• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.239-245
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the electromyography signal's power spectrum mean and median tendencies appearing in the lower extremity during walking while wearing roller shoes. 9 male subjects volunteered who have no experience riding inline-skate or roller-skate, and have no record of musculoskeletal disorder. Subjects walked on treadmill twice for an hour (Once a week, one trial with the roller on and the other without roller, Walking velocity = 1.39 m/s). Electromyography was measured every 15 minute (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes). Surface electrode sticked muscle at rectus femoris(R.F.), vastus lateralis(V.L.), vastus medialis(V.M.), biceps femoris(B.F.), tibialis anterior(T.A.), gastrocnemius lateralis(G.L.), gastrocnemius medialis(G.M.). At Rectus femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus medialis, and Biceps femoris showed no statistically significant decrease of median frequency or mean edge frequency as time passes. Also, between two treatments (wearing the roller shoes vs not wearing the roller shoes), no statistically significant difference. After 60 minutes, mean edge frequency showed statistically significant decrease at tibalis anterior and after 45 minutes, mean edge frequency showed statistically significant decrease compared to wearing roller shoes without the wheels at gastrocnemius lateralis. At gastrocnemius medialis after 30 minutes, median frequency showed statistically significant decrease, and showed statistically significant difference compared to the control group. Wearing the roller shoes with wheels for a long time resulted in statistically significant decrease of mean edge frequency and median frequency in lower extremity, especially in shank muscles. Increase of wearing time of roller shoes and walking on a bumpy road wearing roller shoes with wheels result fatigue and thus, danger of injury.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of real-time visual feedback gait training on gait stability in older adults. Method: Twelve older adults participated in this study, being divided into 2 groups including a) visual feedback (VF) and b) non-visual feedback (NVF) groups. For 4 weeks, VF performed a treadmill walking training with real-time visual feedback about their postural information while NVF performed a normal treadmill walking training. For evaluations of gait stability, kinematic data of 15-minute treadmill walking were collected from depth-based motion capture system (30 Hz, exbody, Korea). Given that step lengths in both right and left sides were determined based on kinematic data, three variables including step difference, coefficient of variation, approximate entropy were calculated to evaluate gait symmetry, variability and complexity, respectively. Results: For research findings, VF exhibited significant improvements in gait stability after 4-week training in comparison to NVF, particularly in gait symmetry and complexity measures. However, greater improvement in gait variability was observed in NVF than VF. Conclusion: Given that visual feedback walking gives potential effectiveness on gait stability in older adults, gait training with visual feedback may be a robust therapeutic intervention in people with gait disturbances like instability or falls.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.12-22
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• 2016

Walking behaviors are one of the most basic transport modes in daily life. As a result, the efforts and concerns on pedestrians are consistently increased. This study tried to reveal significant factors for pedestrian volumes through structural equation models and compare the impacts of the whole time of day, off-peak time, peak time on the pedestrian volumes. The results of the analysis show that commercial business factors, accessibility factors, walking environment factors are the most significant factors that increase pedestrian volumes. Whereas, housing factors do not contribute to increase the pedestrian volumes. In the non-peak time, the weight of commercial business factors is higher than the whole time of day, while the weight housing factors, accessibility factors, walking environment factors are lower. In the peak time, however, the weight of commercial business factors decreases rather than the whole time of day, while the weight of the other factors increase.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.383-390
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• 2011

In this study, 26 normal subjects were studied to compare the biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limbs on Speed of Nordic Walking. The biomechanical variables were determined by performing three-dimensional gait analysis, and the measurements items were spatial and temporal parameters; vertical ground reaction force; and moments of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The purpose of this study based on the speed of Nordic Walking to the vertical ground reaction force and joint moments of each were analyzed. Nordic Walking with poles while being whether this weight is reduced to load, not the improvement of muscle activity by identify Nordic walking is to allow efficient. The results of the analysis were follows. The spatial parameters of step length, stride length significantly increased with increase in velocity(p<0.001). The temporal parameters of step time, stride time, the duration of double support use, and the duration of single support use also significantly decreased with increase in velocity(p<0.001), but cadence significantly increased(p<0.01). Analysis of the changes in ground reaction force revealed that vertical ground reaction force significantly increased at the initial contact and the terminal stance and decreased at the mid stance with increase in velocity(p<0.001). Moments of the hip and knee joints significantly in creased with increase in velocity whereas that of the ankle joint did not. Gait analysis revealed that weight-bearing decreased and moments of the hip and knee joints increased with increase in velocity(p<0.01). The results of this study may help people perform Nordic walking efficiently and Nordic walking can be used in the gait training of people with an abnormal gait.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1988.10a
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• pp.137-141
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• 1988

A sampled data controller for the quadruped walking robot is presented. To provide systematic design procedure, the relation between PI gain of velocity controller and sampling rate is analyzed with the ISE performance index and the time responses. The position controller for one-leg, 3-axis, was developed under consideration of compactness and expendability. And several experiments were performed.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.876-881
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• 2008

When biped robots speed up to run and reduce speed to walk after running, it needs stable speed translation. This paper proposed simple speed translation using the modified LIPM (Linear Inverted Pendulum Mode). We can change stride and period time of a biped robot in some bounded sets with this propose algorithm. This method is simple and effective in simulation.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2020

The pattern recognition or fuzzy inference, which is mainly used for the development of the automatic walking mode change of the above knee prosthesis, has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to estimate with the immediate change of the walking environment. In order to solve a disadvantage, this paper developed an algorithm that automatically converts the walking mode of the next step by estimating the walking environment at a specific gait phase. Since the proposed algorithm should be implanted and operated in the microcontroller, it is developed using the random forest base in consideration of calculation amount and estimated time. The developed random forest based gait and environmental estimation model were implanted in the microcontroller and evaluated for validity.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.250-257
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• 2018

Objecctives: This study investigates the effects of using customized walking aids individualized for stroke patients by measuring the effects of different cane lengths to determine the ideal length of walking aids for stroke patients. Methods: Cane lengths were determined from the greater trochanter with walking aids measured 5cm below, at the greater trochanter and 5cm above. All patients walked for ten meters with each cane length to measure speed. Then, we measured the opto gait, timed up go test, and electromyography three times each. Statistical analysis was performed using a linear mixed model, and in the case of significance, the p-value was corrected using the Bonferroni method. Results: There was a statistically significant differences in time up and go test(TUGT), 10m walking, stride and speed between the groups. Conclusions: Long cane length increases body symmetry, stride, increasing muscle activity, and short cane length increases balance and walking.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.386-394
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• 2023

This study investigated changes in salivary cortisol, lactic acid, and heart rate along the route during walking exercise in a forest environment for the purpose of reducing stress. Walking exercise in a forest environment was conducted on a Hill Type (Distance: 800m, Average slope 25°, Altitude 112m) and Step Type (Distance: 800m, Average slope 25°, Altitude 114m) routes for 10 female college students in their 20s. The subjects were asked to walk at a speed of 60 bpm. The resulting changes in salivary cortisol, lactate, and average heart rate during exercise were compared and analyzed using Repeated Measurement two-way ANOVA, and the maximum heart rate during exercise and average heart rate at rest were compared and analyzed using paired t-test, and the following results were obtained. First, there was no significant difference in salivary cortisol depending on the type and period of the forest, but it tended to gradually decrease. Second, there was a significant difference in lactic acid depending on the type and period, and it was higher in Step Type. Third, there was a significant difference in the average heart rate during exercise, and it was higher in Step Type. Fourth, there was a significant difference in maximum heart rate during exercise, and it was higher in Step Type. Fifth, there was no significant difference in average heart rate during rest. In summary, walking exercise in a forest environment can be effective for stress reduction for female college students in their 20s, but it appears that forest routes should be selected according to physical strength level, and walking exercise in a forest environment for long periods of time is not recommended. For this purpose, it is suggested that it is appropriate to select the Hill Type route.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2024

Walking can have a positive impact on cognitive function in adolescents. This study aimed to compare the effects of walking with sneakers and barefoot on cognitive ability in adolescents. Fifty-nine adolescent male students were included in the study and assigned to the control (n = 20), sneaker (n = 19), and barefoot (n = 20) groups. The barefoot and sneakers group performed a 40-min walking exercise four times a week for 12 weeks during the morning physical activity time, while the control group performed self-study. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and brain activity variables were measured before and after the exercise program. The results showed that after 12 weeks, the barefoot group had a significant decrease in Gamma and H-beta waves and a significant increase in sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) and Alpha waves. Conversely, the control group showed a significant decrease in SMR waves and increase in Theta waves. The sneaker group showed a significant decrease in SMR waves alone. In an eyes-open resting state, the barefoot group showed a significant increase in H-beta, M-beta, SMR, and Alpha waves. The barefoot group also had a significant increase in cognitive speed and concentration and a significant decrease in brain stress. Taken together, barefoot walking can effectively enhance cognitive ability in adolescents, as demonstrated by the significant variation in EEG activity. This research highlights the potential benefits of barefoot walking as a simple and effective form of exercise for enhancing cognitive function in adolescents.