• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different concentration of ethanol extraction on the total phenol and flavonoid contents and physiological activities. The total phenol content of the extracts ranged from 35.54 to 71.52 mg GAE/g. An increase in the ethanol concentration of the solvent led to an increase in the phenol content, with the highest content being found in the 80 and 99.5% ethanol extract. The same trend was observed for flavonoid content. DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and TEAC, FRAP and ORAC were measured by antioxidant assay. Radical scavenging activity of aqueous ethanol extracts was better than that of water and 99.5% ethanol extracts. TEAC and FRAP were highly dependent on ethanol concentration and ORAC showed high activity in 40 ~ 80% ethanol extract. Antioxidant activity of Dolwoe leaves tea showed different results among the assay systems. In most experiments, the activities of water and 99.5% ethanol extracts was relatively low. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activity and microorganism inhibitory activity were highest in the 80% and 99.5% ethanol extracts. Therefore, it was considered that extraction with 80% ethanol was appropriate when considering the antioxidative and physiological activities of Dolwoe leaves tea. Based on these results, it can be used as a basic data for the development of food of Dolwoe leaves tea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.865-872
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• 2014

In this study, ethanol and hot water extracts of lees from Korean traditional wine (J-B, J-S, J-Y, J-H, and J-W) were prepared, and their effects on blood coagulation, platelet aggregation, and hemolysis of human red blood cells (hRBCs) were investigated to develop functional food ingredients from lees. The pH and brix of the lees ranged from 3.90 to 4.29 and 5.0 to $27.0^{\circ}$, respectively, and there was a huge difference in the water and ethanol content among the lees. The nuruk and additives used affected the color and physicochemical properties of lees. The J-W takju made from only rice and traditional nuruk, which has $13^{\circ}$ brix and 1.8% of alcohol, has potential as functional food ingredient. With regard to the extraction yields of lees, higher yields were obtained from J-H, which contains different medicinal plants, in ethanol, followed by J-W, J-B, J-S, and J-Y. Higher extraction yields of lees were obtained from J-S in hot water, followed by J-B, J-W, J-H, and J-Y, respectively. The ethanol extract of J-H and the hot water extract of J-Y had the highest contents of total polyphenol and total flavonoids among the lees extracts. The 10 lees extracts did not show hemolysis activity against hRBCs up to 5 mg/ml. In an anticoagulation activity assay, the ethanol extracts of three yakju lees (J-B, J-S, and J-Y) and the hot water extract of J-W inhibited thrombin activity, whereas the hot water extract of J-B, J-S, and J-H inhibited blood coagulation factors. In an antiplatelet aggregation activity assay, only the J-W takju lees showed significant inhibition activity. Our results suggest that lees from traditional wine had high potential as a novel antithrombosis agent.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.396-403
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• 2014

In this study, the antioxidant effect of water and ethanol extracts from Juniperus rigida Sieb were investigated. The activities of each of the extracts were measured based on their total phenolic and flavonoid contents and using antioxidant test such as of 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTs) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity, antioxidant protection fator (PF), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) content, and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibition activity assay. The result of the examination to measure the polyphenol content by investigating the antioxidativity of the J. rigida Sieb. extract showed 71.3 mg/g polyphenol content in the water extract, and 116.0 mg/g in the ethanol extract and a 17.7 mg/g flavonoid content in the water extract and in 76.4 mg/g in the ethanol extract. The ABTS radical cation decolorization showed 76.4% and 79.3% scavenging activities of the $500{\mu}g/mL$ water extract and ethanol extract, respectively. The FRAP showed 1.83 mM efficacy in the water extract and a lower 1.77 mM in ethanol extract. Both the water extract and the ethanol extract showed reduced ACE activities of 75.39% and 71.25% at $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The antioxidant protection factor of the water and 70% ethanol extracts of J. rigida Sieb were 1.5 PF and 2.1 PF, respectively. In the TBARS inhibitory activity, the extracts showed 55.78% and 71.48% antioxidant activities at the $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. The results of the measurrement of the ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity indicated more than 90% of activity inhibition in the $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of the ethanol extract. For the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, the ethanol extract showed 70% activity inhibition at the $500{\mu}g/mL$ concentration.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.26-31
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• 1997

Abstract A series of permeability tests was performed on the mixtures with specific mixing rates of sand and bentonite using modified rigid-wall permeameter. Sand-bentonite mixtures were permeated by organics, ethanol and TCE. Permeability of bentonite with several mixing rates had a tendency to decrease up to initial one pore volume and permeability was thereafter converged to a constant value. When sand-bentonite mixtures was permeated by water, permeability was decreased at the beginning but it was thereafter converged to a constant. Among several mixing rates, permeability was greatly decreased at 15% of mixing rate. When sand-bentonite mixtures with 15% mixing rate was permeated by ethanol, permeability was about 10 times larger value than permeability of water. Peameability was shown greater values when permeated by TCE (TrichloroEthylene) followed by ethanol. Suitable mixing rate of sand-bentonite for a liner of waste landfills was detected.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.32-43
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• 1997

Abstract A series of permeability tests was performed on the mixtures with specific mixing rates of sand and bentonite using modified rigid-wall permeameter. Sand-bentonite mixtures were permeated by organics, ethanol and TCE. Permeability of bentonite with several mixing rates had a tendency to decrease up to initial one pore volume and permeability was thereafter converged to a constant value. When sand-bentonite mixtures was permeated by water, permeability was decreased at the beginning but it was thereafter converged to a constant. Among several mixing rates, permeability was greatly decreased at 15% of mixing rate. When sand-bentonite mixtures with 15% mixing rate was permeated by ethanol, permeability was about 10 times larger value than permeability of water. Peameability was shown greater values when permeated by TCE (TrichloroEthylene) followed by ethanol. Suitable mixing rate of sand-bentonite for a liner of waste landfills was detected.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.150-152
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• 2006

The ethanol extract of Sida acuta Burm. (ALSA) whole plant was studied for its anti-ulcer activity against aspirin plus pylorous ligation induced gastric ulcer, HCl-ethanol induced ulcer, and water immersion stress induced ulcer (WISIU) in rats. We found that ALSA at a dose of 300 mg/kg, (orally) markedly decrease the incidence of ulcers in the first two models. ALSA showed reduction in gastric volume, free acidity, and ulcer index (53.69%). It has not reduced the total acidity significantly and no significant change in pH. It also showed 55.14% gastro protective activity, wheres standard drug sucralfate showed 94.85%. WISIU showed protection index 24.4%, whereas standard drug omeprazole (OMEZ) showed protection index 100%.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.374-378
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• 2011

The studied results of the gasohol, which is the mixture of gasoline and ethanol, were investigated for the promotion of applications on commercially by gasoline vehicle referring to octane number, minimum water contents be involved, and separation inhibitors for protecting phase separation etc. especially for the E10 and E20. The results showed that octane number will be revised by higher value as the ethanol is added more, and it's more effect in case of be added as a mixture than individually when inhibition agents is added for the inhibition of separation. and it's reasonable for the water contents of less than 1% by comparing with experimental results and in view of regulations of various countries.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 1981

The dissociation constants of benzoic acid, p-methoxybenzoic acid and p-nitrobenzoic acid have been determined at $25^{\circ}C$ in ethanol-water mixtures containing 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 65 and 80 weight % ethanol by the direct conductance measurements and the method involving titration of the acid sample with perchloric acid reagent. The results by the two methods have been discussed and compared with those by other methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.300-303
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• 1999

For the fast dry of the aqueous tape, the process which water was replaced by organic solvent was proposed. So-called, it was the solvent washing dry, Three organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, and acetone) were selected for the washing solvent. The weight loss of the washed tapes was measured to evaluate the dry rate of the tapes and dried tapes were examined the generation of the cracks with the variations of the organic solvent and the washing time. Methanol, ethanol, and acetone were all available organic solvents for this method. The tapes washed in methanol, ethanol, and acetone were dried rapidly for twenty minutes. After thirty minutes, the weight losses were not any more. The solvent of the lower surface tension can decreases the crack of dried tape. If solvent substitutes water completely, though it was fast dried, crack can be eliminated. The tape casting system was designed for the solvent washing dry and prepared. An homogeneous tape was established by continuous tape casting process.

• Plant Resources
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 2005

As part of developing natural food preservatives, the antimicrobial effect of ethanol and water extracts from the Cruciferous vegetable was examined Korean traditional Brassica juncea Coss. was used widely as an ingredient of Kimchi, a natural flavoring and spice for a long time. Antimicrobial activities were examined against 15 microorganisms which were food-born pathogens and/or food poisioning microorganisms and food-related bacteria and yeasts. Ethanol extract from leaf mustard showed an antimicrobial effect in most of the strains used in the present study. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were seen in Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus natto at 10 mg/ml. MIC of water extract was 40-60 mg/ml for bacteria and yeast. Antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was not disappeared by the heating at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min and not affected by pH.