• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2012년 춘계학술대회
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• pp.573-577
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• 2012

Based on latest research, the parametric quality statistics cannot be used in non-normal process with demand pattern of many-variety and small-volume, since it involves extremely small sample size. The research proposes nonparametric quality statistics according to the number of lot or batch in the non-normal process. Additionally, the nonparametric Process Capability Index (PCI) is used with 14 identified non-normal distributions.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1970

Human body volumes were calculated from the measurments of body height and body weight. Equations Suited to express the relations of height, weight, and surface area to show the body volume were derived from the body volume measurements by means of underwater. weighing method. Underwater body weights were corrected for the residual volume of long obtained by the Rahn's three breath method. Underwater weighing was performed on 173 male subjects aged between 13 and 51 years. Subjects were divided into 4 age groups, namely, 13-16 years group of 47 subjects, 16-19 years group of 46 subjects, adult group aged between 22 and 38 years comprising 45 subjects, and middle-aged group (40-51 years) of 35 subjects. The group division was made on .the basis of physical growth and development. The following results were obtained. 1. Body height (H, cm), body weight (W, kg), body surface area $S,\; m^{2})$, and body volume (V, liter.) interrelated closely. V/S showed a high correlation with W/H and the coefficient of correlation was r=0.97 irrespective of age group differences of the subjects. The coefficients of correlation between V/S and W/H in the total mate subjects as a single group was r=1.983. Subsequently the following regression equation was obtained. V = S X (54.84 W/H + 14.08) The agreement of body volume values obtained by the calculation and underwater weighing in the total subject group was better than that of the separate age group division. 2. The calculated values of body volume were: 40.4 l (euiqvalent to the body density value of 1.0562 kg/1) in 13-16 years group; 52.0 l (equivalent to density value of 1.0723 kg/l) in 16-19 years group; 55.3 l (equivalent to density value of 1.0570 kg/l) In the adult group; and 54. 0 l (equivalent to density value of 1.074 kg/l) in the middle-age group. The mean deviation of calculated from the measured volume value ranged between ${\pm}0.55$ and ${\pm}0.81$ liters. 3. The correlation between V/S and mean skinfold thickness of 4 sites (arm, back, iliac and chest) was high, namely, the coefficient of correlation was r=0.656. The coefficients of correlation between V./S and the $R\"{o}hrer$ index ranged between r=0.668 and r=0.810 affected by the difference in group age of the subject. The body volume (V) alone correlated poorly than V/S with mean skinfold thickness (r=0.606) and the $R\"{o}hrer$ index (r ranged between 0.274 and 0.588).

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.100-109
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to study the recognition of real somatotype and body of college women. The study was carried out by classifying somatotypes into three categories based on the body index; slim, normal, and obese somatotype. The subject of this study was 106 college women, and real measurement and survey were used. Data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0 and cross tabulation analysis, t-test, Anova, and correlation analysis were operated. The result is as follows. 1. The height of the subjects was 163.5cm, weight was 53.3kg, Rohrer index was 1.2, BMI was 19.9, Vervaeck index was 84.4 and the classification based on the body index belonged to the normal group. 2. The characteristics of groups divided by the body index are that slimmer groups is longer in length factor and smaller in the factors related with volume than other groups. The characteristics of groups classified by self-consciousness shows significant difference in all girth factors, back intersyce breadth, front intersyce breadth, neck to nipple length, and nipple to nipple breadth. 3. Conscious about the somatotype with using body index generally shows similarity. In the length factor including height, slim somatotype group is perceived as longer than normal somatotype group, and in the girth factor including weight, normal somatotype group is recognized as bigger and thicker than others.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제30권1_2호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2018

목 적 : 부분절제술 시행 후 좌측 유방암 환자의 방사선 치료 시 적용된 각 방사선 치료 기법 별 선량을 후향적으로 분석하여 정상장기와 종양용적의 선량적 결과를 전형적인 분할치료 선량(EQD2)을 고려한 선량 결과를 도출함으로써 임상적 참고 지표로 활용하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 본원에서 시행한 좌측 유방암 환자 중 부분절제술을 시행한 40명을 대상으로 3가지의 치료기법으로 구분하여 적용하였다. 각 치료법의 총 종양용적과 임상적 표적용적에서 HI(homogeneity index), $D_{95%}$, 그리고 CI(conformity index)값, 그리고 $V_{hot}$ 수치를 도출한 후 치료계획을 평가하였다. 사이버나이프를 이용한 경우 종양용적은 타 기법에서의 고선량 용적과 동일하여 임상적 표적용적는 고려하지 않았다. 정상장기에 대한 평가는 평균선량을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 세가지 치료법의 HI는 3D-CRT, VMAT, RIMRT 모두 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 체적조절 호형 방사선치료(VMAT)을 이용한 치료의 경우 임상적 표적용적의 $D_{95%}$의 경우 $95.84{\pm}0.75%$로 3차원 입체조형 방사선 치료(3D-CRT) 치료법에 비해 높은 값을 나타냈다. 총 종양용적의 $D_{95%}$값은 다른 치료법들에 비해 미세하게 높은 결과를 보여줬다. 사이버나이프를 이용한 치료법은 정상장기들에 조사되는 선량이 타 치료법에 비해 현저하게 낮았다. 결 론 : 3D-CRT의 경우 DIBH를 동반하여 치료할 경우 전반적으로 심장을 보호하는데 유용한 치료 기법이며 VMAT의 경우 탁월한 TARGET COVERAGE를 나타내지만 저 선량 영역이 타 기법에 비해 넓은 것을 알 수 있다. 그러나 앞선 두 가지 치료법에서 치료계획 평가를 위한 대부분의 선량적 지표에서 비슷한 값을 보여 치료 계획 결과 및 평가에서는 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 환자의 해부학적 구조나 호흡 조절 가능 유무에 따라 치료기법 선택이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. 사이버나이프를 이용한 치료의 경우 종양용적에 정확한 고 선량을 주며 정상장기 보호에 매우 유용한 치료법이지만 국소부위 치료만 가능한 점, 치료시간이 상대적으로 긴 점, 치료 전 침습적 시술인 금침 삽입술을 해야 하는 제약이 있다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제33권
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

목 적: 본 연구에서는 자궁경부암 방사선치료 시 전산화치료계획에 없던 직장 내 가스 용적 변화에 따른 선량변화를 비교 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 인체모형 팬텀(Anderson Research Laboratories Inc, RANDO^TM phantom, USA)의 전산화 단층촬영 영상에 전산화치료계획시스템(Eclipse^TM Treatment Planning System, Varian, Palo Alto, version 15.6, USA)으로 9개의 필드를 이용한 정적 세기조절방사선치료계획(Static Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, S-IMRT)과 Full arc로 두 방향의 체적변조회전방사선치료계획(Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, VMAT)을 수립하였다. 임의의 가스 변수는 0.5 cm 단위로 2.0 cm까지 변화를 주어 계획표적체적(Planning Target Volume, PTV)에 포함될 수 있도록 하였다. 표적에 대한 처방선량지수(Conformity Index, CI), 선량균질지수(Homogeneity Index, HI), PTV D_max를 구하였고, 손상위험장기(Organ At Risk, OAR)에 대한 최소선량(Minimum Dose, D_min)과 평균선량((Mean Dose, D_mean), 최대선량(Maximum Dose, D_max)을 계산하여 비교하였다. T-검정을 실시하여 p-value를 구했으며 유의수준은 0.05로 설정하였다. 결 과: S-IMRT와 VMAT의 HI 결정계수(R²)는 0.9423, 0.8223으로 상관관계가 비교적 명확하였고, PTV D_max 결과 임의의 가스 용적이 커질수록 최대 2.8%까지 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. OAR의 경우 두 전산화치료계획 모두 방광에서 유의한 차이가 없었고, 직장의 경우 +1.0 cm 이상의 가스 용적에서 두 전산화치료계획 모두 D_mean 700 cGy 이상의 유의한 선량 차이가 나타났다. 방광의 D_mean을 제외한 모든 값에서 p-value 0.05 이하로 통계적인 유의한 차이를 확인하였다. 결 론: 기준 전산화치료계획에 없던 가스 발생 시 가스 용적 크기가 커질수록 PTV의 선량 변화와 직장에 전달되는 선량이 증가하였다. 방사선치료 진행 시 직장 가스의 용적이 클 경우 발생 할 수 있는 선량 전달 오류를 최소화하기 위한 노력이 반드시 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. 향후 가스 용적의 다양한 크기와 위치를 변수로 설정하여 추가적인 연구가 진행되어진다면 유익한 평가가 이루어 질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2009

Purpose: There are numerous reports about the usefulness of antibiotics such as doxycycline or metronidazole in the conventional treatment for the patients with chronic periodontal diseases. However, seldom are the reports about effects of vitamins or nutraceuticals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutrient supplement including multiple vitamins and neutraceuticals with PRF-K2 from plants and seaweed in treatment of the patients with chronic periodontitis which is needed a nonsurgical or a surgical treatment by evaluating the clinical parameters and the gingival crevicular fluid volume. Methods: The systemically healthy and nonsmoking patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were divided into a nonsurgical group and a surgical group. They were also divided into the test group with nutrient supplements and the control group without nutrient supplements. In the nonsurgical group, the clinical parameters (probing depth, clinical attachment level, sulcus bleeding index, and plaque index) and the gingival crevicular fluid volume were checked on baseline, at 1 week, at 3 week and at 9 week after a supplement treatment. In the surgical group, the clinical parameters and the gingival crevicular fluid volume were also checked at 15 week after a surgical treatment. Results: In both nonsurgical and surgical groups, reduction of pocket depth and increment of clinical attachment level were revealed in the test group compared with the control group, but there was not statistically significant difference (p>0.05), and sulcus bleeding index was decreased with statistically significant difference (p<0.05). In addition, plaque index was decreased with statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the nonsurgical group. Gingival crevicular fluid volume was decreased with statistically significant difference (p<0.05) at week 9 in both non-surgical and surgical groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results demonstrate that providing nutrient supplement in both nonsurgical or surgical periodontal treatments may improve gingival inflammation and gingival crevicular fluid.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2018년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.362-364
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• 2018

Predicting network traffic volume has become a popular topic recently due to its support in many situations such as detecting abnormal network activities and provisioning network services. Especially, predicting the volume of the next upcoming traffic from the series of observed recent traffic volume is an interesting and challenging problem. In past, various techniques are researched by using time series forecasting methods such as moving averaging and exponential smoothing. In this paper, we propose a long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) based network traffic volume prediction method. The proposed method employs the changing rate of observed traffic volume, the corresponding time window index, and a seasonality factor indicating the changing trend as input features, and predicts the upcoming network traffic. The experiment results with real datasets proves that our proposed method works better than other time series forecasting methods in predicting upcoming network traffic.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.275-287
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• 2020

Since its introduction in the forensic field, quantitative PCR (qPCR) has played an essential role in DNA analysis. Quality of DNA should be evaluated before short tandem repeat (STR) profiling to obtain reliable results and reduce unnecessary costs. To this end, various human DNA quantification kits have been developed. Among these kits, the PowerQunat® System was designed not only to determine the total amount of human DNA and human male DNA from a forensic evidence item, but also to offer data about degradation of DNA samples. However, a crucial limitation of the PowerQunat® System is its high cost. Therefore, to minimize the cost of DNA quantification, we evaluated kit performance using a reduced volume of reagents (1/2-volume) using DNA samples of varying types and concentrations. Our results demonstrated that the low-volume method has almost comparable performance to the manufacturer's method for human DNA quantification, human male DNA quantification, and DNA degradation index. Furthermore, using a reduced volume of regents, it is possible to run 2 times more reactions per kit. We expect the proposed low-volume method to cut costs in half for laboratories dealing with large numbers of DNA samples.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2023

Purpose: This study purposes to analyze the determinants of the volume of Indonesian tuna exports. Research design, data and methodology: The framework was developed from the gravity model for trade, which was expanded with additional variables of competitiveness, exchange rate, and industrial share of the destination country. The data sources used in this study are UN Comtrade and the World Bank. The data used is yearly data from 12 countries in 2001-2019. The scope of the study is limited to exports to the twelve main export destinations. Panel data regression analysis is used to determine the factors that affect the volume of Indonesian tuna exports. Results: The results show that according to the theory, Indonesia's GDP has a positive effect and economic distance has a negative effect on the volume of the exports. Meanwhile, the GDPs of the destination countries are not proven to have a positive effect. However, the higher the industrial share in the country, the higher the export volume tends to be. Conclusions: The conclusion obtained from this study is that Indonesia's GDP, economic distance, real exchange rate, industrial GDP share of the destination country, and the RCA index affect the volume of Indonesian tuna exports.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2006년도 제33회 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.121-121
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• 2006