• Title/Summary/Keyword: volume expansion

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Varietal Variation of Cooking Quality and Interrelationship between Cooking and Physicochemical Properties of Rice Grain (쌀 취반특성의 품종간 변이 및 이화학적 특성과의 관계)

  • Kwang-Ho Kim
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.45-54
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    • 1994
  • Cooking characteristics of ninety five non-glutinous and twenty six glutinous varieties were checked for understanding the varietal variation and interrelationship between the cooking and physicochemical properties of rice grain. The greatest variation in non-glutinous and glutinous rice varieties was observed in iodine blue value and the next large variation was recognized in amount of soluble solid in cooking water. Average values of volume expansion rate, iodine blue value and amounts of soluble solid in cooking water were different among domestic-bred japonica, Korean local and foreign rice varieties. Korean-bred japonica rice cultivars can be classified into several groups having same cooking quality such as <Jangan.·Seoan>, <Jinmi·Ilpum· Daeseong>, <Seohae·Namwon·Yeongduk>, <Chucheong·Bongkwang>, <Odae·Keumo> and <Hwacheong·Donghae·Palgong> by the distribution on the plane of 1st and 2nd principal components contracted from four cooking characteristics. Glutinous rice cultivars can be grouped into several different cooking quality types such as <Nonglimna 1·Suwon 357·Jodo·Inbujinado>, <Sangnambatbyeo·Jeokdo>, <Mujudo·Daigol-mochi>, <Daegoldo·Jindo>, <Jinbuchal·Colored Daegoldo>, <Shinseonchal·Hung-Tsan> and <Agudo·Irakdo> by the same analysis. Positive correlation was found between volume expansion rate and water absorption rate at 21℃. Iodine blue value was correlated negatively with amounts of soluble solid, and positively with amylose content in non-glutinous rices. In glutinous rices volume expansion rate showed positive relationship with iodine blue value, amounts of soluble solid and gel consistency. Iodine blue value was also positively correlated with alkali digestion value in glutinous rice.

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A Study on Influence of Firing Temperature and Temper Content on the Physical Properties of Earthenware Coffin (소성온도와 혼입물 함량이 옹관의 물성에 주는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyu Been;Chung, Kwang Yong
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.373-381
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    • 2014
  • Adding temper into clay prevents to shrink and crack, or twist the clay during the dry process. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of temper and the physical property of earthenware coffin according to the clay state modification in the reduction firing based on earthenware coffins found in Naju which had been made in Three Kingdom Period. Clay from the Oryang-dong site in Naju was used as circle shaped samples. The samples were tempered with various proportions (0%, 20%, 40%) and fired in various temperature ($1000^{\circ}C$, $1100^{\circ}C$, $1200^{\circ}C$). Physical properties were identified by macroscopy, an optical microscope (x50), specific gravity and porosity. Chemical components and existence of specific minerals were identified by analysing XRF and XRD. As a result, the more firing temperature increase, clay volume expansion. To prevent the volume expansion, temper was added.

Effect of Storage Temperature and Packing Method on the Fermentation Chacteristics of Kakdugi (Diced Radish Kimchi) (저장온도와 포장방법에 따른 깍두기의 발효특성)

  • 김영애;이숙희;정근옥;박건영;문숙희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.971-976
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    • 2002
  • Effect of storage temperature and packing method on the changes in pH, acidity, the levels of lactic acid bacteria, volume expansion of packages and the colorness during the fermentation of kakdugi (diced radish kimchi) were investigated. The fermentation characteristics were greatly influenced by the temperature. The pH of kakdugi fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$ was 4.10 at 3 days, while the pH of kakdugi fermented at $0^{\circ}C$ was 4.03 at 18 days. The acidity of kakdugi fermented at $0^{\circ}C$ very slowly increased compared to that of the kakdugi fermented at 15$^{\circ}C$, 1$0^{\circ}C$ or 5$^{\circ}C$. The required days to reach the acidity of 0.6% (optimally ripened state) were 6 days at 15$^{\circ}C$, 7 days at 1$0^{\circ}C$, 18 days at 5$^{\circ}C$ and 30 days at $0^{\circ}C$. Despite of different fermentation temperature, the numbers of Leuconostoc sp. in optimally ripened kakdugi were similar. However, Lactobacillus sp. in kakdugi fermented at $0^{\circ}C$ was the smallest in number. Also, the volume expansion of aluminum pack was the lowest in kakdugi fermented at $0^{\circ}C$. Both pH and acidity of the kakdugi fermented in different packing condition did not show any difference at 1$0^{\circ}C$ for 20 days, however, the color of the kakdugi was affected by a packing method. Aluminium laminate package in which Ca(OH)$_2$ Pack stuck inside resulted in decolorization of kakdugi compared with aluminum package without Ca(OH)$_2$ pack or plastic jar. It showed the lowest redness and the highest lightness and yellowness. These results indicated that fermentation at $0^{\circ}C$ could increase storage period of kakdugi with minimum growth of Lactobacillus sp., and plastic jar might relieve the problem of volume expansion and decolorization of kakdugi.

A Study on Expansion of Anchorage according to increased Trading Volume at Pyeongtaek Port (평택항 물동량 증가에 따른 정박지 확장 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Chang-Hyun;Lee, Hong-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.663-670
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    • 2014
  • The Pyeongtaek port is expected lack of waiting anchorage due to increase of incoming ships whit increasing of trading volume in the near future. In case of an anchorage facility's structural alternations and expansion, it should be considered comprehensively how it affects other anchorage facilities. In addition, the volume of ship traffic to relevant area should be estimated accurately and then the facility's scale is calculated. In this paper, researchers calculated cargo per unit ship with the throughput for every ship and predicted the number of ships which had entered Pyeongtaek port. As a result, the port's ability to be docked was predicted to be not enough in 2030. It will exceed the number of ships able to cast anchor at specific two parts simultaneously 12.6 and 1.6 respectively consequently, the necessity to expand the ports was suggested. Hence, the best expansion plan was examined with analysis of marine transportation environment at each ports and the improvements suggested are anchoring ships at Ippado anchorage is 19.7 and the one at Janganseo anchorage is 12.6.

Effect of Rice Protein on the Network Structure of Jeung-Pyun (증편 구조에 미치는 쌀 단백질의 영향)

  • 이해은;이아영;박주연;우경자;한영숙
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.396-402
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    • 2004
  • The aim of this study was to examine the effect of rice protein on the network structure of the Jeung-Pyun. The major component of Jeung-Pyun rice protein was extracted, the change of rice protein during the Jeung-Pyun fermentation was assessed, and the effect on the viscosity and volume of adding protease to Jeung-Pyun was investigated. In addition, the result of adding protein to rice starch on the viscosity and volume of Jeung-Pyun was that the rice protein mediated the volume and expansion ability. The results were as follows. In rice and dough of Jeung-Pyun, the SDS soluble protein content was higher than that of wheat flour and no change was detected in the amount of extracted protein with the fermentation time. However, in the FPLC pattern, low molecular weight peaks were decreased with the fermentation time, which indicates the increase in the ratio of high molecular weight substances. In contrast, the addition of protease substantially decreased, the viscosity and volume of Jeung-Pyun, whereas the viscosity and volume were increased by adding protein to rice starch in order to reconstitute Jeung-Pyun. This suggested that rice protein in Jeung-Pyun had a mediating effect on both the volume and the formation of the texture.

An Analysis of Influence Factors for the Remodeling Project Management of Apartment Buildings -Focused on Construction Phase- (공동주택 리모델링 사업관리를 위한 영향요인 분석 -시공단계를 중심으로-)

  • Shim, Gyu-Jung;Seo, Jong-Min;Na, Young-Ju;Song, Yong-Sik;Kim, Sun-Kuk
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.8 no.5
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2008
  • Housing development, particularly apartment buildings, has been increasingly growing due to the construction promotion policy of the government since the 1980s. However such a volume-oriented policy results in unfavorable side effect of substandard quality and early deterioration in line with the expansion in volume. As part of measures to deal with the problems, rebuilding and remodeling have surfaced as alternative recently. Remodeling is expected to create the more benefits, compared to the rebuilding, in cost, efficiency and duration. To come up with the solution to such a challenge, it's necessary to analyze the influence factors of remodeling. Hence, the study was intended to compare the remodeling in the aspect of influence factors. The results of this study is expected to the propose of effectual management factors of the remodeling construction.

A Study on Residual Stress of SiC Whisker Reiforced AI Alloy/$ZrO_2$ Joints (SiC 휘스커강화 금속복합재료와 지르코니아 접합체의 잔류응력 해석에 관한 연구)

  • 주재황;박명균
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.4 no.6
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    • pp.18-26
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    • 1996
  • A two dimensional thermo elasto-plastic finite element stress analysis was performed to study residual stress distributions in AI composites reinforced by SiC whisker and $ZrO_2$ ceramic joints. The influences on the residual stress distributions due to the difference of the reinforcement volume fraction and interlayer material property were investigated. Specifically, stress distributions between AI interlayer material property were investigated. Specifically, stress distributions between AI interlayer and $ZrO_2$ ceramic and between the AI interlayer and AI composite were computationally analzed.

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Convolution and Deconvolution Algorithms for Large-Volume Cosmological Surveys

  • Park, KeunWoo;Rossi, Graziano
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.50.4-51
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    • 2015
  • Current and planned deep multicolor wide-area cosmological surveys will map in detail the spatial distribution of galaxies and quasars over unprecedented volumes, and provide a number of objects with photometric redshifts more than an order of magnitude bigger than that of spectroscopic redshifts. Photometric information is statistically more significant for studying cosmological evolution, dark energy, and the expansion history of the universe at a fraction of the cost of a full spectroscopic survey, but intrinsically carries a bias due to noise in the distance estimates. We provide convolution- and deconvolution-based algorithms capable of removing this bias -- thus able to exploit the full cosmological information -- in order to reconstruct intrinsic distributions and correlations between distance-dependent quantities. We then show some direct applications of our techniques to the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) datasets. Our methods impact a broader range of studies, when at least one distance-dependent quantity is involved; hence, they will be useful for upcoming large-volume surveys, some of which will only have photometric information.

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Evaluation of Elastic Modulus in a Particulate Reinforced Composite by Shape Memory Effect (형상기억입자 강화 복합체의 탄성계수 평가)

  • Kim, Hong-Geon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 2001
  • The theoretical modeling to predict the modulus of elasticity by the shape memory effect of dispersed particles in a metal matrix composite was studied. The modeling approach is based on the Eshelbys equivalent inclusion method and Mori-Tanakas mean field theory. The calculation was performed on the TiNi particle dispersed Al metal matrix composites(PDMMC) with varying volume fractions and prestrains of the particle. It was found that the prestrain has no effect on the Yonugs modulus of PDMMC but the volume fraction does affects it. This approach has an advantage of definite control of Youngs modulus in PDMMCs.

The Properties of Steel Slag Aggregate Treated with Aging Process in Concrete (에이징 처리한 콘크리트용 제강슬래그 골재의 품질)

  • 문한영;유정훈;천승환;백우열
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.105-108
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, we evaluated the suitability of steel slag(is divided with electric arc furnace slag and converter slag) as concrete aggregate by measuring physical and chemical characteristics of it. The steel slag mainly contains SiO$_2$ and CaO as the chemical composition. The reaction with water and a little of free CaO in the slag causes slag's volume to expand. Therefore, we used several aging methods in order to decrease the characteristics of slag volume expansion. The physical properties of steel slag aggregate are researched and then the strength of concrete with the steel slag aggregate is measured.

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