• Water Engineering Research
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2001

Since South Korea has uneven rainfall and deteriorating water quality, it is imperative to create a comprehensive water resources policy and management. This paper is to adopt a win-win policy for upstream-downstream local governments that have been in water rights-related disputer or conflicts in the process of allocating water and maintaining water quality. The Win-Win Policy can be an integrated river-basin approach. We define the win-win policy, introduce the win-win case of Delaware River and Colorado River in the United States, and suggest the win-win policy for Nakdong River in South Korea. Nakdong River is chosen for this paper because it has more serious problems in preserving water quantity and maintaining water quality.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1225-1230
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• 2008

이 논문에서는 팔당호에 행해진 수질관리 정책의 효과를 분석하기 위하여 계절 맨-켄달 경향분석법(Seasonal Mann-Kendall Trend Analysis)을 사용한 새로운 접근법으로 팔당호로 유입되는 주요 지류중 하나인 경안천의 수질을 정책 전과 후로 나누어 비교 분석하였다. 1992년부터 2005년까지 월별로 측정된 BOD, COD, 총인 및 총질소의 자료들을 이용하여 1998년 한강특별대책 시행 전과 후의 켄달 기울기(Kendall slope)를 비교하였고, 그 결과 한강특별대책이 경안천 하류의 수질 개선에는 효과가 있었으나 상류의 수질 개선에는 큰 효과를 거두지 못하였음을 밝혀냈다. 이러한 결과는 이전에 행해진 경안천 수질 관련 연구들의 결과와 잘 일치하는 것으로 보아, 이 연구에서 사용된 수질의 장기 경향 분석을 통한 정책의 효과를 판단하는 접근법은 앞으로 유용하게 사용되어 질 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.297-316
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• 1996

This research emphasizes the necessity of the understanding and cooperation among focal governments to preserve the water quality of the Nak-dong river that runs through four local governments. First, this research considers the status of water-pollution in the Nakdong river, describes and finds problems within the central government's. "Clean Water Supply Plan" and local governments' water quality-related policies. Second, it deals with the conflict among local governments concerning the planning and building of "Wicheon Industrial Complex" in the middle-upstream of the Nakdong river which has triggered the opposition movement of the local governments and residents of the river's downstream area. With stressing the necessity of the understanding and cooperation among local governments, this research emphasizes roles of central government, of academic experts, and of local news-media in preserving the water quality. Key words : the Nakdong river, water quality policy, the conflict among local governments, the activation of local autonomy, Wicheon Industrial Complex, the cooperation among local governments.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2001

This paper presents the policy directions of total maximum daily loads(TMDL), which was recently adopted in Korea, for scientific management of water quality. The basic principles of water quality management are also discussed in this paper, along with the TMDL policy in United States as well as the previous policy in Korea. We discussed several unreasonable points out of the previous approaches, such as regulation of all point sources with equal standards, negligence of an assimilative capacity of the receiving water, and emphasis only on drinking water supply, etc.. For successful applications of the TMDL policy in Korea, the following directions are suggested: 1) the unit drainage basin for each TMDL application should be given, 2) the water body where the water quality standards should be maintained, needs to be guided, 3) the water quality parameters of TMDL should be given, 4) the technical guidances should be given for applications of water quality models, and 5) the seasonal TMDL would be allowed. In order to maximize the benefits of the TMDL policy, the local governments would need to implement the following strategies: 1) the increment of an assimilative capacity of the receiving water, 2) the effective controls of the non-point source pollution, 3) the advanced treatment of the point sources, 4) application of system optimization techniques along with effluent trade, and 5) utilization of watershed management systems.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2001

Issues and problems in formulating South Korea's water resources policy are discussed in terms of water quantity and quality. South Korean needs both water conservation and water supply capability for the growing population and economic activities. The government has attempted to build more large-scale dams to store and supply water for residential, farming and industrial uses, but the environmentalists who emphasize conservation and environmental protection oppose the government. The environmentalists are popular among the general public. Water quality has been deteriorating from point- ad non-point sources. urban and farm runoffs are serious pollutants. All want by preserve water quality. There is no dispute on this matter between the government and the environmentalists. Money is hard to come by to preserve water quality. Economic and financial crises and no self-sufficient local governments' revenue structure are pessimistic. Basic survey on water resources, hydrology and hydraulic is badly needed for the future water resources planning.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.176-185
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• 2021

This paper aims to develop a new paradigm for groundwater management which is compatible with integrated water management policies in Korea. Three key roles of groundwater are defined for addressing water cycle distortion, high water stress, water quality degradation, aquatic ecosystems deterioration, and water-related hazards. Firstly, groundwater plays an important role in contributing soundness of water cycle as a component of water cycle. Secondly, it is a local water resource to ensure water supply sustainability. Thirdly, groundwater is an essential water resource for drought and emergencies. In order to support the groundwater roles, we propose a paradigm shift for groundwater management and policy directions towards integrated water management. The new paradigm consists of managements for sound water cycle on a watershed scale and groundwater environment(quantity, quality, and groundwater dependent ecosystems) managements for both human and nature. A prospective management also constitutes the new paradigm. In addition, this paper proposes four policy directions in groundwater management. The policies emphasize the integrated management of groundwater and surface water, management of groundwater environment(quantity, quality, and groundwater dependent ecosystems), management of groundwater uses for water sustainability and security, and enhancement of groundwater publicity.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.748-756
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• 2006

Accurate and timely information on status and trends in the environment is necessary to shape sound water quality management policy and to implement water quality improvement programs efficiently. One of the most effective ways to communicate information on water quality trends to policy-makers, scientists, and the general public is with comprehensive water quality indices. The derivation and structure of a water quality index (WQI) for the classification of surface water quality is discussed. The WQI generally developed through the selection, transformation and weighting of determinants with rating curves based on legal standards and quality directives or guidelines. The representative pollutants should be included in the index, and the relationship between the quantity of these pollutants in the water and the resulting quality of the water should be based on scientific results. The WQI be simply and meaningfully formulated that nonscientifically trained users can easily become familiar with the framework of the system and use the output data to evaluate their own pollution problems.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.703-707
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• 2004

In this study, a simple regression model is proposed in order to analyse the effect of population and urban land use on the water quality of Paldang lake, Gyeonggi. As a comparison result with Qua12E water quality model, the proposed model shows very good predicting performance in simulating several alternative scenarios. In order to accomplish BOD 1ppm of Paldang lake, various model applications show that the population incoming and urban land use management should be afoot in addition to stricter outflow water quality from sewer treatmement systems.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2016

미국의 수질교환법의 제정 이후 이 법안의 적용을 위하여 많은 파일럿 프로그램과 프로젝트가 생성되었으나 실제로 수질교환이 이루어 지는 경우는 흔치 않은 현실이다. 수질교환법의 적용이 용이하지 않은 이유로 가장 큰 것은 교환 지역 양측간의 공정성을 확보하기가 쉽지 않기 때문이다. 또한 도시개발로 유발되는 비점오염원의 유출량으로 인한 하천의 환경영향의 불확실성이 정책입안자의 법안 적용을 더욱 어렵게 하고 있다. 본 논문은 수질 모델링 프로그램 중 도시의 불투수면의 유출을 모의하기에 유용한 Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF)을 이용하여 미래의 도시개발 시나리오에 대응하는 점오염과 비점오염원 유출량을 도출하였다. 도시개발의 정도와 강우강도에 따른 부유탁도의 증가분을 계산 함으로써 향후 도시개발이 미치는 수질 영향을 하천 상 하류 간의 수질교환 단위로 전환하여 제시하였다. 제시된 지역 특화된 수질교환단위는 정책입안자와 이해관계자들에게 수질교환법 적용을 위한 정책결정 시스템으로 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.504-511
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• 2007

Built-out issue of copper processing appearing recently in the Paldang watershed is a critical problem to deteriorate the basic framework of national water management policy as well as to be simply a copper-related problem. Up to now, Korea government has invested hard and relevant upstream areas have been victimized readily in a variety of field to comply its goal of 'Safe Water Supply'. Because of the reason, the desirable water quality level of the Paldang watershed has been maintained regardless of its dense population. Paldang drinking water management policy is based on residents' understanding which is considered as a 'social capital'. The issue raised in the aspect of water quality management policy should be reviewed on the basis of the 'social capital' concept. One regarding semiconductor industry as a potential industry to export many products in 10 years insists that the industry not be a simple private business but be a prominent part for national competitiveness. There is no doubt about this opinion. However, a nation should support environmental right-to-life of its people prior to any other tasks. In other words, it is really risky to give up people's right due to economic benefits. Therefore, it should not happen to trade 'life', the dignity of man, with national competitiveness which is likely to be preferred in these days. In addition, coherent policy not to destroy 'social capital' promoting Paldang drinking water resource management policy should be maintained.