• Title/Summary/Keyword: violent crime

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DYNAMICS OF GUN VIOLENCE BY LEGAL AND ILLEGAL FIREARMS: A FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE APPROACH

  • Chandrali, Baishya;P., Veeresha
    • 호남수학학술지
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.572-593
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    • 2022
  • Crime committed by civilians and criminals using legal and illegal firearms and conversion of legal firearms into illegal ones has become a common practice around the world. As a result, policies to control civilian gun ownership have been debated in several countries. The issue arose because the linkages between firearm-related mortality, weapon accessibility, and violent crime data can imply diverse options for addressing criminality. In this paper, we have projected a mathematical model in terms of the Caputo fractional derivative to address the issues viz. input of legal guns, crime committed by legal and illegal guns, and strict government policies to monitor the license of legal guns, strict action against violent crime. The boundedness, existence and uniqueness of solutions and the stability of points of equilibrium are examined. It is observed that violent crime increases with the increase of crime committed by illegal guns, crime committed by legal guns and, decreases with the increase of legal guns, the deterrent effect of civilian gun ownership, and action of law against crime. Further, legal guns increase with the increase of the limitation of trade of illegal guns and decrease with the increase of conversion of legal guns into illegal guns and increase of the growth rate of illegal guns. Again, as crime is committed by legal guns also, the policy of illegal gun control does not assure a crime-free society. Weak gun control can lead to a society with less crime. Theoretical aspects are numerically verified in the present work.

Innovative Spatial Analysis of Violent Crime Hot Spots in Korea: Implications for Urban Policy

  • Kyungjae, Lee
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.320-341
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    • 2022
  • Empirical applications to explain criminogenic events are abundant. While much of the research in criminal studies concentrates on understanding the motivations of offenders and preventing victimization from a micro perspective, there have been recent theoretical advancements that give priority to the role of spatial factors in directly impacting crime rates. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the empirical inference between violent crime incidence and spatial characteristics of local areas focusing particularly on spatial accessibility conditions in the areas. Applying discrete spatial econometrics models, this study reveals a significant relationship between spatial accessibility and the formation of violent crime hot spots in South Korea. Along with other variables, it is revealed that road accessibility has a clear association with violent crime hot spots. Based on the findings, this study suggests some policy implications such as effective surveillance systems, land use restrictions, and advanced street lighting.

The Effects of Spatial Factors on the Incidence of Violent Crime in Korea, 2005-2015

  • Lee, Kyungjae;Choi, Eunji;Lee, Seongwoo
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.249-273
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    • 2021
  • While many criminal studies have focused on the motivation of offenders and avoidance of victimization in the micro perspective, there have been a number of theoretical developments emphasizing space as a direct factor that influences the incidence of crime. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of regional characteristics and violent crime incidence in Korea. Applying diverse spatial econometrics models that have less been utilized in the crime literature, this study finds an important association between spatial accessibility and crime incidence. The results suggest that the type of predominant business and the level of road accessibility affect the vulnerability of areas with respect to the incidence of violent crime. This study concludes with some important implications for urban planners and policymakers with respect to crime control and prevention.

Exploring the Relationship between Place and Crime Using Spatial Econometrics Model

  • Lee, Soochang;Kim, Daechan
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.32-38
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial characteristics of violent and burglary crimes in South Korea. Violent crimes and burglary crimes depend on a spatial setting with good conditions for their criminal purposes. This study defines population density, racial heterogeneity, types of houses, and density of commercial facilities as variables of place affecting crime in cities and counties. The study collects data from 229 cities in Korea to analyze the effect of spatial characteristics on crime. We conduct additional analyses to meet the statistical requisites of the spatial econometrics model using the open-source software R and GeoDa 1.12.1.129. From the analytical result, population density, racial heterogeneity, apartments, and commercial areas relate to crime occurrence. We suggest the implication of the theoretical and practical contributions to the relationship between place and crime.

Decomposing the Effect of Population Changes on Crime Changes

  • Lee, Soochang;Jang, Cheolyeung
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to test the relationship between the change in population size and population composition and crime changes. The analytical model includes variables representing changes in population size and population composition, three dependent variables for crime changes, and three control variables. Changes in popuvpdllation size and population composition are measured by indicators such as population size, gender, age groups, and immigrants and foreign workers, and crime changes by felonious, burglary, and violent crime volumes. The sample includes 154 cities and counties in South Korea, and the sample period is from 2010 to 2017. As a result of the analysis, I examine that the decrease in the number of young and men are likely to lead to a decline in felonious and violent crimes, but a high rate of the elderly and the increasing racial heterogeneity are likely to accelerate the fear and worries about crimes.

한국의 강력 범죄 발생 추이 및 통제 요인 연구 (A study on the violent crime and control factors in Korea)

  • 권태연;전새봄
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • 제27권6호
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    • pp.1511-1523
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    • 2016
  • 우리나라의 5대 강력범죄 (살인, 강도, 강간, 폭력, 절도) 발생의 증가추세는 우리나라의 사회, 경제적 요인의 변화 추세와 무관하지 않으며, 이와 관련한 논의는 여러 사회과학 연구에서 논의되어져왔으나 시계열 자료의 특성을 제대로 반영하지 않은 경우가 많다. 이에 본 연구에서는 강력범죄 변화의 추이를 살펴보고 그 통제 요인들에 관하여 논의하였다. 통제 요인들을 살펴봄에 있어 시간, 계절 및 순환과 같이 시계열 자료로써 갖는 내재적 요인들과 경제적, 사회변동 및 범죄통제에 관련한 외재적 요인들로 범주화 하여 고려하였다. 또한 시계열자료가 본질적으로 갖는 자기상관성을 반영한 모형 역시 고려하여 비교하였다. 이러한 다양한 시계열 모형들을 통하여 5대 강력범죄의 발생요인을 점검하는 한편 발생건수를 예측함으로써 강력 범죄에 대한 예방적 정책적 도움을 주고자 하였다.

시계열 자료 분석을 통한 4대 사회안전지표 변화 추이 (Transition of Four Major Social Safety Indexes by Time Series Data Analysis)

  • Song, Chang Geun;Jang, Hyun-ju;Lee, Kum-Jin
    • 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.634-638
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    • 2015
  • 해마다 반복적으로 인적 물적 피해를 유발하여 사회 안전에 큰 영향을 미치는 산업재해, 교통사고, 화재, 범죄 등의 항목을 4대 사회안전지표로 선정하여 2003년 이후 시계열에 따른 변화 추이를 분석하였다. 2003년을 기준으로 산업재해가 27.8% 감소하여 가장 두드러지게 개선된 것으로 확인되었으며, 교통사고와 범죄자표는 12% 정도 저감된 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 화재의 경우 2006년 이후 국가화재분류체계가 바뀌면서 경미한 생활 화재도 발생건수에 포함되도록 변경되어 기준년도 대비 40% 화재안전지수가 증가한 것으로 나타났다.

사회 변동에 따른 범죄의 행태적 변화에 대한 고찰 - 1970년대 이후 한국의 범죄 변화 추이를 중심으로 - (A Study on the Crime Transition about Social Environment Evolution)

  • 공배완
    • 시큐리티연구
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    • 제15호
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    • pp.7-27
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    • 2008
  • 사회범죄는 갈수록 다양화 광역화 전문화 지능화 무차별화 되어가는 양상을 보이고 있다. 사회가 발전하고 국민소득이 향상될수록 사회갈등요인과 범죄가 줄어들 것이라는 예측과는 달리 오히려 범죄의 양상도 사회발전과 더불어 더욱 다양화 전문화되면서 발전되어가는 경향을 보이고 있다. 이러한 현상은 사회발전과 범죄의 비례적 관계로 설명되어질 수 있고, 이는 자본주의의 발달과 사회의 발전이 밀접한 연관성을 갖기 때문으로 분석된다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 양자 간의 상관관계에 대해 역사적인 과정을 통한 실질적인 검증과 사실관계의 규명을 논하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 내용은 크게 세부분으로 나누어서 분석하고 있다. 첫째, 산업화의 진행과정에서 나타나는 범죄의 유형 및 행태와 이에 대한 사회적인 구조를 사회학적인 관점에서 분석하고 있다. 둘째, 산업사회 이후의 정보화 시대가 도래되면서 나타나는 새로운 범죄의 모습을 사회적으로 분석하고 있다. 마지막 단락에서는 사회의 변동에 따른 범죄의 행태적 변화에 대한 전반적인 분석을 하고 있으며, 사회변동은 결국 범죄의 변화를 초래한다는 상관관계를 입증하고 있다.

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한국에서의 범죄피해자 지원에 관한 연구 개관 및 방향제안 (A Critical Review of Research Studies on Crime Victim Support in Korea)

  • 강알리샤;장은진
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제8권12호
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    • pp.451-459
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구에서는 한국 내 범죄피해자 지원에 관한 연구들을 개관하고 동향을 분석하였으며, 이를 토대로 향후 연구의 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 KERIS, KISS 및 NANET에 등록된 학술지를 대상으로 '범죄피해자 지원', '범죄피해자 개입', 'Victims of Crime Support'의 키워드로 검색된 논문 중 선정기준을 충족하는 최종 314개의 문헌을 분석하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 연구물의 수는 범죄피해 관련법과 대책이 발표된 이후 사회적 논의가 활발해지는 기점을 중심으로 증가해오다가 최근 2년간 다시 감소된 양상을 보였다. 연구 방법에서는 질적 연구가 대부분이며, 연구주제로는 법률 및 정책과 관련된 연구수가 가장 많았다. 범죄피해유형에서는 성폭력, 가정폭력 관련 연구물이, 범죄피해 소수집단 연구대상으로는 아동 및 청소년이 가장 많았다. 마지막으로, 범죄피해자지원 기관에서 이루어진 연구 중, 심리적 지원과 관련된 연구들의 빈도수가 상대적으로 적었다. 본 연구는 향후 범죄피해자 지원연구 중 심리적 지원과 관련된 실증경험연구들의 필요성을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

The Relationship between Residential Distribution of Immigrants and Crime in South Korea

  • Park, Yoonhwan
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제16권7호
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 2018
  • Purpose - This study aims to not only investigate spatial pattern of immigrants' residence and crime occurrences in South Korea, but shed light on how geographic distribution of immigrants and immigrant segregation affect crime rates. Research design, data, and methodology - Th unit of analysis is Si-Gun-Gu municipal level entities of South Korea. The crime data was obtained by Korea National Police Agency and two major types(violence and property) of crime were measured. Most demographic, social, and economic variables were derived from Korean Census Data in 2015. In order to examine spatial patterns of immigrants' distribution and crime rates in South Korea, the present study utilized GIS mapping technique and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA) tools. The causal linkage was investigated by a series of regression models using STATA. Results - Spatial inequality between urban metropolitan vs rural areas was visualized by mapping. Assuming large Moran's I value, spatial autocorrelation appeared to be quite strong. Several neighborhood characteristics such as residential stability and economic prosperity were found to be important factors leading to crime rate change. Residential distribution and segregation for immigrants were negatively significant in the regression models. Conclusions - Unlike the traditional arguments of social disorganization theory, immigrant segregation appeared to reduce violent crime rate and the high proportion of immigrants also turned out to be a crime prevention factor.