• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.37-46
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• 2003

The quantitative analysis of view tells how surroundings and sky are showed, and requires understanding of visual perception and three dimensional information of buildings. The visual perception and the existing projection methods for view analysis are examined. The results of this study are as follows: The visual perception on the size is determined by the visual angle, which can be described as a solid angle. The analysis of view by planar projection can be narrow-sighted according to the size of the window and the location of the viewpoint, which will cause the obstacles in the normal direction of the window interfere the view. For the analysis of view by fisheye projection, the area around the focus point is calculated wider than other areas, and so the view ratio depends on the position of the focus point. When analyzing sky view by dividing the sky vault into the differential area, the distortion by projection can be minimized.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.33-48
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to define the moaning and features of humor in modern fashion. by examining how it's being grafted into fashion, based on artistic expression including collage, assemblage, photo montage, graffiti, transformation, distortion, exaggeration and optical illusion. Beside. humor of fashion is to examine not only laugh and fun but also formative expression and creativity. Furthermore, it is to enlarge the range of conception for future fashion. The findings of this study could be described as below: The features of humorous fashion by collage and assemblage boiled down to unexpectedness, disharmony and creativity. The photo montage was marked by popularity, reproduction and recreativity, and graffiti was characterized by attention, simpleness, and amusement. And there were unexpectedness, creativity and strangeness in transformation, distortion, magnification and optical illusion. The meaning of humorous fashion that carries such features could eventually be summarized into the followings : First, the fashion, from which collage, assemblage, photo montage. graffiti, transformation, distortion, magnification and optical illusion were detected. could be sorted out into several categories that used different things : introduction of objects of different nature, dramatic impression and wit based on photo montage technique, introduction of comic components and infant image, and destruction of aesthetic principles. Second, the substance of humor in art could be applied to fashion design as well as visual art. Humor is a property related to accidental, unexpected incident, behavior, situation or idea, and it puts laugh, disharmony or awkwardness in fashion. Third, spicing fashion with humor could serve to draw people's attention, break down the barrier among people exposed to dry sentiment, and connect the public with art.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.3C
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• pp.307-314
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• 2003

In the general multiple video object coder, more interested objects such as speaker or moving object is consistently coded with higher priority. Since the priority of each object may not be fixed in the whole sequence and be variable on frame basis, it must be adjusted in a frame. In this paper, we analyze the independent rate control algorithm and global algorithm that the QP value is controled by the static parameters, object importance or priority, target PSNR, weighted distortion. The priority among static parameters is analyzed and adjusted into dynamic parameters according to the visual interests or importance obtained by camera interface. Target PSNR and weighted distortion are proportionally derived by using magnitude, motion, and distortion. We apply those parameters for the weighted distortion control and the priority-based control resulting in the efficient bit-rate distribution. As results of this paper, we achieved that fewer bits are allocated for video objects which has less importance and more bits for those which has higher visual importance. The duration of stability in the visual quality is reduced to less than 15 frames of the coded sequence. In the aspect of PSNR, the proposed scheme shows higher quality of more than 2d13 against the conventional schemes. Thus the coding scheme interfaced to human- eye proves an efficient video coder dealing with the multiple number of video objects.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate and suggest nonviolent, emotionally and helpful games for young people. In this paper, the digital animation, advantages, disadvantages, production process, etc. for overseas trends were defined. Also, creating games with the Visual Basic language in the animated feature of the disadvantages of existing algorithms shows case and screen time, so delayed distortion appears respectively. The proposed algorithm improves the speed and distortion through the screen. Simply two games of in-game animation and animation in complex game features were designed for the experiment and showed the superiority of the proposed algorithm by running. In this paper, the user interface of the game for children and proposed relevant algorithms were designed and resultant screens of the game showed. Most of contemporary games are violent to children. Therefore, in order to solve such problems, the game which is not violent but educative and child-friendly was designed and implemented in this paper. The future study on the game with a more in-depth is needed for animation techniques.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.397-405
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• 2004

Texture mapping is the process of covering 3D models with texture images in order to increase the visual realism of the models. For proper mapping the coordinates of texture images need to coincide with those of the 3D models. When projective images from the camera are used as texture images, the texture image coordinates are defined by a camera calibration method. The texture image coordinates are determined by the relation between the coordinate systems of the camera image and the 3D object. With the projective camera images, the distortion effect caused by the camera lenses should be compensated in order to get accurate texture coordinates. The distortion effect problem has been dealt with iterative methods, where the camera calibration coefficients are computed first without considering the distortion effect and then modified properly. The methods not only cause to change the position of the camera perspective line in the image plane, but also require more control points. In this paper, a new iterative method is suggested for reducing the error by fixing the principal points in the image plane. The method considers the image distortion effect independently and fixes the values of correction coefficients, with which the distortion coefficients can be computed with fewer control points. It is shown that the camera distortion effects are compensated with fewer numbers of control points than the previous methods and the projective texture mapping results in more realistic image.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.1C
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• pp.72-82
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• 2004

This paper proposes more robust error concealment techniques (ECTs) for MPEG-2 intra coded frame. MPEG-2 source coding algorithm is very sensitive to transmission errors due to the use of variable-length coding. The transmission errors are corrected by error correction scheme, however, they cannot be revised properly. Error concealment (EC) is used to conceal the errors which are not corrected by error correction and to provide minimum visual distortion at the decoder. If errors are generated in intra coded frame, that is the starting frame of GOP, they are propagated to other inter coded frames due to the nature of motion compensated prediction coding. Such propagation of error may cause severe visual distortion. The proposed algorithm in this paper utilizes the spatio-temporal information of neighboring inter coded frames to conceal the successive slices errors occurred in I-frame. The proposed method also overcomes the problems that previous ECTs reside. The proposed algorithm generates consistent performance even in network where the violent transmission errors frequently occur. Algorithm is performed in MPEG-2 video codec and we can confirm that the proposed algorithm provides less visible distortion and higher PSNR than other approaches through simulations.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-188
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• 2005

Recently, Li, Brenner, Cornelissen and Kim (2002) reported that 2D shape perception during pursuit eye movement just reflected the retinal image, and this result implies that the visual system ignored the extra-retinal information. In reality, however, we usually do not experience the perceptual distottion of 2D shape during pursuit eye movement. One Possibility is that the visual system night exploit the fact that the relative location between objects on retinal image is constantly maintained even during pursuit eye movement. The present research examined this possibility. Interestingly, perceptual distortion of 2D shape was observed even in the presence of reference, however, the amount of distortion decreased compared to when the reference does not exist. The distance between the reference and the target affected the perceptual distortion. These results imply that reference information is used in 2D shape perception during pursuit eye movement but it cannot completely explain the stable and accurate representation of 2D shape perception during pursuit eye movement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2024

In X-ray projection, Unskilled radiologists become skilled through fail exam. This causes the patient to be exposed to unnecessary radiation. In this study, pre-position unskilled radiologic technologist presented ways to improve clinical proficiency. presented a skull lateral x-ray projection practice method using visual, spatial, and assistive devices. In addition, the accuracy and usefulness of the use of assistive devices were evaluated. When X-ray images were taken based on learning, the rotational spacing, which indicates image distortion, was 7.85 ± 1.45 mm and the tiliting spacing was 4.84 ± 0.5 mm. When practicing using visual aids, the rotational spacing is 4.4 ± 0.76 mm and the inclination spacing is 3.01 ± 0.87 mm. using a spatial compensation device, the rotational spacing is 5.2 ± 0.69 mm and the tiliting spacing is 3.33 ± 0.61 mm. Skull lateral X-ray Image distortion caused by empirical photography practice decreased by 5.4%, but image distortion caused by tilting increased by 1.2%. When practicing using a visual assistive devices, the degree of rotational spacing by 40.1% and the tiliting spacing decreased by 30.7% compared to the empirical x-ray exposure practice. When using spatial assistive devices, the rotation interval was reduced by 41.7% and the tilting interval by 23.7% compared to conventional empirical x-ray exposure practice. Therefore, if an unskilled radiologist practices using visual and spatial aids,the accuracy will be improved in skull lateral x-ray projection.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1094-1098
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• 2013

AVI (Automatic Vision Inspection) systems automatically detect defect features and measure their sizes via camera vision. Defect detection is not an easy process because of noises from various sources and optical distortion. In this paper the acquired images from a TFT panel are enhanced with the adoption of an HVS (Human Visual System). A human visual system is more sensitive on the defect area than the illumination components because it has greater sensitivity to variations of intensity. In this paper we modified an MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) in the Wavelet domain and utilized the characteristics of an HVS. The proposed algorithm flattens the inner illumination components while preserving the defect information intact.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.69-78
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• 2010

The irreversible 9/7 JPEG2000, which is one of sub-band coding techniques, has a problem of severe picture quality distortion at the edge and the background caused by the quantization error below 0.15bpp. In this paper, to solve such problems we propose a VQ(Visual Quantizer) based on L-pdf(Laplace probability density function) statistical characteristics of high frequency sub-bands. The proposed VQ is designed by visual parameter for improving the subjective quality and weighting parameter for increasing the compression ratio. A proposed method, based on 9/7 JPEG2000 scheme, gives the high subjective quality to reconstructed images below 0.15bpp and provides minimum MSE(Mean-Squared Error) regardless of the compression ratio.