• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.219-227
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we proactively looked at the structure and characteristics of each instrument in order to compare and analyze the sound colors of the western violin, chinese erhu and korean haegeum, which are representative bow string instruments. Also, many performers have simply been unable to fully explain how the violin is rich in pitch and the haegeum has a unique tone. Also, many performers thinks that violin sounds rich just because it has many overtones and have been unable to fully explain how haegeum makes unique tone. While previous research data show that most instruments are studied and published by analyzing their own frequencies or related cases of acoustic studies, this study provides a visual look how the harmonics composition, which determines musical instruments' timbres, consists of and suggests data specifically by analyzing each sound pressure of integer multiple overtones so that the structure of instruments' unique timbre can be understood. Based on this, we hope that it will be of considerable help to the development of virtual musical instruments of korean traditional instruments, which are relatively small compared to western virtual instruments, by reproducing instrument sounds through the synthesizers in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.5C
• /
• pp.305-312
• /
• 2005

Three classification algorithms are tested using musical instruments. Several classification algorithms are introduced and among them, Bayes rule, NN and k-NN performances evaluated. ZCR, mean, variance and average peak level feature vectors are extracted from instruments sample file and used as data set to classification system. Used musical instruments are Violin, baroque violin and baroque cello. Results of experiment show that the performance of NN algorithm excels other algorithms in musical instruments classification.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.5-9
• /
• 1996

Vibrato means periodic variations of various characteristics in sound wave. Because it causes special tonal effects, it plays and important role in musical performance. But when we examine the cases of scientific study about the vibrato that has been done until now, the cases were focused just on acoustic analysis of vibrato, so they didn't disclose the correlation between the results of analysis and the musical factors concerning actual performance. So this paper attempts to analyze violin vibrato acoustically, and find out the interrelation between the results and the various musical factors of violin performance.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1999

European spruce and maple were to be estimated as raw material of violin family instruments with linear modal analysis to provide the information data for the design of their bodies. Wood specimens cut in different direction were excited by impact hammer to measure the resonant frequency with typical vibrational modes. In spite of lower density than maple, European spruce showed the excellent acoustical properties with higher resonant frequency. And edge-grained spruce had more even frequencies than flat-grained ones to be more acceptable as front plate of violin. Resonant frequency was positively correlated with wood density of each specimen and the coefficients of edge-grained specimens were higher than those of flat-grained specimens of both wood species.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2014

Violinists tend to position the neck asymmetrically to hold the violin between the chin and the left shoulder. Asymmetrical neck posture may induce unilateral neck pain. Previous studies have suggested that individuals with unilateral neck pain exhibit reduced muscle strength of the lower trapezius, but no study has investigated violinists with unilateral neck pain. To this end, we recruited 18 violinists with unilateral neck pain for the present study in which the side on which neck pain was experienced, pain duration, and intensity were recorded. Lower trapezius strength was measured bilaterally in each subject using a handheld dynamometer. Significant differences in lower trapezius strength were evident between the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of neck pain (p<.05). No significant association between neck pain intensity or duration, and the extent of a deficit in lower trapezius strength, was evident (both p>.05). The association between the sides of weakened lower trapezius strength and neck pain was significant (p<.05). In conclusion, violinists with unilateral neck pain exhibited significantly less lower trapezius strength on the ipsilateral compared to the contralateral side of the pain. Unilateral neck pain more frequently involved the left side of the neck, which is used to stabilize the violin during playing. Thus, our study suggests that a possible relationship exists between muscle weakness in the lower trapezius and neck pain.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of violin learning as to enhance the attention span and impulsiveness of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD). Three children with ADHD, grade 2, 3, 4 were selected to participate in the research. A total of 15 session were given during 8 week time span, including a final performance session. For measurement, Korean-Child Behavior Checklist(K-CBCL), Home Situation Questionnaire-Revised (HSQ-R), Conners Teacher Rating Scale-Revised (CTRS-R) were administered before and after the implementation. Other behavioral checklist were used to record inappropriate or interruptive behaviors. The results showed that violin learning has increased attention span and reduced impulsive behaviors of all three children with ADHD. Along with these changes, the identified inappropriate behaviors reduced as sessions progressed. Also the changes observed within the music environment were generalized to non-music environment, such as family and school. These results also indicate that violin can be a therapeutic medium used in music therapy setting to bring positive changes for children with ADHD problems.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.1E
• /
• pp.38-42
• /
• 2000

In this paper we studied the reduced subjective timbre space of time-varying tones as well as steady state tones. 45 modified test tones were constructed from the original violin tone in consideration of 4 physical factors: spectrum envelope, inharmonicity, time-varying spectrum and time reversal. The semantic differential (SD) method was used in the listening test. According to the factor analysis, the adjectives can be factorized into 4 groups. The first factor is characterized by the adjectives, 'free', 'broad', 'deep', 'rich', 'strong' and 'reverberant', the second by 'tenor', 'clear', 'bright', 'light' and 'sharp', the third by 'easy', 'smooth', and 'solid', the fourth by 'warm' and 'full'. The first factor, 'richness', seems to be dependent upon the time-varying characteristic of a tone. The second factor, 'sharpness', is shown to play an important role in a time-varying tone as well as in a steady state tone.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.656-663
• /
• 2016

The study focused on the printed sheet music delivering the classical music contents in the view of the media. Media scholar Marshall Mcluhan declared that the media is not just simple tool of delivery but is the main subject affecting the human perception and the content itself. The music media, sheet music invented by the development of the printing technique allowed the massive production and it generalized the classical music contents. However, the editing, the mandatory process for sheet music, created the editors who are standardizing and visualizing the music contents and until today, the sheet music delivers the editor's interpretation rather than the composer's. To prove this notion, the study will compare the manuscript and sheet music of Unaccompanied Violin Sonata no. 3 'Fugue' by J. S Bach and will discuss about the compatibility of the sheet music as the music media now.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.12 no.1 s.45
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2007

Feature functions were used for the classification of music. The spectral roll-off, variance, average peak level, and class were chosen to make up a feature function vector. Among these, it is the spectral roll-off function that has a low-frequency to high-frequency ratio. To find the optimal roll-off point, the roll-off points from 0.05 to 0.95 were swept. The classification success rate was monitored as the roll-off point was being changed. The data that were used for the experiments were taken from the sounds made by a modern violin and a baroque one. Their shapes and sounds are similar, but they differ slightly in sound texture. As such, the data obtained from the sounds of these two kinds of violin can be useful in finding an adequate roll-off point. The optimal roll-off point, as determined through the experiment, was 0.85. At this point, the classification success rate was 85%, which was the highest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.103-112
• /
• 2002

This paper aims to give an explanation of the combination of certain nouns and the verb ha-'do'. Although the verb ha-'do'normally takes an event type argument, it takes some substantival nouns such as paiolin 'violin', umsikcem 'restaurant', and so on. A substantival noun undergoes type shifting, because the governing verb ha-'do'coerces an entity type noun to an event reading, taking missing information from the qualia of the entity type noun. In addition, some nouns like ppallay 'laundry'are dot objects. The verb laking a dot objects selects a proper type between multiple subtypes of the dot object. Type pumping operation makes that selection possible.