• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2004

This paper describes the improvement of engine cooling system. To improve engine cooling performance, the authors approached in two ways. One is to increase water pump performance, changing of impeller shape and lightening of material were carried out. The second one is cooling efficiency rise, which were investigated with head gasket coolant flow passage optimization with flow visualization technique. The test results show that water pump performance was increased effectively, reduction of pump drive torque, and increase of pump flow-rate and pressure rise. Gasket hole pattern optimization test results represent an optimized head coolant flow which stands cross flow from exhaust to intake port side and small vortex were removed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.3260-3268
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• 2009

냉각재상실사고이후 원전의 원자로건물집수조 여과기에서 화학적 영향을 고려한 수두손실을 종합적으로 평가하기 위한 시험장치를 개발하였다. 시험장치에서 원자로건물집수조와 시험장치에서 물 부피에 대한 여과기 면적의 비가 일치하도록 시험조건을 설정하고 시험을 수행하였다. TSP pH 조절제 조건에서 칼슘실리케이트는 시험 초기에 수두손실을 급격히 상승시켰기 때문에 원자로건물에서 모든 칼슘실리케이트를 제거하여야 함을 확인하였다. 비상노심냉각계통 살수지속시간의 차이에 따른 시험결과는 장기살수조건이 단기살수조건에 비해 12배 정도 높은 수두손실을 보였다. 살수조건 시험결과를 화학적 영향이 없는 수두손실과 비교하면 단기살수와 장기살수의 각 조건에서 5.6배 및 60.8배 수두손실이 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 화학적 영향은 재순환수에 노출된 물질의 양에 따라 초기의 일정기간 동안 알루미늄 및 아연도금 판의 부식에 의해 급격히 증가하고 이들이 부동피막을 형성한 이후에는 NUKONTM 및 콘크리트 등에서 침출된 화학종의 침전에 기인하여 증가율이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 실험결과는 TSP에 의한 알루미늄의 부동피막 형성이 살수시간이 길어지고 알루미늄의 양이 많을 경우 효과적이지 않다는 것을 보였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.3748-3754
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• 2009

원자력발전소에서 냉각재상실사고이후 원자로건물집수조 여과기에서 화학적 영향에 의한 수두손실 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 시험장치에서 단기살수조건, 장기살수조건, 및 화학적 영향을 주는 물질이 없는 조건에 대해 30일 동안 종합적인 수두손실 시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과는 수두손실이 살수조건에 따라 노출된 화학적 영향을 주는 물질의 양에 크게 의존함을 보였다. 시험종료후 수거된 침전물의 XRD 분석은 침전물이 주로 인산화합물임을 보였다. 수두손실과 용해된 화학종의 비교결과는 화학적 영향을 주는 물질 중에서 Al과 Zn의 부식이 시험 초기에 높은 수두 손실 증가율의 원인이 됨을 보였다. 금속 시편에 부동피막이 형성된 이후에 수두손실 증가율은 감소하지만 지속적으로 수두손실이 증가하는 현상은 NUKON 및 콘크리트에서 침출반응에 의해 발생하는 Si, Mg, 및 Ca이 침전물을 형성하는 반응에 기인함을 보였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2021

Fire sprinkler initial spray was analyzed by Large eddy simulation (LES) and Volume of Fluid (VoF) integrated method. The IsoAdvector geometric VoF was used to identify the liquid-gas interface clearly even with the large Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy number. To reduce the computational costs, sector meshes and Adaptive Mesh Refinement up to level 3 were used. Base mesh size was 1 mm, which is roughly equivalent to the initial sprinkler droplet. Top surface radius of boss and deflector size were modified to investigate the effects of sprinkler head design on primary breakup process. When top surface radius of boss was increased, vertical liquid sheet was formed. This phenomenon reduced the sheet breakup radius, sheet thickness and velocity. Due to reduced liquid sheet thickness, a large amount of ligaments was created from the liquid sheet. As a result, there was a dramatic decrease in volume per surface area, indicating an increase in breakup process. Spray pattern viewed in radial direction also changed when top surface radius of boss increased. When top surface radius of boss was increased, a T-shaped pattern was observed while a V-shaped pattern was observed in all other cases. When the deflector size increases, the spray pattern remains V-shaped, even if the top surface radius of boss increased. Further studies on promoting atomization of the water supplied to the lower part of the sprinkler head in the T-shape pattern should be conducted.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2019

연구목적: 적층형 물류창고의 랙크 내에 설치하여 화세제어 및 초기 진압이 가능한 스프링클러 헤드를 개발하고 이에 따른 성능확인 실험을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 살수반경과 살수패턴을 고려하여 여러가지 디플렉터를 설계하고 살수각도 및 방사 시험 및 방호성능 실험을 수행하였으며 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과: 적재물 전체 및 전면부 방호가 가능하고 최소방수량 115L/min을 가지는 최적의 헤드를 개발하였다. 결론: 개발된 헤드는 방수량 K-115, 방수압 1Bar 조건에서 1단 소화실험 결과, 적용된 화재시나리오에서 적재물품을 전부 연소시키지 않고 화재를 제어함을 확인하였다. 아울러 적재물 상단에서 디플렉터까지의 수직거리는 450mm 이격하여 가연물 외곽부분으로도 충분히 방사되도록 설치해야 한다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2004

In case of a fire in road or railway tunnel it is always necessary to keep the escape condition as good as possible. Most of the victims of major fires in tunnels are because they couldn't leave the tunnel in time and were trapped by smoke, or rescue teams couldn't reach the place of the accident due to low visibility and high temperature. In spring 2003 a comprehensive field experiment was undertaken in a large scaled tunnel in Youngin City to test the effectiveness of a new water spray curtain system, designed to the air qualify inside of a tunnel in case of fire during passenger's escape to safe routes, In order to control the smoke propagation, fixed water sprayed nozzles were used to make water curtain system, which can be installed or hanging water piping line below ceiling. The experiment was accompanied by an extensive measurement campaign in order to measure temperature dropping effect and flow conditions as well as CO concentration for various water sprayed curtains produced by sprinkler heads or water spray nozzle. Eventually comparison analysis were undertaken to investigate the performance of water curtains under fixed water pressure. Therefore most effective water curtain system was presented on the basis of water droplet size in long tunnel.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.442-455
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• 2016

The resistance and seakeeping performance of a high-speed monohull vessel were investigated through a series of model tests in a towing tank. The hull had a slender wave-piercing bow, round bilge, and small deadrise angle on stern. Tests on the bare hull in calm water were first conducted and tests on spray rails followed. The spray rails were designed to control the flow direction and induce a hydrodynamic lift force on the hull bottom to reduce trim angle and increase rise of the hull. The maximum trim of the bare hull was $4.65^{\circ}$ at the designed speed, but the spray rails at optimum location reduced trim by $0.97^{\circ}$. The ship motion in head seas was examined after the calm water tests. Attaching the rails on the optimum location effectively reduced the pitch and heave motion responses. The vertical acceleration at the fore perpendicular reduced by 11.3%. The effective power in full scale was extrapolated from the model test results and it was revealed that the spray rails did not have any negative effects on the resistance performance of the hull, while they effectively stabilized the vessel in calm water and waves.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2014

This study was performed to reveal the relationships between various gas supply conditions including inlet numbers and positions for Photobioreactor. To do that, this study was installed the experimental apparatus. All experiments were performed for the cases with 1, 2, 3, and 4 inlets and for gas flow rate of 4~8 lpm. Through the experiments, this study showed that the case with 3 or 4 inlets could reduce about 50% of the pressure loss head for all gas path than that of one inlet base case. So, these results can be used as basic data to design the gross or multiple photobioreactor.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.41-45
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 고농도 과산화수소와 케로신을 각각 산화제와 연료로 사용하는 소형 이원추진제 추력기의 설계/제작 및 인젝터 성능특성 파악을 위한 수류시험을 수행하였다. 본 개발모델에서는 점화기, 인젝터, 막냉각 시스템을 통합하여 운용이 가능한 구조의 믹싱헤드를 적용하였으며, 각 부분으로의 공급유량 변경이 가능하도록 하여 최적 설계의 실험적 검증 및 효율성을 극대화하고자 하였다. 마지막으로 수류시험을 통해 인젝터 유량 및 추진제 분사패턴을 확인하였으며, 믹싱헤드의 설계 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 1998

Studies were performed to determine the effect of Korean red ginseng (extract powder, spray-dried), it is made of choice 6-year-old raw ginseng roots, and processed by steaming and drying, on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of irradiated mice. Jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment of red ginseng (1 mg/head, single I.P. at 24hours before irradiation, p<0.05). Red ginseng administration before irradiation (1 mg/head, single I.P at 24hours before irradiation) resulted in an increase of the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.05). The frequency of radiation-Induced apoptosis in intestinal crypt cells was also reduced by treatment of red ginseng both pretreatment (P.O.: 2 mg/ml of drinking water for 7 days, p<0.005, I.P.: 1 mg/head, single I.P. at 24 hours before irradiation, p<0.005) and post-treatment (1 mg/head, single I.P at 30 minutes after irradiation, p<0.05). These results indicated that Korean red ginseng might be a useful radio-protector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the promotion nature of red ginseng and its fractions.