• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.232-244
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• 2021

This study analyzed the changes in carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen and visual distance by presence of sprinkler heads and their types in the event of a fire in an indoor gymnasium. Based on carbon monoxide and visual distance that affects human bodies enormously, first, if there is no sprinkler head, carbon monoxide will reach 0.4% within five seconds and visual distance rapidly shrank within five seconds. Seconds, in the event of standard sprinkler heads, carbon monoxide gradually increased from 30 seconds onwards and visual distance rapidly shrank after five seconds. Second, Third, if there are special sprinkler heads, carbon monoxide fluctuated after opening the head and visual distance became 5m or below from 15 seconds. Finally, in the event of early response sprinkler heads, carbon monoxide fluctuated up and down at 3 seconds due to falling water drops. Visual distance shrank up to 5m or below at 6 seconds. In the future, time for operation of each sprinkler head shall be analyzed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2011

This paper looks at the development of the visual system of robots, and the development of image processing algorism to measure the size of an object and the distance from robot to an object for the visual system. Robots usually get the visual systems with a camera for measuring the size of an object and the distance to an object. The visual systems are accurately impossible the size and distance in case of that the locations of the systems is changed and the objects are not on the ground. Thus, in this paper, we developed robot's visual system to measure the size of an object and the distance to an object using two cameras and two-degree robot mechanism. And, we developed the image processing algorism to measure the size of an object and the distance from robot to an object for the visual system, and finally, carried out the characteristics test of the developed visual system. As a result, it is thought that the developed system could accurately measure the size of an object and the distance to an object.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1723-1737
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• 2016

When watching 3D contents, people often experience various visual discomforts like tiredness, dryness, headaches, and dizziness. Previous researches on visual discomfort analyzed and concluded vergence-accommodation conflict, viewing distance, and brightness changes to be the causes of visual discomfort. Yet it is necessary to systematically analyze the visual discomfort due to the changes in object, background brightness and viewing distance. In this paper, we produce four videos that have four different background brightness and two different viewing distances to solve analyze the visual discomfort from watching 3D contents. We measure and analyze eye-blink and saccadic movement, saccadic latency, Nearest Point of Convergence (NPC), and participant survey for amore accurate result compared to previous researches. Our results show that the eye-blink rate and saccadic latency increase when the background is bright and viewing distance is close while the saccadic movement decreases in the same environment. However, NPC only changes when the background brightness changes. We confirm that the bright background and near viewing distance create greater visual discomfort and decrease depth perception abilities.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2010

목적: 원용안경의 양안 주시점 이동에 따른 양안시에 미치는 프리즘 굴절력 산출 프로그램 개발. 방법: 델파이 6.0 프로그래밍 언어를 사용하여 원용안경에서 양안 주시점 이동에 따른 상대적인 양안 프리즘 굴절력을 컴퓨터 화면에서 양안 주시점 이동 거리를 마우스로 드래그하여 산출할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하였다. 결과: 원용안경에서 양안 주시점 이동에 따른 상대적인 양안 프리즘 굴절력을 산출하는 프로그램을 개발하였는데, 마우스 버턴을 이용하여 양안 주시점 궤적을 컴퓨터 화면에 표시하여 주시점 궤적을 확인할 수 있도록 하였으며, 프리즘 굴절력의 변화를 그래프로 확인할 수 있도록하여 사용자가 프로그램을 편리하게 이용하도록 하였다. 결론: 개발되어진 프로그램을 사용하면 사용자들은 원용안경의 양안 주시점의 이동에 따른 상대적인 양안 프리즘 굴절력을 쉽게 계산할 수 있으며 안정피로 해석에 많은 도움을 받을 수 있을 것이다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2015

Auditory and visual stimuli presented in the peripheral visual field were perceived as spatially coincident when the auditory stimulus was presented five to seven degrees outwards from the direction of the visual stimulus. Furthermore, judgments of the perceived distance between auditory and visual stimuli presented in the periphery did not increase when an auditory stimulus was presented in the peripheral side of the visual stimulus. As to the origin of this phenomenon, there would seem to be two possibilities. One is that the participants could not perceptually distinguish the distance on the peripheral side because of the limitation of accuracy perception. The other is that the participants could distinguish the distances, but could not evaluate them because of the insufficient experimental setup of auditory stimuli. In order to confirm which of these two alternative explanations is valid, we conducted an experiment similar to that of our previous study using a sufficient number of loudspeakers for the presentation of auditory stimuli. Results revealed that judgments of perceived distance increased on the peripheral side. This indicates that we can perceive discrimination between audio and visual stimuli on the peripheral side.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1183-1186
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• 2009

We have developed several three-dimensional display systems matched to human visual field characteristics. In this article, we describe these systems corresponding to a close-range, mid-distance and distance view, and also the image pickup equipments related to these display systems.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.559-564
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• 1994

Recently, a visual servoing for an eye-in-hand robot has become an interesting problem. A distance between a camera and a task object is very useful information for visual servoing. In the previous works for visual servoing, the distance can be obtained from the difference between a reference and a measured feature value of the object such as area on image plane. However, since this feature depends on the object, the reference feature value must be changed when other task object is taken. To overcome this difficulty, this paper presents a novel method for visual servoing. In the proposed method, a blur is used to obtain the distance. The blur, one of the most important features, depends on the focal length of camera. Since it is not affected by the change of object, the reference feature value is not changed although other task object is taken. In this paper, we show a relationship between the distance and the blur, and define the feature jacobian matrix based on camera defocusing to operate the robot. A series of experiments is performed to verify the proposed method.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a method for estimating the pose of the camera using a rectangle feature utilized for the visual SLAM. A warped rectangle feature as a quadrilateral in the image by the perspective transformation is reconstructed by the Coupled Line Camera algorithm. In order to fully reconstruct a rectangle in the real world coordinate, the distance between the features and the camera is needed. The distance in the real world coordinate can be measured by using a stereo camera. Using properties of the line camera, the physical size of the rectangle feature can be induced from the distance. The correspondence between the quadrilateral in the image and the rectangle in the real world coordinate can restore the relative pose between the camera and the feature through obtaining the homography. In order to evaluate the performance, we analyzed the result of proposed method with its reference pose in Gazebo robot simulator.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.3-12
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• 1992

To put the binocular 3-D images system into practical use, it is required to investigate the relationship between the system and men and to make ergonomic evaluation of the system. In this study, we perform a comparative analysis of the changes in the accommodation and pupil functions before and afer observing binocular 3-D images a sthe visual distance varies. From the experiment, we obtained the following results: (1) The discordance in the distance informatioons on the accommodation and pupil functions when obwerving 3-D images is compensated by the miosis and altering the focal depth. (2) From the consideration of the effect of the visual distance condition on the visual functions, it is thoughth that the visual functions are stabilized at the dark focus in the sense that the changes in the tension and relazation afer observing the 3-D images are minimized.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2010

목적: 본 연구는 정점간거리 변화에 따른 교정굴절력과 교정시력의 변화량을 추적하고 분석하여 굴절검사의 기초 자료를 채용하고자 실시되었다. 방법: 시험렌즈를 이용하여 양안균형검사 종료 후 교정굴절력과 교정시력, 정점간거리를 변화했을 때의 교정굴절력 변화량과 교정시력 변화량을 측정하고, 정점간거리와 교정굴절력, 정점간거리와 교정시력과의 상관성과 통계학적 유의성을 분석하였다. 경과 정점간거리에 따른 교정굴절력의 변화량은 -1.00D까지는 정점간거리 변화에 따라 굴절력의 변화가 없으나. -1.25D 이상부터는 정점간거리가 길어질 때 교정굴절력이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 정점간거리가 15 mm 길어졌을 때 굴절력 변화가 크게 나타났고. 11.00D 이상에서는 정점간거리가 5mm, 10mm, 15mm 변화할 때 모두 교정굴절력의 변화가 크게 나타났다. 정점간거리와 교정굴절력과의 상관성 분석 결과 정점간거리가 5 mm 증가시 r=0.999, 10 mm 증가 시 r=0.982, 15 mm 증가 시 r=0.957로 높은 상관성을 나타냈으며, 정점간거리와 교정굴절력은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 정점간거리 증가에 따른 시력변화는 정점간거리가 길어질수록 시력감소폭이 크게 나타났으며, 정점간거리와 교정시력과의 상관성 분석 결과 정점간거리가 5 mm 증가 시 r=0.969, 10 mm 증가 시 r=0.985, 15 mm 증가 시 r=0.994로 높은 상관성을 나타냈으며, 정점간거리와 교정시력용 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 결론: 정점간거리는 굴절검사와 안경착용 시 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 정점간거리와 교정굴절력, 교정시력 간에는 높은 상관성이 있었으며, 또한 통계학적으로도 유의한 차이가 있었다. 그러므로 시험렌즈를 이용하여 굴절검사를 할 때 정확한 정점간거리가 유지되어야 하며, 안경이 흘러내리지 않도록 최적의 조정(fitting)이 이루어져야 하고, 안경 착용자에게 정기적인 재조정(refitting)의 필요성과 안경 관리방법 등에 관한 교육이 필요하다고 사료된다.