• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.332-345
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• 2016

전라남도 고흥지역에는 도화면 유주산 지역, 팔영산 지역 그리고 용바위 지역의 세 지역에서 주상절리가 발달한다. 유주산 지역에는 폭 최대 100 m, 높이 최대 50 m 규모로 수직방향과 부채꼴 모양의 주상절리가 발달한다. 유주산 근처의 도로변과 지죽도 해안에도 주상절리가 발달한다. 팔영산 지역에서는 기둥면의 폭이 최대 1 m에 달하는 굵은 주상절리가 발달한다. 용바위 지역은 암맥 내에서 지표면과 수평한 최대 폭 50 cm의 주상절리가 발달한다. 이 지역 주상절리의 4각형과 5각형이 높은 빈도를 차지한다. 기둥면의 폭은 10-100 cm 범위이지만, 20 cm가 최대 빈도율을 보인다. 유주산과 팔영산 지역에서 주상절리는 냉각면인 지표와 수직으로 발달한다. 용바위지역에서 주상절리는 관입한 주변암과의 접촉부와 수직으로 발달한다. 결과적으로 이지역의 주상절리는 주변암의 경계부로부터 냉각이 시작되어 접촉면과 수직한 주상절리가 발달한다. 본 주상절리를 구성하는 암석은 유주산과 팔영산 지역에서 유문암질 용결응회암이고, 용바위의 암맥을 이루는 암석은 데사이트이다. 산성화산암에는 유상구조가 잘 발달되어 있으며, 육안상 2 mm 정도의 백색 반정광물은 대부분 장석이고, 일부 석영을 포함한다. 주상절리를 구성하는 암석의 $SiO_2$ 함량은 모두 70wt.% 이상이며, 칼크알칼리계열의 분화 마지막 단계이다. 유주산지역 주상절리는 채석장에서 동쪽으로 약 1 km 이상 분포하는 것으로 예상된다.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2007년 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.36-38
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• 2007

The instability of the arc in the $CO_2$ arc welding affects the quality of the weld in the automotive industry. This paper evaluates the effects of the arc stability in $CO_2$ arc welding with respect to vertical welding positions. In this experiment, galva-annealed steel sheets(CA) were used as specimens, and these materials were welded by adopting new Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) process. For each sample, fillet joint welding trials were carried out using the same conditions. Each part of welding joints was welded with vertical-up, vertical-down position at $45^{\circ},\;90^{\circ}\;and\;135^{\circ}$ degrees. A high speed camera and a welding signal monitoring system were used for monitoring fluid-flow phenomena in weld pools and frequency measurements, respectively. Through this study, the welding position were found to be key factors mainly to influence the arc stability in $CO_2$ welding moreover and that the arc stability in the vertical-up welding position was observed to be more stable than the vertical-down welding position below $90^{\circ}$.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2018

해상처분장의 호안구조물 및 연직차수공으로 강관시트파일이 주로 사용되며, 강관시트파일은 이음부를 연결하여 주열식으로 설치가 되는 만큼 해상 고유의 횡방향 외력에 대한 구조적인 안정성이 확보되어야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 새로 개발된 연직차수공 이음부의 구조적인 성능을 평가하는 것이다. 먼저 기존 연직차수공 이음부의 문제점을 고찰하고 시공 및 유지보수 측면에서 기존 이음부 형식과의 차별성을 갖도록 새로운 형태의 DHLT(Double H with L-T) 연직차수공 이음부를 개발하였다. 개발된 DHLT 이음부의 실규모 모형을 제작하고 이음부에 그라우트를 채워 양생시킨 후 압축 및 인장강도실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 기존 연구결과와 비교하였다. 실험결과, DHLT 이음부의 압축강도와 인장강도는 그라우트와 강재의 영향으로 인해 기존 이음부 연구결과에 비해 다소 과소평가되었다. 특히 압축강도 실험의 경우 DHLT 이음부의 비대칭 형상으로 인해 그라우트에 균열이 발생하기 전에 강재에서 먼저 항복이 발생하는 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통해 연직차수공 개발시 이음부 강도발현에 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 요인을 파악할 수 있었으며, 이를 근거로 더 향상된 연직차수공을 개발할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2023

Objective: This study examined differences in joint kinematics and movement variability of lower extremity between adolescent athletes with and without lateral ankle sprain (LAS) history during drop vertical jump. Method: Fourteen adolescent athletes with LAS history and 14 controls participated in this study. The independent variable was group while dependent variables were 3D joint kinematics and movement variability of hip, knee, and ankle joint. Ensemble curve analyses were conducted to identify differences in movement strategies between two groups. Results: The LAS group showed that greater eversion during jump phase compared with the control group. Additionally, less movement variability was found in the LAS group during the pre-landing and jump phases in ankle and hip joints compared with the control group. Conclusion: The LAS group may adapt the environmental constraints by reducing the movement variability in ankle and hip joints. However, training programs focusing on recovery of ankle function should be emphasized after LAS because excessive pronation for prevention of LAS during the jump phase may result in reduced performance.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권 2호
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• pp.199-213
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• 2022

Experimental and discrete element approaches were used to examine the effects of F shape non-persistent joints on the failure behaviour of concrete under uniaxial compressive test. concrete specimens with dimensions of 200 cm×200 cm×50 cm were provided. Within the specimen, F shape non-persistent joint consisting three joints were provided. The large joint length was 6 cm, and the length of two small joints were 2 cm. Vertical distance between two small joints change from 1.5 cm to 4.5 cm with increment of 1.5 cm. In constant joint lengths, the angle of large joint change from 0° to 90° with increments of 30°. Totally 12 different models were tested under compression test. The axial load rate on the model was 0.05 mm/min. Concurrent with experimental tests, numerical simulation (Particle flow code in two dimension) were performed on the models containing F shape non-persistent joint. Distance between small joints and joint angles were similar to experimental one. the results indicated that the failure process was mostly governed by both of the Distance between small joints and joint angles. The axial loading rate on the model was 0.05 mm/min. The compressive strengths of the samples were related to the fracture pattern and failure mechanism of the discontinuities. Furthermore, it was shown that the compressive behaviour of discontinuities is related to the number of the induced tensile cracks which are increased by increasing the joint angle. In the first, there were only a few acoustic emission (AE) hits in the initial stage of loading, and then AE hits rapidly grow before the applied stress reached its peak. Furthermore, a large number of AE hits accompanied every stress drop. Finally, the failure pattern and failure strength are similar in both approaches i.e., the experimental testing and the numerical simulation approaches.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2011

In this study, 26 normal subjects were studied to compare the biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limbs on Speed of Nordic Walking. The biomechanical variables were determined by performing three-dimensional gait analysis, and the measurements items were spatial and temporal parameters; vertical ground reaction force; and moments of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The purpose of this study based on the speed of Nordic Walking to the vertical ground reaction force and joint moments of each were analyzed. Nordic Walking with poles while being whether this weight is reduced to load, not the improvement of muscle activity by identify Nordic walking is to allow efficient. The results of the analysis were follows. The spatial parameters of step length, stride length significantly increased with increase in velocity(p<0.001). The temporal parameters of step time, stride time, the duration of double support use, and the duration of single support use also significantly decreased with increase in velocity(p<0.001), but cadence significantly increased(p<0.01). Analysis of the changes in ground reaction force revealed that vertical ground reaction force significantly increased at the initial contact and the terminal stance and decreased at the mid stance with increase in velocity(p<0.001). Moments of the hip and knee joints significantly in creased with increase in velocity whereas that of the ankle joint did not. Gait analysis revealed that weight-bearing decreased and moments of the hip and knee joints increased with increase in velocity(p<0.01). The results of this study may help people perform Nordic walking efficiently and Nordic walking can be used in the gait training of people with an abnormal gait.

• 암석학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.167-181
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• 2017

청량산 지역은 산세가 웅장하고 4계절의 경관이 아름다워 1982년에 도립공원($49.51km^2$)으로 지정되었으며, 청량사 주변은 암석단애, 암봉, 동굴 등에 의해 지형경관이 수려하여 2007년 명승 제23호($4.09km^2$)로 지정되었다. 특히 청량산역암층과 오십봉현무암층은 지형적 경관면에서 가장 멋진 절경을 드러내며 청량산 도립공원을 지정하게 만든 주체이다. 이 암층에는 능선부에 12개 암봉을 이루고 있으며, 청량 계곡, 한티 및 천애 계곡에 어풍대, 풍월대, 밀성대, 병풍바위, 금강대 등의 많은 암석단애들을 가지고, 그 단애에 김생굴, 금강굴, 원효굴, 한생굴 등의 동굴들을 형성하고 있다. 이 계곡들은 WNW-ESE 방향의 단층에 의한 단층곡에 해당된다. 암석단애들은 청량산역암층과 오십봉현무암층에서 WNW-ESE 방향의 단층에 평행한 수직절리에 의해 이루어진 암벽이고, 동굴들은 단애에서 풍화에 약한 셰일 및 사암의 층리에 따른 차별적 풍화침식에 의해 형성된 것이다. 암봉들은 교차하는 두 방향 수직절리에 의해 능선부가 차별침식되어 형성된 지형경관이다. 이수직절리는 WNW-ESE 방향의 남애단층 및 한티 계곡단층, NNE-SSW 방향의 태곡단층에 거의 평행한 절리들이다. 그러므로 이러한 지형적 특징은 청량산역암층과 오십봉현무암층에서 단층의 존재, 암질차이와 이에 따른 차별적 풍화침식에 그 원인이 있다고 하겠다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2015

Objective: To compare condylar position and morphology among different vertical skeletal patterns. Methods: Diagnostic cone-beam computed tomography images of 60 adult patients (120 temporomandibular joints) who visited the orthodontic clinic of Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital were reviewed. The subjects were divided into three equal groups according to the mandibular plane angle: hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent groups. Morphology of the condyle and mandibular fossa and condylar position were compared among the groups. Results: The hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups showed significant differences in superior joint spaces, antero-posterior condyle width, medio-lateral condyle width, condyle head angle, and condylar shapes. Conclusions: Condylar position and morphology vary according to vertical facial morphology. This relationship should be considered for predicting and establishing a proper treatment plan for temporomandibular diseases during orthodontic treatment.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.401-402
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• 2023

The shear connection of the vertical construction joint of a slurry wall by the concrete shear key has excellent structural performance and is economical and eco-friendly. However, technology for forming concrete shear keys in the underground is still underdeveloped. This paper proposes the development of the construction technology required to form a concrete shear key at the vertical construction joint of the slurry wall.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of joint kinetics and coordination on within-individual differences in maximum vertical jump. 10 male subjects aged 20 to 30 performed six trials in maximum vertical jump and with based on jump height the good(GP) and bad(BP) performances for each subject were compared on joint kinetics of lower extremity and coordination parameters such as joint reverse and relative phase. The results showed that maximum moment, power, and work done of hip joint and maximum moment of ankle joint in GP were significantly higher than that in the BP but no significant differences for the knee joint. We could observe a significant difference in joint reverse timing between both conditions. And also the relative phase on ankle-knee and ankle-hip in GP were significantly lower than that in the BP, which means that in GP joint movements were more in-phase synchronized mode. In conclusion, mechanical outputs of hip and ankle joints had an effect on within-individual differences in vertical jump and the inter-joint coordination and coordination including sequence and timing of joint motion also might be high influential factors on the performances within individual.