• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to survey the present utilization of pattern identification(PI) by chronic disease and using PI system in the clinical field among Korean medicine doctors. Methods : This survey was conducted from Oct. 1 to Oct. 31, 2014 by face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire. The subjects were 400 Korean medicine doctors who worked in hospitals or clinics. The questionnaire consisted of whether use clinical experience by chronic disease and the utilization of PI, the utilization of PI systems, the PI utilization rate, and the correlation between utilization PI and so on. General elements consisted of sex, age, clinical experience, place of work, district and so on. Results and Conclusions : This study revealed that clinical experience by chronic disease used 24.0-90.8%. The most chronic diseases were chronic fatigue and chronic pain, and least disease was cancer. Experience of the utilization of PI among Korean medicine doctors who have clinical experience was 87.8-97.1%. Also, the most utilized disease was chronic gastritis & gastric ulcer, and least disease was dyslipidemia. In this case, the most common cases were using the one PI between the utilization of PI systems, and the utilization ratio of Visceral PI was the highest. Phi coefficient between the PI systems in chronic diseases divided into positive correlation and negative correlation. The correlation of dementia between Triple energizer PI and Six excesses PI was the highest at positive correlation, and the frequency of occurrence between Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PI was the highest at positive correlation. The correlation of osteoarthropathy between Meridian and Collateral PI and Sasang Constitutional Medicine was the highest at negative correlation. Also the frequency of occurrence between Qi, Blood, Fluid and Humor PI and Sasang Constitutional Medicine was the highest at negative correlation. We hope that additional studies on systematic PI research of chronic disease which needed to be in korean oriental medicine and meet the needs of clinical consumer continue based on this study.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 1999

To elucidate the mechanism of age-related development in FGS/NgaKIST mice with spontaneous glomerulosclerotic lesion, we examined expression and localization of various cytokine mRNA in the kidney in the progression of diseases. This mouse model is the first to develop spontanously occuring glomerosclerotic lesion in the kidney. In this study, we detected the up-regulation of local cytokine genes such as IL-1$\beta$, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-$\alpha$, TGF-$\beta$, and IFN- $\gamma$ in the kidneys. In RT-PCR and Southern blot analysis, we detected gradual expressions of cytokine mRNA of IL-1$\beta$, IL-2, IL-6, IFN- $\gamma$, and TNF $\alpha$ mRNA during the course of disease. Other cytokines including IL -10 and TGF -$\beta$ were found to be appeared the slightly expressed level at 3 to 12 weeks before onset of inflammatory lesion but they are highly expressed at the end-stage of the disease accompaning high proteinurea and wasting. In situ RT-PCR, each cytokine mRNA were specifically localized in a variety of cells including mesangial, endothelial, parietal epithelial, tubular epithelial, arterial muscle cell, and infiltrated inflammatory cells. In addition, TNF - $\alpha$was detected moderately in the visceral and parietal epithelial cell, but weakly in endothelial and mesangial cells, whereas IL-1 $\beta$ and IL -6 were strong in mesangial regions. IL-6 and TNF- $\alpha$ was highly localized in the damaged proximal and collecting tubules. Especially, TGF -$\beta$ mRNA was highly found in mesangial cells within glomerulus and interstitium during the end-stage of this disease.. These results indicate that pro inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 $\beta$, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF- $\alpha$ were gradually expressed from the early stage of this disease to the end-stage, and that IL-10 and TGF-$\beta$ may be important in the accumulation of extracellular matrix(ECM) within glomerulus and periglomerular fibrosis in the progression of this disease as well as tissue destruction in end-stage of this disease.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2010

본 연구는 체질량지수가 $23\;kg/m^2$ 이상 또는 체지방률이 27% 이상인 과체중 혹은 비만인 여성을 대상으로 무작위 배정, 이중 맹검, 위약-대조 연구 디자인을 통해 8주간의 생커피두 엑기스 섭취가 체지방 개선에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 실시되었다. 시험군 또는 대조군으로 배정된 대상자는 시험제제 또는 placebo제제를 하루 2번 2캡슐씩 식전에 물과 함께 섭취하게 하였으며, 연구에 참여하는 동안 평상시 식습관 및 커피 섭취량을 그대로 유지하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 시험제제에는 1캡슐 당 생커피두 엑기스 50 mg와 덱스트린 150 mg을 함유하였고, placebo제제에는 200 mg의 덱스트린을 함유하였다. 생커피두 엑기스에는 28.4%의 클로로겐산과, 49.3%의 클로로겐산 류 (ferulic acid, coumalic acid, neochlorogenic acid 등), 그리고 12.6%의 카페인을 함유하도록 하였다. 총 48명이 시험을 완료하였으며, 이 중 섭취율 미달로 유효성 평가가 불가능한 5명을 제외한 43명을 대상으로 결과분석을 실시하였으며, 시험군 23명 대조군 20명이었다. 컴퓨터 단층촬영을 통한 복부지방면적 측정결과, 상복부에서는 생커피두 엑기스 섭취군에서 총 지방 면적은 섭취 전 $231.2\;{\pm}\;12.2\;cm^2$에서 8주 후 $220.1\;{\pm}\;11.2\;cm^2$으로 4.8%가 유의적으로 감소하였고 (p < 0.05), 내장지방 면적은 섭취 전 $86.4\;{\pm}\;6.08\;cm^2$에서 8주 후 $82.4\;{\pm}\;5.84\;cm^2$으로 4.6%가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다 (p = 0.062). 하복부에서는 생커피두 엑기스 섭취군에서 내장지방 면적은 섭취 전 $71.8\;{\pm}\;4.81\;cm^2$에서 8주 후 $68.4\;{\pm}\;4.72\;cm^2$으로 4.7%가 유의적으로 감소하였다 (p<0.05). 또한 상복부의 총 지방 면적 (p < 0.05)과 내장지방 면적 (p < 0.05)의 변화량은 군간 비교에서도 유의하였다. 본 연구 결과 생커피두 엑기스를 섭취하는 기간 동안 식사 섭취량 조절 없이 평상시 식습관을 유지하였음에도 불구하고 복부 내장지방의 유의적인 감소로 체지방 분포의 개선 효과를 보여주었다. 따라서 생커피두 엑기스의 섭취와 병행하여 식사조절과 운동이 실시 될 경우 체지방 감소에 더욱 효과적일 것으로 사료되며, 추후 대상자 수의 확대 및 복용기간의 연장 등을 통한 생커피두 엑기스의 체지방 분포 개선 효과 및 대사 관련 지표 개선을 평가하는 후속 연구도 필요할 것이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권11호
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• pp.1140-1151
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• 2006

Inherited metabolic disorders are individually rare but as a whole, they are nor rare. Since Archibald Garrod introduced a concept of "inborn error of metabolism" or "chemical individuality", more than 500 diseases are currently known, affecting approximately one in 500 newborns cumulatively. They frequently manifest with acute, life-threatening crisis that require immediate specific intervention or they present with insidious diverse symptoms and signs involving multiple visceral organs or tissues as well as central nervous system, hampering a correct diagnosis. In addition, many pediatricians are not familiar with all diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diverse inherited metabolic disorders. However, the prognosis of affected children are heavily dependent on rapid and effective treatment. In this lecture, practical guidelines for the specific diagnosis based on diverse clinical features of inherited metabolic disorders will be described. Many sophisticated laboratory tests are available for confirmatory diagnosis of each disease, which challenge to general pediatricians with respect to knowledge about biochemical metabolite assay test, enzymatic test and DNA diagnostic tests. Sample collections, indications, methods and interpretation of results in varying laboratory tests will be listed as well.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.496-505
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• 1991

Underweight patients were studied with respect to changes in their nutritional status before and after administration of nutritional beverage. Patients with renal hepatic or endocrine disease gastrectomy malabsorption and weight gain over past 6 months were excluded. Ten patients were participated as controls and were allowed to eat ad libitu, Twenty patients were served as case and were administered in addition to their usual diet 400ml of nutritio-nal beverage(Greenbia) high in calorie and protein for 8 weeks. In the beginning of the study most underweight patients showed depressed nutritional status in terms of calorie intake quality of protein intake and the levels of visceral protein status and serum micronut-rients. The controls consumed less amounts of calories proteins vitamins and minerals while those given the nutritional beverage exceeded their estimated energy requirement(105%) and consumed a mean of 96g protein per day. Those given nutritional beverage for 8 weeks showed significant increase in body weight(3%) hemoglobin(3.2%) hematocrit(5.4%) serum transferrin(19.4%) iron(30.1%) and zinc(20.9%) In the controls however significant improvement was not observed in any parameters compared with initial values. significant improvement was not observed in any parameters compared with initial values. This study suggests that patients with underweight can show mild nutritional deprivation nutritional support can improve their unbalanced status and prevent severe malnutrition.

• 대한한의정보학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.21-46
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• 2008

Though modern medicine has taken rapid strides, varieties of intractable maladies and diseases go on increasing more and more. And so medical technologies and academic achievements related to diagnoses and prognoses are being carried on. As the progress of genetics, all sorts of diseases have proved to be hereditary. This makes efficient use of the prevention of diseases. According to Sasang-Constitution medicine, each person inherently possesses a unique constitution different from that of any other person. The shapes and sizes, temperaments and characters of people have enormous variations that must affect our health and happiness. Without understanding our particular constitution, we must fall into poor health and disease. The food and exercise that are good for one person's constitution may not be good for another. No standardized medicine can adequately deal with our individual variations. Only a system that can discern our different constitutional types has this capacity. This paper is to study Life-Regulating Science that has taken firm root in our culture from time immemorial, so that I suggest the methods of diagnoses and prognoses by using Life-Regulating Science. In the medical texts, psychological imbalances of Eum-Yang and Five Phases generate all kinds of diseases. Accordingly visceral manifestation and diseases as a future possibility may be known by the Four Pillars.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2012

Background: A better understanding of the histopathology and molecular biology of lung cancer might improve our capability to predict the outcome for any individual patient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate several histopathologic and molecular markers in order to assess their prognostic value in stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods: One hundred ten patients at the Kyungpook National University Hospital were enrolled in the study. Histopathologic factors and molecular markers were selected. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the T stage, differentiation, visceral pleural invasion, and survivin expression were significantly associated with recurrence. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that differentiation and survivin overexpression emerged as independent prognostic factors of recurrence. Conclusion: In resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer, poor differentiation and survivin overexpression have been identified as independent predictors of poor disease-free survival.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2009

Metabolically obese but normal weight(MONW) syndrome is characterized, with potentially increased risks for development of the insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome despite their normal body mass index(BMI) < 25 kg/m2. Such characteristics could confer upon MONW individuals a type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases(CVD) risk however, research on MONW is scarce. MONW individuals have metabolic disturbances typical of obese persons and are identified by having a high amount of visceral fat, a low BMI, a high fat mass, a low lean body mass, low insulin sensitivity, and high triglyceride concentrations. The purpose of this study is to review several markers as potential modulators in individuals displaying the "MONW". Body fat appears to be functionally comparable with a dynamic endocrine organ, producing and secreting various adipocy tokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, CRP, tumor necrosis factor(TNF-), interleukin(IL)-6, all of which play an important role in the onset of cardiovascular disease, and insulin resistance. Otherwise, physical activity and a lower inflammation state might be helped to reduce the number of persons at risk of diabetes, CVD complications, or premature mortality. We should provide a method to optimal treatments resolving the emerging public health problem to prevention of MONW by providing guideline for physical activity as an optimal treatment for the MONW Korean. Furthermore we expect to develop a new strategy to manage MONW Korean in this society in terms of reducing medical costs and enhancing public health care for uprising population with MONW.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.53-56
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• 2016

$M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ sclerosis is a disease of unknown etiology, characterized by dystrophic calcification within the arterial tunica media of the lower extremities leading to reduced arterial compliance. Medial calcinosis does not obstruct the lumina of the arteries, and therefore does not lead to symptoms or signs of limb or organ ischemia. $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ sclerosis most commonly occurs in aged and diabetic individuals and in patients on dialysis. $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ arteriosclerosis is frequently observed in the visceral arteries, and it can occur in the head and neck region as well. This report describes a remarkable case of $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ arteriosclerosis in the head and neck region as detected on dental imaging studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case that has been reported in which this condition presented in the facial vasculature. The aim of this report was to define the radiographic characteristics of $M{\ddot{o}}nckeberg$ arteriosclerosis in an effort to assist health care providers in diagnosing and managing this condition.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.542-547
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• 1992

결절성경화증과 동반된 폐임파관평활근종증은 매우 드문 질환으로서 가임기의 여성에게 국한되어 발생한다. 저자들은 결절성경화증이 있던 39세의 여자 환자에게서 반복되는 자연기흉으로 폐조직 생검결과 폐임파관 평활근종증으로 확진된 예와 양측신 혈관근지반종을 동반한 결절성 경화증을 갖은 32세 여자 환자에서 호흡기 증상은 없었으나 흉부 X-선 및 고해상도 흉부 컴퓨터 단층 촬영상 폐임파관 평활근종증을 보였던 예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.