiting bodies increased with increasing concentration. A high performance liquid chromatography analysis detected seven phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, naringenin, hesperetin, formononetin, and biochanin-A in an acetonitrile and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (5 : 1) solvent extract. The total phenolic compound concentration was $188{\mu}g$/g. Tyrosinase inhibition of the acetone, methanol, and hot water P. ostreatus extracts increased with increasing concentration. The results revealed that the methanol extract had good tyrosinase inhibitory ability, whereas the acetone and hot water extracts showed moderate activity at the concentrations tested. The results suggested that P. ostreatus may have potential as a natural antioxidant.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2009

Low impact development (LID) technique is relatively new concept to reduce surface runoff and pollutant loading from land cover by attempting to match predevelopment condition with various integrated management practices (IMPs). In this study, computational model for designing and evaluating LID, named LIDMOD, was developed based on SCS-CN method and applied at Andong bus terminal to evaluate LID applicapability and design retention/detention area for volume or peak flow control. LIDMOD simulated with 21 years simulation period that yearly surface runoff by post-development without LID was significantly higher than that with LID showing about 2.8 times and LID could reduce efficiently yearly surface runoff with 75% reduction of increased runoff by conventional post development. LIDMOD designed detention area for volume/peak flow control with 20.2% of total area by hybrid design. LID can also efficiently reduce pollutant load from land cover. Pollutant loads from post-development without LID was much higher than those from pre-development with showing 37 times for BOD, 2 times for TN, and 9 times for TP. Pollutant loads from post-development with LID represented about 57% of those without LID. Increasing groundwater recharge reducing cooling and heating fee, creating green refuge at building area can be considered as additional benefits of LID. At the point of reducing runoff and pollutant load, LID might be important technique for Korean TMDL and LIDMOD can be useful tool to calculate unit load for the case of LID application.