• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.524-539
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• 2022

With the advent of generative artificial intelligence technology, it became possible to create a virtual human, and produce a lecture video only with textual information. It is expected that the virtual human will enhance the efficient production of educational contents and the student's entertainment experience and satisfaction. However, there have been still few studies that have demonstrated the process of how virtual human technology reaches students' satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to empirically examine whether the human likeness, which is the main characteristic of a virtual human based on Uncanny Valley theory, affects human experience and satisfaction. In particular, human likeness of the Uncanny Valley theory was subdivided into human likeness in the visual and verbal dimensions, and the process of reaching satisfaction was understood based on the experience economy model. In particular, human similarity in Uncanny Valley theory was classified as similarity in the visual and language levels, and the process of reaching satisfaction based on the experiential economic model was analyzed with a partial least squares structure model equation (PLS-SEM). The survey was conducted online for a panel of office workers at a specialized research institution in China. The results indicate that both the visual and verbal human likeness had a positive effect on experience economy factors (education, entertainment, esthetic, escape), and then these experiential factors had a significant effect on satisfaction. The results also provide some suggestions to consider when designing educational contents by virtual human.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.55-60
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• 2022

Acceleration of the pace of life, increasing the amount of information, the emergence of "clip way of thinking" as a phenomenon has led to the problem of choosing forms of presentation of educational materials to students. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use the means of visualization of information flow, forasmuch as the thinking of modern youth is more effective in perceiving visual images than verbal means. The purpose of the research is to prove the effectiveness of the use of visualization in the process of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language to students with clip way of thinking. The following methods have been used, namely: analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization and generalization of scientific literature; testing and surveys; pedagogical experiment; quantitative and qualitative analysis of data, interpretation and generalization of the research results. The essence of visualization means has been revealed; the expediency of their use in the methodology of teaching foreign students the Ukrainian language has been substantiated. It has been proven that the role of Ukrainian teachers lies in taking into account all new trends in teaching, integrating computer perception of information by foreign students into teaching technology and using cognitive visualization in order to intensify the learning process.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.59-73
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• 2003

As a means of overcoming the linguistic barrier between different languages in the Internet, a new sign-language communication system with CG animation techniques has been developed and proposed. In the system, the joint angles of the arms and the hands corresponding to the gesture as a non-verbal communication tool have been considered. The emotional expression, however, could as play also an important role in communicating each other. Especially, a comic expression is more efficient than real facial expression, and the movements of the cheeks and the jaws are more important AU's than those of the eyebrow, eye, mouth etc. Therefore, in this paper, we designed a 3D emotion editor using 2D model, and we extract AU's (called as PAU, here) which play a principal function in expressing emotions. We also proposed a method of generating the universal emotional expression with Avatar models which have different vertex structures. Here, we employed a method of dynamically adjusting the AU movements according to emotional intensities. The proposed system is implemented with Visual C＋＋ and Open Inventor on windows platforms. Experimental results show a possibility that the system could be used as a non-verbal communication means to overcome the linguistic barrier.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2001

This paper focuses on the idea development as a creative thinking process for design innovation. The process of thinking has the thinking structures of abduction and transformation. After we had studied the design thought, we found a structure of a thinking system, and created a creative thinking model with this. Using job analysis, we examined the duster of design jobs, which form the design process, and verified the thinking model. The findings suggest that our idea development has the creative process not only of divergent thinking and convergent one, but also of transformation in design. In same time, the design thinking shows their pattern of transition from abstract concept to concrete object. Between the design jobs, idea development shows higher difficulty than other jobs - marketing, product planning and follow-up. Combining the D-T-C (Divergent-Transformation-Convergent) thinking with abstract-concrete thinking, we designed a DFD(data flow diagram) for an early model of computer mediated thinking system (CMTS). This has implications for design support.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.7
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• pp.71-80
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• 1999

Sign-language communication can be a useful way of exchanging message between people who using different languages. In this paper, we report an experimental survey on the construction of a Korean-Japanese sign-language communication system using 3D model. For real-time communication, we introduced an intelligent communication method and built the system as a client-server architecture on the Internet. A character model is stored previously in the clients and a series of animation parameters are sent instead of real image data. The input-sentence is converted into a series of parameters of Korean sign language or Japanese sign language at server. The parameters are transmitted to clients and used for generating the animation. We also employ the emotional expressions, variable frames allocation method, and a cubic spline interpolation for the purpose of enhancing the reality of animation. The proposed system is implemented with Visual $C^{++}$ and Open Inventor library on Windows platform. Experimental results show a possibility that the system could be used as a non-verbal communication means beyond the linguistic barrier.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.237-244
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• 2016

The purpose of this study examines the influence of anchoring and adjustment according to regularity of snack's shape. Especially this study choose 'choco chip' as a snack with regularity to compare with 2012's study. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The anchoring and adjustment also appears in 'choco chip' with regularity. But statistical meaning is different from the result of prior study. 2) The difference of anchoring effect reduced according to additional verbal information in 'choco chip' with regularity. but has no statistical meaning of interaction effect. However the causes of two results are different. 3) The interaction effect of cognitive load(without vs. moderate vs. high) is meaningful statistically. difference of anchoring effect reduced according to additional verbal information in 'choco chip' with regularity in 'choco chip' with regularity. This study provides strategic implication that it overcomes the limitation of the prior resuarch and may reinforce the biased judgement by cognitive overload.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.363-381
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• 2013

The constituents of math learning styles are information recognition and information processing in the cognitive domain and attitudes toward math learning and environments of math learning in the affective domain. Each of the constituents has two opposing styles; there are the visual style and verbal style in information recognition; and there are the whole style and analytical style in information processing. And as for attitudes toward math learning, there are two styles which are the authoritative and goal-oriented style and the practical and entertaining style. Also as for attitudes toward environments of math learning, there are two styles which are the interior-oriented style and exterior-oriented style. There can be classified into 16 types of mathematics learning by the combination of a total of 8 styles of mathematics learning. The purpose of this study was to analyze the preference of the students from three middle schools located in Daegu Metropolitan City to the styles and types of mathematics learning.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.719-722
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• 2016

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious health problem in Thailand, particularly in northeastern and northern regions, but epidemiological studies are scarce and the spatial distribution of CCA remains to be determined. A database for the population at risk is required for monitoring, surveillance and organization of home health care. This study aim was to geo-visually display the distribution of CCA in northeast Thailand, using a geographic information system and Google Earth. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 9 sub-districts and 133 villages in Chum Phuang district, Nakhon Ratchasima province during June and October 2015. Data on demography, and the population at risk for CCA were combined with the points of villages, sub-district boundaries, district boundaries, and points of hospitals in districts, then fed into a geographical information system. After the conversion, all of the data were imported into Google Earth for geo-visualization. Results: A total of 11,960 from 83,096 population were included in this study. Females and male were 52.5%, and 47.8%, the age group 41-50 years old 33.3%. Individual risk for CCA was identifed and classified by using the Korat CCA verbal screening test as low (92.8%), followed by high risk (6.74%), and no (0.49%), respectively. Gender ($X^2$-test=1143.63, p-value= 0.001), age group ($X^2$-test==211.36, p-value=0.0001), and sub-district ($X^2$-test=1471.858, p-value=0.0001) were significantly associated with CCA risk. Spatial distribution of the population at risk for CCA in Chum Phuang district was viewed with Google Earth. Geo-visual display followed Layer 1: District, Layer 2: Sub-district, Layer 3: Number of low risk in village, Layer 4: Number of high risk in village, and Layer 5: Hospital in Chum Phuang District and their related catchment areas. Conclusions: We present the first risk geo-visual display of CCA in this rural community, which is important for spatial targeting of control efforts. Risk appears to be strongly associated with gender, age group, and sub-district. Therefor, spatial distribution is suitable for the use in the further monitoring, surveillance, and home health care for CCA.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-25
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• 2011

Brand names are often considered as a part of product and important extrinsic cues of product evaluation, when consumers make purchasing decisions. For a company, brand names are also important assets. Building a strong brand name in the Chinese commonwealth is a main challenge for many global companies. One of the first problem global company has to face is how to translate English brand name into Chinese brand name. It is very difficult decision because of cultural and linguistic differences. Western languages are based on an alphabet phonetic system, whereas Chinese are based on ideogram. Chinese speakers are more likely to recall stimuli presented as brand names in visual rather than spoken recall, whereas English speakers are more likely to recall the names in spoken rather than in visual recall. We interpret these findings in terms of the fact that mental representations of verbal information in Chinese are coded primarily in a visual manner, whereas verbal information in English is coded by primarily in a phonological manner. A key linguistic differences that would affect the decision to standardize or localize when transferring English brand name to Chinese brand name is the writing system. Prior Chinese brand naming research suggests that popular Chinese naming translations foreign companies adopt are phonetic, semantic, and phonosemantic translation. The phonetic translation refers to the speech sound that is produced, such as the pronunciation of the brand name. The semantic translation involves the actual meaning of and association made with the brand name. The phonosemantic translation preserves the sound of the brand name and brand meaning. Prior brand naming research has dealt with word-level analysis in examining English brand name that are desirable for improving memorability. We predict Chinese brand name suggestiveness with different translation methods lead to different levels of consumers' evaluations. This research investigates the structural linguistic characteristics of the Chinese language and its impact on the brand name evaluation. Otherwise purpose of this study is to examine the effect of brand concept on the evaluation of brand name. We also want to examine whether the evaluation is moderated by Chinese translation types. 178 Taiwanese participants were recruited for the research. The following findings are from the empirical analysis on the hypotheses established in this study. In the functional brand concept, participants in Chinese translation by semantic were likely to evaluate positively than Chinese translation by phonetic. On the contrary, in the symbolic brand concept condition, participants in Chinese translation by phonetic evaluated positively than by semantic. And then, we found Chinese translation by phonosemantic was most favorable evaluations regardless of brand concept. The implications of these findings are discussed for Chinese commonwealth marketers with respect to brand name strategies. The proposed model helps companies to effectively select brand name, making it highly applicable for academia and practitioner. name and brand meaning. Prior brand naming research has dealt with word-level analysis in examining English brand name that are desirable for improving memorability. We predict Chinese brand name suggestiveness with different translation methods lead to different levels of consumers' evaluations. This research investigates the structural linguistic characteristics of the Chinese language and its impact on the brand name evaluation. Otherwise purpose of this study is to examine the effect of brand concept on the evaluation of brand name. We also want to examine whether the evaluation is moderated by Chinese translation types. 178 Taiwanese participants were recruited for the research. The following findings are from the empirical analysis on the hypotheses established in this study. In the functional brand concept, participants in Chinese translation by semantic were likely to evaluate positively than Chinese translation by phonetic. On the contrary, in the symbolic brand concept condition, participants in Chinese translation by phonetic evaluated positively than by semantic. And then, we found Chinese translation by phonosemantic was most favorable evaluations regardless of brand concept. The implications of these findings are discussed for Chinese commonwealth marketers with respect to brand name strategies. The proposed model helps companies to effectively select brand name, making it highly applicable for academia and practitioner.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1293-1297
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• 2016

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious problem in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern and northern regions. Database of population at risk are need required for monitoring, surveillance, home health care, and home visit. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a geographic information system (GIS) database and Google map of the population at risk of CCA in Mueang Yang district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand during June to October 2015. Populations at risk were screened using the Korat CCA verbal screening test (KCVST). Software included Microsoft Excel, ArcGIS, and Google Maps. The secondary data included the point of villages, sub-district boundaries, district boundaries, point of hospital in Mueang Yang district, used for created the spatial databese. The populations at risk for CCA and opisthorchiasis were used to create an arttribute database. Data were tranfered to WGS84 UTM ZONE 48. After the conversion, all of the data were imported into Google Earth using online web pages www.earthpoint.us. Some 222 from a 4,800 population at risk for CCA constituted a high risk group. Geo-visual display available at following www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=zPxtcHv_iDLo.kvPpxl5mAs90&hl=th. Geo-visual display 5 layers including: layer 1, village location and number of the population at risk for CCA; layer 2, sub-district health promotion hospital in Mueang Yang district and number of opisthorchiasis; layer 3, sub-district district and the number of population at risk for CCA; layer 4, district hospital and the number of population at risk for CCA and number of opisthorchiasis; and layer 5, district and the number of population at risk for CCA and number of opisthorchiasis. This GIS database and Google map production process is suitable for further monitoring, surveillance, and home health care for CCA sufferers.