• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-101
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• 2001

This paper investigates the effectiveness of quick lime piles for soft ground improvement. The field tests based on the results of the laboratory test were performed, and the results of field tests were compared with those of numerical analyses(FEM). The results of the field test showed that the domestic quick lime was very effective in reducing the water contents of the surrounding ground quickly due to its characteristics such as digestion, absorption, and exothermic reactions. Accordingly, consolidation occurred without any additional load increment and the shear strength of surrounding ground was increased more than twice. Therefore the quick lime pile method could be considered as an excellent improvement technique reducing the improvement period for soft ground. For the practical applications of the quick lime pile method, issues such as hydration heat, particulation and equipment enhancement should be solved through continuous research and development.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2010

Method or work type improvement is needed in relation to reducing cost and increasing efficiency by ensuring construction quality and reducing labor in the form work process. This would have a great influence on the entire construction process, and make the process of adopting materials and methods more rational and economic. Hence, this study aimed to develop a Synthetic Resins Euroform that could improve durability, water-proofing, sophistication, and organizational unity through the use of injection modeling. Accordingly, this paper first investigated various performance requirements and necessary techniques, and then verified feasibility by evaluating the physical safety and technical validity when it is applied to construction field. In addition, this study evaluated the constructability, safety performance, environmental performance, and systemic excellence in terms of maintaining convenience of Synthetic Resins Euroform. Moreover, to verify feasibility in the construction field, this study analyzed and evaluated the maximum stress by measuring the load and deformation of the space of the horizontal furring, which is attached to Euroform as an armature.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.367-374
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• 2017

Background: An imbalance in energy intake and expenditure can cause obesity, which is a major risk factor for chronic diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, cancers and hyperlipidemia. Methods and Results: In this study, we evaluated the anti-obesity effects of a water extract from the young leaves of barley sprout (BS) in 3T3-L1 cells and in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (HF). Lipid accumulation measurement indicates that BS markedly inhibited adipogenesis by reducing lipid droplet production in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\gamma}$ and fatty acid synthetase, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-${\alpha}$ and fatty acid binding protein 4 in 3T3-L1 cells was significantly inhibited by BS treatment. In an in vivo test, the BS-administered group of HFD-induced mice showed less body weight gain, and lower liver and epididymal white adipose tissue weights. The BS-treated mice showed decreased serum levels of leptin and lipids compared to untreated HFD mice and the levels of adiponectin and the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio increased. These results indicate that BS inhibits body fat accumulation by reducing the mRNA expression of lipogenesis transcription factors and increasing serum adipokine concentration in in vitro and in vivo tests. Conclusions: BS reduced high fat diet-induced weight gain and had a positive effect on dyslipidemia.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.654-661
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• 2017

Recently, a low-impact development (LID) technic such as a wetland has been proposed as a Nature-friendly process for reducing pollutants caused by livestock wastewater. Therefore, the Daphnia magna toxicity was analyzed for livestock wastewater samples, to determine if a wetland system would also be effective in reducing this ecotoxicity. In the present study, acute D. magna toxicity was not significantly dependent on the presence and type of reed, nor type of media. However, when treated with construction wetlands, ecotoxicities decreased as well as TN, TP and COD concentrations. Therefore, it is considered that a construction wetland system with bio reeds and bio-media as well as general reeds would be effective to reduce the ecotoxicity of livestock wastewater. To apply a wetland system as the subsequent treatment process to a livestock waste water treatment facility, it is necessary to perform an integrated evaluation such as treatment efficiency and the ecotoxicity test for various characteristics of livestock wastewater.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.492-498
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop new food materials by analyzing nutritional components and antioxidant activities of Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum. The highest amount of mineral obtained in C. album was found to be $1.01{\pm}0.07mg$ per 100 g of iron. The total phenolic content in C. album was found to be 3.77~9.57 GAE (gallic acid equivalent) mg/g. The reducing activities of leaves and roots of C. album determined using FRAP (ferric-reducing antioxidant power) were higher in ethanol extracts than water extracts. The ABTS radical scavenging activities of leaves and roots of C. album were $204.29{\pm}4.98{\mu}mol/g$ and $106.96{\pm}2.81{\mu}mol/g$, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was high upon extraction using ethanol (roots $20.71{\pm}0.04{\mu}mol/g$, leaves $71.08{\pm}0.33{\mu}mol/g$). HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in the high fat diet groups supplemented with C. album than the control groups (p<0.05). These results suggest that C. album can be used as a natural antioxidant and a functional dietary supplement.

• Plant Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 2021

In order to increase power plant efficiency, the steam temperature was increased to 610 ℃ which deteriorates the durability of the boiler tube and as the use of low-calorie coal increases the post combustion and delayed combustion phenomenon, the overheating of the final reheater and the tube rupture are becoming frequent. In order to prevent overheating of the final reheater, desuperheater water injection was increased, leading to a decrease in boiler efficiency. In this study install a baffle plate at the back of some overheated tube groups, thereby reduce the temperature of the tube by reducing the amount of combustion gas, and the reduced combustion gas moves to an adjacent place to increase the temperature of other tubes. As a result of the study, the temperature deviation between tubes decreased 1.5. And the heat-reducing injection amount was reduced to 6,929 kg/h and the maximum tube temperature was reduced to 623.4℃ which is 6.6℃ more below than the control standard of 630℃.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.482-489
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• 2018

Background: This study was carried out to determine the physicochemical components of Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) fermented with Rhizopus delemar. Methods and Results: Physicochemical components such as changes in moisture content, pH value, total acidity, amount of reducing sugars as well as quantity of free sugars, free amino acids, and catalpol were investigated. Result showed that, the moisture content ranged from 64.26 to 65.51%. The pH and total acidity of the fermented RG decreased significantly during fermentation. The reducing sugar content ranged from 0.10 to 1.34%. The most abundant main free sugars were identified as raffinose, xylose, glucose, fructose, and sucrose. The sucrose content in 80% ethanol and in water extracts increased during RG fermentation. In total, 26 free amino acids were detected, including seven essential amino acids. In addition, the quantity of free amino acids decreased significantly during fermentation. Finally, the catalpol content of the fermented RG was highest on the $2^{nd}$ day of fermentation at 2,028.67 mg/ 100 g. Conclusions: These results indicated that fermentation of Rhizopus delemar could be used to enhance biological activity, and that fermented RG could be used as a functional material and as an edible resource in food and functional materials industries.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.259-270
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• 2019

Background: Eucommia ulmoides has long been used as an herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes, hypertension and other diseases in many Asian countries. Methods and Results: This study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of its water (EU-DW, and REU-DW) and ethanol (EU-EtOH, and REU-EtOH) extracts, as well as those of non-roasted E. ulmoides (EU) and roasted EU (REU) cortex. The following were assessed in each extract: total phenolic and flavonoid contents, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and nitrite radical scavenging activities, reducing power, DNA damage prevention activity, and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activity. Both EU and REU extracts showed high phenolic and flavonoid content, dose-dependent DPPH radical scavenging capacity, high reducing activity, and considerable DNA damage prevention activity. EU extracts showed remarkable ABTS free radicals scavenging capacity. REU extracts showed a higher radical scavenging capacity and played an important role in inhibiting NO production. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that aqueous and ethanol extracts of EU and REU possess antioxidant capacities, and prevent oxidative damage to DNA, probably owing to their phenolic and flavonoid content. Therefore, EU and REU could be candidates antioxidant supplements.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1591-1602
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• 2019

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant potential of paneer, a soft cheese supplemented with various water soluble date extracts during storage. Further, the whey obtained from all the paneer samples was also investigated for its antioxidant potential. Methods: The date cultivars were evaluated for their physico-chemical characteristics and date extracts were assessed for their antioxidant potential. Physico-chemical evaluation, microbiological quality and further antioxidant potential of the prepared paneer were carried out during storage period (0 to 8 days, $5^{\circ}C$). Results: All the date extracts were found to have considerable antioxidant activity due to presence of total phenolics and flavonoids. Owing to the presence of phenolics and flavoinds in date extracts, supplemented paneer showed higher trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, reducing power and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than control paneer. Paneer supplemented with Rabi extracts had the highest total phenolics ($190.7{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalent/g paneer), DPPH radical scavenging activity ($928.1{\mu}mol$ equivalent of Trolx/g paneer) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ($9.2{\mu}mol$ equivalent of Trolx/g paneer). The whey obtained from control paneer showed lower values of total phenolics, total flavonoids, DPPH, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and reducing power as compared to the values of whey obtained from paneer supplemented with date extracts. Conclusion: Paneer supplemented with date extracts and its whey may offer potent antioxidant activity.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.193-198
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• 2020

In this study, the validity of extracts from food waste as biocatalyst for indigo reduction was examined. Dried food wastes such as apple peel and corn waste were water-extracted and freeze-dried. The reducing power of extracts for indigo was evaluated by the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) measurement of reduction bath and color strength(K/S value) of the fabrics dyed in the indigo reduction bath. Total sugar contents of the apple peel and corn waste extracts were 60.56% and 62.36%, respectively. Antioxidant activity was 64.78% for the extract of apple peel and 7.96% for the extract of corn waste. Indigo reduction took place quickly with both extracts, and maximum color strength was obtained up to 15.91 and 12.11 within 1-3 days, respectively. The oxidation-reduction potential of reduction bath was stabilized in the range of -500 ~ -620 mV according to the kinds of food waste and the extract concentration. At higher concentration of the extracts, reduction power was maintained for longer time and stronger color strength was obtained. Compared to sodium dithionite, the reducing power of the studied extracts was lower, but the reduction stability was superior to it. The studied extracts were effective biocatalyst as biodegradable and safe alternatives to sodium dithionite for indigo reduction.