• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2003

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.156-163
• /
• 1995

앞 선 연구에서는 스티렌과 무수말레인산으로부터 스티렌-무수말레인산 공중합체(SMA)를 합성하고 이들을 황산화하여 수용성의 SMA를 제조하였다. 본 연구에서는 이들 카르본산계 공중합체를 첨가한 시멘트 모르타르의 플로우 및 경화시멘트 모르타르의 강도를 조사하여 고성능감수제로서의 성능을 평가하였다. 플로우 실험 결과 황산화 SMA(SSMA)를 첨가한 시멘트 모르타르의 플로우는 아미노페놀이 치환된 황산화 SMA(SmSMA)를 첨가한 경우보다 더 큰 값을 나타내었다. 또한 공중합체를 첨가한 시멘트 모르타르의 플로우 유지율은 기존의 나프탈렌계(NSC)를 첨가한 경우보다 우수하게 나타났다. 시멘트 모르타르에 SMA와 SmSMA를 시멘트 중량에 대해 0.5% 첨가하여 제조한 경화 시멘트 모르타르의 28일 압축강도를 조사하였다. 그 결과 SSMA 및 SmSMA를 첨가한 경우 plain 보다 각각 31%와 13%의 강도 증가를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터, 본 연구에서 사용한 SSMA 및 SmSMA의 카르본산계 공중합체는콘크리트용 고성능감수제로서 크게 기대되어진다.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.175-182
• /
• 1995

스티렌과 무수말레인산의 라디칼 공중합에 의해 스티렌-무수말레인산 공중합체(SMA)를 합성하고 SMA를 m-amino phenol과 치환반응하여 m-amino phenol 이 치환된 스티렌-무수말레인산 공중합체(mSMA)도 합성하였다. 합성한 SMA와 mSMA를 황산화하여 각각 황산화 SMA(SSMA) 및 황산화 mSMA(SmSMA)를 제조하였다. 공중합체의 합성은 적외분광스펙트럼의 특성피크로부터 확인할 수 있었다. 원소분석 결과 mSMA의 m-amino phenol의 치환율은 44%이었고 이것은 황산화 과정을 거치면서 35%로 감소하였다. 공중합체의 시멘트에 대한 흡착실험 결과 공중합체의 첨가량이 적을수록 흡착율이 높게 나타났고, 첨가량에 관계없이 SSMA의 흡착율이 SmSMA의 그것보다 크게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 합성한 공중합체 (SSMA, SmSMA)는 시멘트 분산제로서의 가능성이 기대되어진다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.175-191
• /
• 2016

In this work, oil-in-water emulsions (O/W) were prepared successfully by membrane emulsification with $0.5{\mu}m$ pore size membrane. Sunflower oil was emulsified in aqueous Tween80 solution with a simple crossflow apparatus equipped with ceramic tube membrane. In order to increase the shear-stress near the membrane wall, a helical-shaped reducer was installed within the lumen side of the tube membrane. This method allows the reduction of continuous phase flow and the increase of dispersed phase flux, for cost effective production. Results were compared with the conventional cross-flow membrane emulsification method. Monodisperse O/W emulsions were obtained using tubular membrane with droplet size in the range $3.3-4.6{\mu}m$ corresponded to the membrane pore diameter of $0.5{\mu}m$. The final aim of this study is to obtain O/W emulsions by simple membrane emulsification method without reducer and compare the results obtained by membrane equipped with helix shaped reducer. To indicate the results statistical methods, $3^p$ type full factorial experimental designs were evaluated, using software called STATISTICA. For prediction of the flux, droplet size and PDI a mathematical model was set up which can describe well the dependent variables in the studied range, namely the run of the flux and the mean droplet diameter and the effects of operating parameters. The results suggested that polynomial model is adequate for representation of selected responses.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1995년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.142-147
• /
• 1995

In this study, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) was synthesized from styrene and maleic anhydride and further reacted with sulfuric acid to obtain water-soluble SMA and the flow and strength tests of cement mortar mixed with copolymers were carried out to evaluate the capability of copolymers as high range water reducer for the concrete. It was found from flow experiment that the fluidity of cement mortar mixed with sulfonated SMA (SSMA) was larger than that miced with aminophenol-substituted SSMA (SmSMA). The decreasing rate of the flow of cement mortar mixed with SSMA and SmSMA was decreasing rate of the flow of cement mortar mixed with SSMA and SmSMA was significantly lower than that mixed with naphthalene condensate (NSC). The compressive strength of the hardened cement mortars containing 0.5% copolymers after 28 days curing was examined. The compressive strength of hardened cement mortar containing SSMA and SmSMA was increased up to 32% and 13%, respectively, when compared to the plain. As the results, the copolymers (SSMA and SmSMA) used in this study are greatly expected as a good high range water reducers for the concrete.

• Computers and Concrete
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.449-459
• /
• 2017

Fresh and hardened behaviors of a new hybrid fiber (steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and calcium carbonate whisker) reinforced cementitious composites (HyFRCC) with admixtures (fly ash, silica fume and water reducer) have been studied. Within the limitations of the equipment and testing program, it is illustrated that the rheological properties of the new HyFRCC conform to the modified Bingham model. The relations between flow spread and yield stress as well as flow rate and plastic viscosity both conform well with negative exponent correlation, justifying that slump flow and flow rate test can be applied to replace the other two as simple rheology measurement and control method in jobsite. In addition, for the new HyFRCC with fly ash and water reducer, the mathematical model between the rheological and mechanical properties conform well with the quadratic function, and these quadratic function curves are always concave upward. Based on mathematical analysis, an optimal range of rheology/ flowability can be identified to achieve ideal mechanical properties. In addition, this optimization method can be extended to PVA fiber reinforced cement-based composites.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.32-33
• /
• 2017

In order to improve the flow performance of high performance concrete, use of high performance water reducing agent and low viscosity type water reducing agent is a study of suitable range of use due to side effects. in this study, we aimed at reducing viscosity and yield value using high performance water reducing agent and low viscosity type water reducing agent, and this was evaluated using a rheometer. as a result of analysis of viscosity and yield value, it was found that the high performance water reducing agent has higher reduction effect than the low viscosity type water reducing agent. however, the larger the viscosity lowering effect is, the lower the usable range is, compared to general high performance water reducing agents, and it was found that sufficient consideration for this judgment of appropriate quantity is necessary.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.260-265
• /
• 1994

High strength concrete(65MPa) was used for construction of the bulk cement storage silo by using sliding form. This paper presents mix design, production, quality control and experience with field application of high strength concrete under cold weather conditions. It is shown to be possible to produce high strength concrete of compressive strength of 50~60 MPa by using high-range water reducer to lower w/c ratio with appropriate quality control.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
• /
• pp.442-445
• /
• 2004

The mock-up test was carried out to solve several problems of the hot weathered high strength concrete. The workability of concrete could be guaranteed by using high range water reducer containing polycarboxylic acid. The compressive strength calculation by rebound value of Schumidt hammer underestimated the actual strength of concrete structure. The temperature of concrete should be lowered by control of raw material temperature and transportation.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
• /
• pp.638-644
• /
• 1999

Workability time of superplasticized concrete is maintained generally for 30-60 minutes only. Therefore it is of great advantage for the concrete producer to use a high range water reducer which provides an extended slump life. Recently slump retentive srperplasticizer has been developed. Concrete mixing tests were done to know slump, setting, air content, bleeding and hardening characteristics of concrete using slump retentive superplasticizer. With slump retentive superplasticizer, high quality concrete was produced and slump loss of concrete was reduced in big way, making long transportation time possible as a practical alternative to on-site addition.