• Title/Summary/Keyword: water absorption property

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Effects of Wheat Flour Protein Contents on Ramyon (deep-fried instant noodle) Quality (밀가루의 단백질 함량이 라면의 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Chung, Gu-Sik;Kim, Sung-Kon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.649-655
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    • 1991
  • The quality of Ramyon prepared from hard red winter-western white (HRW-WW) and dark northern spring-western white (DNS-WW) flour blends having protein contents of 9.12-9.78% was examined. The noodles were manufactured by commercial process with the same water absorption. The weight and volume of cooked noodle were decreased as the protein content increased at the same cooking time. No significant differences in cooking properties were observed between noodles prepared from HRW-WW and DNS-WW blends. The weight and volume of noodle prepared from HRW-WW blend cooked for 4 min showed significant negative correlation with farinograph and extensograph data and protein contents of flours, but positive correlation with amylograph data. Such correlations were not found from noodles prepared from DNS-WW blend. Based on the sensory evaluation of cooked noodle it was concluded that the optimum protein content for noodle manufacture was in the range of 9.28-9.62%. The replacement of HRW with DNS flour had no effect on the sensory quality of noodle.

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The Properties of Concrete with Lightweight Aggregate Impregnated by Phase Change Material (상변화물질 함침 경량골재를 사용한 콘크리트의 특성)

  • Kim, Se-Hwan;Jeon, Hyun-Kyu;Hwang, In-Dong;Seo, Chee-Ho;Kim, Sang-Heon
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.331-338
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    • 2013
  • Under the paradigm of sustainable green growth at the national level, various researches and applications for energy saving in the construction field has been attempted. As a part of energy saving efforts, lightweight concrete was investigated for thermal insulation concrete with phase change material (PCM) which has high heat storage capacity. As a part of energy saving efforts, thermal insulation concrete was investigated and evaluated with lightweight aggregate impregnated by PCM which has high heat storage capacity. As a result, it is found that concrete with lightweight aggregate impregnated by PCM is effective to prevent its quality deterioration by reducing water absorption rate of lightweight aggregate. In addition, it has shown that concretes using lightweight aggregate and impregnated lightweight aggregate improve heat insulation property 33% and 40~43% compared with using normal aggregate, respectively. It is that the lightweight aggregate concrete with impregnated lightweight aggregate has 12~14% lower thermal conductivity than unimpregnated.

Quality Characteristics of Cooked Rice with Mixed Cereals by Blending Ratio of the Cereals Frequently Consumed in Korea (섭취빈도가 높은 곡류의 혼합비율에 따른 곡류 혼합밥의 품질특성)

  • Han, Gyusang;Chung, Hae-Jung;Lee, Youngmi;Yoon, Jihyun
    • The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.537-552
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of cooked rice with cereals frequently consumed in Korea by blending ratio. Seven kinds of cereals, white rice, glutinous barley, brown rice, black rice, glutinous rice, glutinous foxtail millet and proso millet, were chosen for the study. According to the results from rapid viscosity analyzer, glutinous barley had the lowest pasting temperature($66.55^{\circ}C$) and black rice had the highest values in the peak(231.77 RVU), trough(162.25 RVU), final viscosity(295.81 RVU) and set back(64.05 RVU)(p<0.05). Water absorption rate by soaking time for black rice and brown rice was increased only 18.77% and 14.57%, respectively, even after 120 minutes, whereas those of other cereals were increased up to 20.28~39.32% after 50 minutes. The pasting characteristics of white rice blended with cereals tended to be lower than white rice in the peak, trough, and final viscosity. Textural property of cooked white rice blended with black rice, brown rice, and glutinous foxtail millet showed a significantly higher value for hardness than that of cooked white rice only(p<0.05). The most preferred blending ratio of the respective cereals was 25% for glutinous barley, 10% for black rice, brown rice and proso millet, and 5% for glutinous foxtail millet and glutinous rice in the sensory evaluation for overall quality, but there were no significant differences except glutinous barley, brown rice and glutinous foxtail millet.

Photochemical Property and Photodynamic Activity of Tetrakis(2-naphthyl) Porphyrin Phosphorus(V) Complex

  • Hirakawa, Kazutaka;Aoki, Shunsuke;Ueda, Hiroyuki;Ouyang, Dongyan;Okazaki, Shigetoshi
    • Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.37-40
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    • 2015
  • To examine the photosensitized biomolecules damaging activity, dimethoxyP(V)tetrakis(2-naphthyl)porphyrin (NP) and dimethoxyP(V)tetraphenylporphyrin (PP) were synthesized. The naphthyl moiety of NP hardly deactivated the photoexcited P(V)porphyrin ring in ethanol. In aqueous solution, the naphthyl moiety showed the quenching effect on the photoexcited porphyrin ring, possibly through electron transfer and self-quenching by a molecular association. Binding interaction between human serum albumin (HSA), a water soluble protein, and these porphyrins could be confirmed by the absorption spectral change. The apparent association constant of NP was larger than that of PP. It is explained by that more hydrophobic NP can easily bind into the hydrophobic pockets of HSA. The photoexcited PP effectively induced damage of the tryptophan residue of HSA, through electron transfer-mediated oxidation and singlet oxygen generation. NP also induced HSA damage during photo-irradiation and the contributions of the electron transfer and singlet oxygen mechanisms were speculated. The electron transfer-mediated mechanism to the photosensitized protein damage should be advantageous for photodynamic therapy in hypoxic condition. The quantum yield of the HSA photodamage by PP was significantly larger than that of NP. The quenching effect of the naphthyl moiety is considered to suppress the photosensitized protein damage. In conclusion, the naphthalene substitution to the P(V)porphyrins can enhance the binding interaction with hydrophobic biomacromolecules such as protein, however, this substitution may reduce the photodynamic effect of P(V)porphyrin ring in aqueous media.

Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of PCL/TPS Blends (PCL/TPS 블렌드의 물성 및 생분해도)

  • 신창호;김영진;김봉식;신부영
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.48-57
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    • 2000
  • Polycaprolactone (PCL) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends were prepared. Mechanical properties, thermal property, water absorption, biodegradability by composting and surface morphology of PCL/TPS blends were investigated. The compositions of PCL/TPS blends were 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, and 10/90. Strength and elongation at break decreased as the content of TPS increased, while modulus increased. DSC thermogram of TPS showed two glass transition temperatures (T$_{g}$ ) at 23$^{\circ}C$ and 126$^{\circ}C$. And TPS proved to be an amorphous polymer because there was no endothermic peak due to the melting of starch crystal. The unchanged melting temperatures and T$_{g}$ 's of PCL/TPS blends revealed that PCL and TPS were not miscible. All of the blends were found to be mechanically compatible but phase separated in each other. After 45 days composting, the biodegradability of PCL was 44% and that of PCL/TPS blends increased as the contents of TPS increased.

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Effects of Process Variables and MAPP Coupling Agent on Properties of Wood Fiber-Polypropylene Fiber Composite by Turbulent Air Mixing (공정변수(工程變數)와 MAPP 결합제(結合劑)가 난기류(亂氣流) 혼합방식(混合方式)에 의하여 제조(製造)된 목섬유(木纖維)-폴리프로필렌섬유(纖維) 복합재(複合材)의 성질(性質)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Yoon, Hyoung-Un;Park, Jong-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.76-86
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    • 1998
  • Effects of processing variables and MAPP (maleic anhydride polypropylene) coupling agent on the properties of composite were discussed for turbulent-air-mixed woodfiber-polypropylenefiber composites. In this research, density, composition ratio, and mat moisture content were established as processing variables, and emulsified MAPP prepared by direct pressure method was incorporated as the coupling agent. And the turbulent air mixer, which was improved in function through alteration of our previous fiber mixer, was used to mix wood fibers and polypropylene fibers. At the addition level of 1% MAPP, based on oven-dried wood fiber weight, woodfiber-polypropylenefiber composites generally showed enhanced the physical and mechanical properties. And composites with low to medium densities of 0.6 to 0.8g/$cm^3$ greatly increased in these property values than with high densities of 1.0g/$cm^3$ or more by adding 1 % MAPP. Thus, MAPP addition was thought to be an effective way of enhancing properties for nonwoven web composites. At the mat moisture contents of 5 to 20%, however, the physical and mechanical properties were not enhanced by adding 1% MAPP. In the composites containing 15% polypropylene fibers, the lowest thickness swelling and water absorption values were observed at the 1% MAPP level. The addition of more than 1% MAPP had the adverse effect on the physical and mechanical properties of composites.

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Synthesis of the Low-Hygroscopic Polyimide for 2-Layer Flexible Copper Clad Laminate (2층 연성동박적층판용 저흡습 폴리이미드의 합성)

  • Kim, W.;Park, S.J.;Baek, J.O.;Gong, H.J.;Ahn, B.H.
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.82-87
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    • 2008
  • In this study, nine kinds of polyimides were synthesized from 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PMDA), 4,4'-(4,4'-isopropylidenediphenoxy)bis(phthalic anhydride) (BPADA), m-pheny lenediamine (m-PDA) and 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA) by controlling molar ratio of monomers. Synthesized polyimides were used as insulator films for 2-layer Flexible Copper Clad Laminate(FCCL) which were manufactured by the casting method. Glass transition temperature and thermal degradation temperature for 5% weight loss of the polyimide film were improved by increasing contents of m-PDA and PMDA, respectively. Water absorption of polyimide film was reduced by increasing contents of ODA and BPADA which have relatively long structure, respectively. Peel strength of 2-layer FCCL was improved by increasing contents of ODA and BPADA.

Conservation Study of Stones by Using Acrylic Monomer (아크릴계 단량체를 이용한 석조물의 보존처리 연구)

  • Kang, Sang-Yong;Suh, Man-Cheol;Kim, Un-Young;Kim, Hyung-Joong
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2008
  • About 17% of historical properties in Korea were made of stones and most of them are exposed to weathering, as such that discoloring, cracking, and shattering occur from physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological effects due to outdoor placement. Proper treatments for conservation are necessary to prevent the weathering damage and to retain the original shape of stones. MMA, an acrylic monomer having low viscosity can be impregnated deep inside stones by consecutive compression and decompression process in a pressurized vessel. After the polymerization of MMA impregnate, the space inside of the stone was filled with PMMA. It is expected that water repellent and weather resistant properties will be improved because of the improved bonding of constituent materials in stones. In this study, moisture absorption, chemical resistance, and mechanical property of two domestic granites were examined after treating them with MMA for the purpose of determining the conservation value of this method that was possibly useful to the conservation of stone cultural assets.

Fundamental Characteristics of Activated Fly Ash-Slag Cement Exposed to 5℃ Seawater (5℃ 해수에 노출된 알칼리 활성 플라이애시-슬래그 시멘트의 기초 특성)

  • Kim, Taewan;Jun, Yubin
    • Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.302-309
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    • 2019
  • This paper shows an experimental study for fundamental characteristics of alkali activated fly ash-slag cement paste exposed to seawater of 5℃. Fly ash and slag were blended in three different ratios; 6:4, 7:3, and 8:2. Activators (NaOH and Na2SiO3) used 5% of the binder weight. It was shown that as the fly ash substitution rate in creased, compressive strength and density decreased, and water absorption rate increased. The results of X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry showed that hydration reactants formed in samples did not differ significantly, however, C-S-H gel increased as the slag substitution rate increased. It showed that mechanical properties of fly ash-slag cement pastes under 5℃ seawater condition were affected by the slag substitution rate rather than fly ash.

A Study on the Effect of Metallic Fillers and Plastic for Ionic Migration (이온마이그레이션에 대한 플라스틱과 금속첨가제의 영향 연구)

  • Jeon, Sang Soo;Kim, Ji Jung;Lee, Ho Seung
    • Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.30-34
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    • 2021
  • Electrical failures and reliability problems of electronic components by ionic migration between adjacent device terminals have become an issue in automotive electronics. Especially unlike galvanic corrosion, ionic migration is occurred at high temperature and high humidity under applied electric field condition. Until now, although extensive studies of the ionic migrations dealing with PCBs, electrodes, and solders were reported, there is no study on the effect of insulation polymers and metallic fillers for ionic migration. In this research, therefore, ionic migration induced by the types and contents of polymers and metallic fillers, and variety conditions of temperature, humidity, and applied voltage was studied in detail. Ester and amide types of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) and poly (phthalamide) (PPA) were used as base polymers, respectively and compounded with the metallic fillers of Copper iodide (CuI), Zinc stearate (Zn-st), or Calcium stearate (Ca-st) in various compositions. The compounding polymers were fabricated in IPC-B-24 of SIR test coupon according to ISO 9455-17 with Cu electrodes for ionic migration test. While there is no change in LCP-based samples, ionic migration in PPA compounding sample with a high water absorption property was accelerated in the presence of 0.25 wt% or above of CuI at the environmental conditions of 85℃, 85% RH and 48V. The dendritic short-circuit growth of Cu caused by ionic migration between the electrodes on the surface of compounded polymers was systematically observed and analyzed by using optical microscopy and SEM (EDX).