• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.217-232
• /
• 2015

Clothing design considers the concept of human body proportions. This paper proposes an anterior somatotype and body proportion modular by head ratio for 20s to 30s Korean males. Anterior somatotype is classified into 18-types with 13 ratios that consist of 7 heights and 6 widths divided by stature. A total of 18-types are expressed in numerical values that represent the percentage of the stature and geometrical figures represented on the grids one unit is 1% of the stature. The torso is divided by 6 modules that are side neck to shoulder, shoulder to axillary, axillary to waist, waist to navel, navel to hip, and hip to crotch. Head and leg can be estimated as numerical information of stature and torso. Morphological characteristics of anterior somatotype are analyzed by 4 factors based on results and 18-types named by simple signs. We develop a new classification of anterior somatotype that integrate vertical and horizontal characters of body proportions. The use of integrated classification in the clothing industry is expected to increase the clothing fit.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.132-142
• /
• 2000

Purpose In Sasang Constitution Medicine, persons are divided into four types such as Taeyangin, Taeumin, Soyangin and Soeumin according to their appearance, moral nature and characteristic of constitutional symptoms. In teenager group, diagnosis of constitution based on their appearance was so difficult that we adopted new diagnostic method which measures and compares body compositions. Methods 180 middle school students who live in Pusan were studied from 20th of March, 1999 to 20th of March, 2000. After practicing Questionnaire(I), QSCC(Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution) I , QSCCII, we have measured the height and body compositions with Inbody 3.0, five times. Results 1. The results of Sasang Constitution analysis showed 91 students were classified as Taeumin(50.3%), 75 as Soyangin(41.4%), 14 as Soeumin(7.7%), and 1 as Taeyangin(0.6%). 2. The level of total body water, muscle area, BMR(Basal Metabolic Rate), BCM(Body Cell Mass), and AMC(Arm Muscle Circumference) were increased during spring and summer. That of body weight, fat body weight, fat body weight ratio, waist hip ratio, and BMI(Body Mass Index were increased during fall and winter. 3. In Taeumin and Soyangin groups, the changed capacity of total body water, muscle area and BMR were increased with statistical significance. 4. Waist hip ratio of Soeumin group was reduced more than those of Taeumin, Soyangin groups with statistical significance.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.749-772
• /
• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 신체적 매력의 기준인 WHR(waist-to-hip ratio)과 황금비가 타당한지를 검증하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 대학생 남자 60명과 여자 60명을 각각 같은 수의 두 집단으로 나눈 다음, 3D 게임 프로그램을 이용하여 한 집단은 자신이 생각하는 이성, 다른 집단은 자신이 생각하는 동성의 이상형을 구현하도록 했다. 이렇게 구현한 이상형의 WHR과 황금비를 측정하여, 신체적 매력의 기준인 WHR(여성: .7, 남성: .9) 및 황금비(혹은 1.618)와 비교하였다. 그 결과, 참가자의 이상형은 그들의 성별에 상관없이 여성과 남성의 WHR을 매력의 기준치보다 낮게 구현했다. 즉, 참가자들은 남성과 여성의 몸매가 허리가 얇고 골반이 넓은 굴곡진 체형을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 다양한 방식으로 측정한 황금비의 경우에도 참가자들이 만든 이상형은 이론적인 비율과 거의 대부분 측정치에서 큰 차이가 있었다. BR(body ratio) 점수로 측정한 신체 비율을 보면, 참가자들은 매력적인 캐릭터를 황금비보다 다리를 짧고 허리도 짧게 묘사했으며, 특히 이상적인 남성이 이러한 특성을 더 많이 가지고 있었다. FR(facial ratio)과 FR_VP(facial ratio_vertical point)로 측정한 얼굴 비율에서 참가자들이 만든 매력적인 얼굴 형태는 참가자나 캐릭터의 성별과 관계없이 모두 황금비보다 얼굴이 짧고 넓은 단방형 얼굴의 남녀를 선호했다. 참가자들은 여자 캐릭터 얼굴로 하부 대비 상부가 넓은 동안(baby face)을 선호했고, 남자 캐릭터의 얼굴로 상부 대비 하부가 넓은 남성적 얼굴형을 선호했다. 마지막으로, 이러한 연구 결과의 의미와 함께, 이 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.355-359
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare the level of blood glucose and lactate and also plasma LDH production of college women in relation to exercise. College female student which majored athletics (E, exercise group, n=43) were recruited and compared with college women (Control group, n=60). Anthropometric measurements, triceps skinfold thickness were measured of two groups. And body fat mass and waist and hip circumferences were measured and the concentrations of plasma glucose, lactic acid and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were also assayed. Average height and weight of E group were slightly higher than that of control group. but there is no difference in body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) between two groups. The percentage of body fat and body fat mass(kg) in E group was slightly lower than that of control group. Plasma glucose and LDH levels of E group were higher than those of control group, and plasma lactic acid concentration was significantly increased.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.430-436
• /
• 1999

This study investigated the correlations among nutrient intakes, and immune status in Korean young women in relation to body mass index(BMI). Subjects were classified as underweight, normal or overweight, with anthropometric measurements of these three groups significatly different in terms of weight, body fat, waist measurement, hip measurement, waist/hip ratio(WHR), and skindfold thickness(p<0.001). Average vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium and zinc levles were lower than the Korean RDA. Vitamin A levels were found to be significantly correlated with BMI(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in total T and B lymphocytes or IgG, IgG, and IgM levels with respect to BMI, but Natural Killer(NK) cell levels were found significantly increased with increased BMI(p<0.05). BMI was also positively correlated with iron intake and negatively correlated with vitamin A intake in the normal group. Based upon this study, further research on nutritional, immune and trace-mineral status of overweight and underweight young women is required for better health promotion in this female populaton.

• 한방비만학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate efficacy and safety of Punica granatum L. Actinidia chinensis Planch. mixed extract on body fat. Methods: Thirty women were recruited ($25kg/m^2{\leq}body$ mass index [BMI]${\leq}29.9kg/m^2$) ($19yr{\leq}age{\leq}38yr$) and randomized to receive Punica granatum L. Actinidia chinensis Planch. mixed extract or placebo for 8 weeks. During the test, they visited four times including screening. Body fat mass, body fat rate, anthropometric dimensions at waist and hip, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured at screening and 8 weeks after screening. Adverse reaction were also checked each visit. Results: There were no significant differences in all index. But when divide experimental group by BMI index, age, and compliance, less than BMI $27kg/m^2$ group decreased body weight, body fat mass and more than BMI $27kg/m^2$ group also decreased body weight, body fat mass and waist circumference. Less than age 30 years group showed decline of waist circumference, fat free rate and T-cholesterol and more than age 30 years group showed decline of fat free mass. Group with compliance more than 95% was decreased BMI, fat free mass, and hip circumference. Conclusions: There was no significant efficacy as compared with placebo group, but as divide experimental group according to BMI index, age, compliance, mixed extract might be effective to reduce obesity index.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.519-524
• /
• 2010

This clinical study was done to examine comparison the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity index between patients with silent lacunar infarction and normal controls. We compared the components of metabolic syndrome and obesity index between patients silent lacunar infarction(n=62) and normal controls(n=72). The analysis of the data was done by Frequency Analysis, two sample t-test, Chi-square Test. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in patients of silent lacunar infarctions. Body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage, obesity ratio, metabolic syndrome were higher significantly in patients of silent lacunar infarctions than normal controls. Although statistically insignificant, waist circumference showed relatively higher in patients of silent lacunar infarction. This result emphasizes the importance of managing that hypertension, diabetes, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat percentage, obesity ratio, metabolic syndrome in silent lacunar infarction.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.765-772
• /
• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this research was to aid creating an effective sizing system for the vacation wear intended for Jeju's medical tourists, specifically females from the major countries including the USA, Japan, and Korea. Background: Medical tourism makes the gains of every year 40,000,000,000 dollar, every year 30% it is increasing. Thus the Jeju-do is propelling medical tourism. The body size each country is different. Consequently must set the body size standard for the women. Method: (1) It observed the body size of the Korean women of 2004 years and 2010 years. (2) It analyzed the body size of the women of the USA, China, Japan and Korea. (3) It set the sizing system of the women of the USA(ASTM), China (GB), Japan(JIS) and Korea(KS). Results: Korean adult females' height in 2010 has increased from 2004. The Waist Back Length, Waist Front Length, Arm Length etc has also increased along with the Height. The upper body has become slimmer at the same time; the Chest Circumference, Bust Circumference, and Underbust Circumference have decreased. The lower body on the other hand has become bigger: the Waist Circumference and Hip Circumference have increased. The BMI has decreased by 0.4 from 2004 - the Height has increased while Weight has decreased. The Chest Circumference and Under Bust Circumference of Korean women across all age groups have increased at a proportional rate to other parts of body; however, the rate of increase in Chest Circumference was far greater. American females(Caucasians) had the greatest ratio of waist to bust (Waist Circumference/Chest Circumference), smallest ratio of Neck Base Circumference to Bust Circumference (neck/bust). Korean females had smallest ratio of Waist Circumference to Underbust Circumference(waist/bust). As for the drop of Chest Circumference and Waist Circumference, American females had the highest and Koreans had the lowest. As for the drop of Hip Circumference and Chest Circumference, Japanese had the highest and Americans had the lowest, but Japanese women at the same time showed the A line body shapes. As for difference of Chest Circumference and Underbust Circumference, American females had the biggest(13.73) followed by Korean(11.1), Japanese(10.9) and Chinese(10.5). Conclusion: The women of the USA, China, Japan and Korea body size is different. Especially the value of the Bust Circumference - the Underbust Circumference is different. Thus, it set the sizing system(Table 8).

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.1426-1436
• /
• 2004

There have been several reports on the relationship between G protein β3 subunit gene (GNB3), angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE), β3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3), and β2-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2) genotype and obesity or obesity related disease. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the combinations of these four genes' polymorphism and probability of obesity related disease in Korean female subjects. The experimental group was consisted of 85 obese Korean female subjects (body mass index, BMI≥27㎏/㎡). To determine the polymorphism, genomic DNA was isolated, and PCR was performed. Serological examinations (fasting plasma glucose, FPG; aspartate aminotranferase, AST; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; total cholesterol, TC; triglyceride, TG; high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL; low density lipoprotein-choles terol, LDL) were carried by an autoanalyzer and serological methods. BMI, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and waist hip ratio (WHR) were measured. Consequencely in the analysis with grouping of general genotyping and variant allele carrier/non-carrier, the result was not significantly different within all gene combinations and polymorphic pairings except higher waist circumference in Arg16Arg group of ADRB2 codon16 (P=0.024). And there was no significantly contrast result about age, height, weight, AST and ALT that are index feature of liver and gall bladder disease in polymorphic pairings of gene combinations. However, the statistical analysis of waist-hip ratio and waist circumference that could be recognized as the physical type of obesity showed T-Arg16 pairing carrier in GNB3-ADRB2 codon16 combination had increased WHR and WC significantly (P=0.046 and P=0.015 respectively). Futhermore, the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein choresteral (LDL) were significantly lower in C-I pairing of GNB3-ACE combination (P=0.032 and P=0.005). These results suggest that the T-Arg16 pairing carrier in GNB3-ADRB2 codon16 gene might have increased waist circumference and C-I pairing carrier in GNB3-ACE combination have lower possibility of contraction of cardiovascular disease related cholesterol and LDL despite of obese state.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.677-686
• /
• 2019

This study helps out-size consumers purchase ready-made clothes and improve fitness by classifying the lower bodies of abdomen-obese adult males in their 20s and older; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval of obesity type. The criteria for the 559 male subjects surveyed in this study were over $25kg/m^2$ of BMI, over 90 cm of waist, and over 0.85 waist hip ratio. The results are as follows. First, the higher the age group, the higher the degree of abdominal obesity in each age group. The degree of obesity then decreases somewhat as their age increases; however, the risk of abdominal obesity also increases. Second, 3 clusters were categorized by cluster analysis, into abdominal obesity, larger oval-type, trapezoid-type and small cylinder-type. Third, the size system establishment according to lower-body types resulted in basic body sizes and reference body sizes being different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names in the sections of respective types. The above research findings show it is necessary to understand obesity types according to waist and hip sizes that represent basic sizes and to design patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when lower-half body clothes are designed among obesity groups.