• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.63.1-68
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• 1999

MPEG-2 transcoding scheme is proposed as scalable transmission system for a video-on-demand system is described. In this system video contents encoded by MPEG-2 are transmitted to receiver terminals via communication lines that have different bit rate. A transcoding technique that directly converts a bit stream encoded by MPEG-2 into a lower coding rate stream without decoding is proposed. The transcoder called Trampeg includes size reduction and frame drop approach. The experimental results show that an MPEG-2 stream of 0 Mbps is able to be transcoded into a stream of 1.5 Mbps-300 Kbps.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.12C
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• pp.1209-1216
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• 2003

The transcoding is needed to modify the bit rate of the video bitstream in accordance with the bandwidth of a variety of channels in order to provide users with a realtime multimedia service and more stable and credible VOD(Video On Demand) service on various wire/wireless network. This paper suggests how to guarantee the video quality in the transcoding process, taking the activity and direction of the macroblock into consideration, thereby reducing the calculation. The threshold of the macroblock's activity and direction is applicable to the different videos, with the DCT coefficients from the intermediate data in the decoding process. Moreover, the suggested video transcoding algorism enables us to maintain the proper video quality and reduce the calculation through the video bit rate change experiment in H.263 environment.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.2044-2047
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose efficient motion vector refinement algorithm for frame-rate reduction transcoding. The proposed algorithm is to set the search range for motion refinement based on the incoming motion vector. The algorithm calculates the importance of motion vector of the skipped frame and then selects two motion vector to set search range. Through this process, we determine the accuracy of incoming motion vector and set the search range lot refinement adaptively by means of the accuracy. In experiments, we show efficiency of our algorithm to reduce the search points for refinement.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.288-299
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• 2001

In transcoding, simply reusing the motion vectors extracted from an incoming video bit stream may not result in the best quality because the incoming motion vectors become non-optimal due to the reconstruction errors. To achieve the best video quality possible, a new motion estimation should be performed in the transcoder. An adaptive motion vector refinement is proposed that refines the base motion vector according to the activity of macroblock using intermediate data extracted from an incoming video bit stream. Experimental results shows that the proposed method can improve the video quality to the level achieved by using the full-scale motion estimation with minimal computational complexity.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.559-568
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• 2007

This paper presents a new distortion control scheme with a simple estimation model for the propagation errors incurred by dropping some parts of the bitstream in a frame dropping-coefficient dropping (FD-CD) transcoder. The primary goal of this paper is to facilitate bit-rate conversions and rate-distortion controls in the compressed domain without introducing a full decoding and reencoding system in the pixel domain. First, the error propagation behavior over several frame sequences due to coefficient dropping is investigated on the basis of statistical and empirical properties. Then, such properties are used to develop a simple estimation model for the CD distortion accounting for the characteristics of the underlying coded-frame. Finally, the proposed estimation model allows us to determine the amount of coefficient dropping and to effectively allocate rate-distortions into coded-frames. Experimental results show that the proposed estimation model accurately describes the characteristics of propagation errors adaptively in the compressed domain and can be easily applied to distortion control over different kinds of video sequences.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1526-1537
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• 1998

The split-screen function on the multipoint control unit(MCU) which is usually using processing method based on pixel domain has many problems for manipulating the video signal in real-time. Although the researches and the developements to cope ith such problems are processing, these have too complex architecture to implement and are limited to method for H.261 video signal. In this paper, we propose a new mechanism for split-screen that can actually apply to ISO/IEC MPEG video standard. The new method that is proposed in this paper do the processes in complete compression domain, thus it is suitable for the application of real-time multipoint multimedia communication service. By simple interpreting and manipulating the MPEG video element stream, the split-screen functional module can be implemented easily and the result of the procedures does not accompany image degradation at all. Finally, the complexity of implementation, the aspect for processing delay and the loss of image quality as compared to that resulting in the case of applying the previous split-screen method has been investigated. And it is confirmed that the proposed mechanism has a significant advantage as a split-screen method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2003

무선 네트워크에서 멀티미디어 전송을 위해 Delay를 줄이는 방법을 연구하고 이에 대한 실험적 검증을 하였다. 멀티미디어 데이터는 그 특성상 주어진 시간에 도착하지 못하는 데이터는 손실로 간주되므로 Loss에 못지 않게 Delay가 중요한 QoS 파라미터가 된다. 본 연구에서는 IEEE 802.11b를 그 환경으로 하여 멀티미디어 데이터를 트랜스코더를 이용하여 미디어 전환 후 전송 학 때 Delay를 최소화 할 수 있는 방안을 연구하였다. 무선 환경에서의 SNR을 기준으로 다양한 조건에서 패킷 사이즈와 전송 간격을 조절하여 무선 네트워크에서 Delay와 Loss가 적게 발생하는 환경을 찾아내었으며 이전 상태와 현재 상태를 비교하여 미래의 상태를 미리 예측학 수 있는 알고리즘을 개발하여 적용하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 MPEG-4의 Video racket을 가장 효율적인 크기로 인코딩 할 수 있는 판단 근거를 만들게 해 주며, 예측 된 패킷 사이즈를 통하여 다음 전송이 이루어지기 전에 트랜스코더에게 미리 인코딩 하여 준비학 수 있도록 해서 네트워크에 적응적인 전송 방식으로 구현될 수 있는 장점이 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.7C
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• pp.706-715
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a transcoding algorithm for converting an MPEG-2 video bitstream to an H.264 bitstream. The proposed transcoder consists of two parts. One is MPEG2 decoding part and the other is H.264 encoding part Because our algorithm is for transcoding in the spatial domain, MPEG2 decoding part carries out full decoding of MPEG2 bitstream. While, because macroblock type and coded block pattern in MPEG2 are significantly related to macroblock mode in H.264, macroblock mode is selected adaptively according to macroblock type and coded block pattern in H.264 decoding part. Furthermore, motion vector is also used as side-information for 16$\ctimes$16 macroblock mode. Simulation results show that the proposed transcoder yields high reduction of total transcoding time at comparable PSNR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.181-186
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• 1997

Transcoding is the key technique to further reduce the bit-rate of a previously compressed video. The performance of the transcoding is evaluated by the two factors, the accuracy on the target bit-rate and the complexity of the implementation. In this paper, were propose a new rate control algorithm which has very accurate bit-rate control performance and much smaller computational complexity. For the accuracy problem, we empirically observe the relationship between the quantization step size and generated bits in requantization process and then find that the relationship can be characterized as the new piece-wise linear model. For the complexity problem, we reduce the role of feedback rate control. The simulation results show that the proposed method gives the better performance in the accuracy with the same picture quality than conventional rat control algorithm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10c
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• pp.799-801
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 대역폭이 보장되지 않는 네트워크 상에서 비디오 서비스를 제공하기 위한 매체변환 방법 중 비디오 프레임 크기를 변환시켜 비트율을 효율적으로 제어하는 방법을 제안한다. H.263으로 부호화된 스트림을 DCT 공간에서 크기를 변환시킴으로써 완전 복호화 후 다시 부호화하는 과정에서 생기는 계산량을 대폭 감소시켜 보다 효율적인 방법으로 비트율을 제어할 수 있다. 움직임 정보뿐만 아니라 이전 프레임과의 차이값을 다시 사용하기 위해 크기변환 후 H.263 표준의 향상된 예측 모드 (Advanced Prediction Mode)를 사용하여 화질열화도 최소화한다. 실험결과 화질면에서는 블록화 현상(Block Artifact)이 크게 감소하였고, 프레임이 진행됨에 따라 PSNR은 낮아졌지만, 매체변환은 기존의 방법에 비해 라론 속도로 이루어 질 수 있었다.