• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.24-34
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• 2002

Objective : To report seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp which is treated by Bee-venom Acupuncture therapy. Methods : Under the assumption that Be-venom Therapy may be effective for treatment seborrheic dermatitis, Bee-venom acupuncture was injected subcutaneously into the lesion including Gv24(神庭), Gv23(上星), Gv22, Gv20(白會), B4(曲差), B5(五處), B6(承光), S8(頭維), etc. Results : The symptoms including erythematous plaque, scale, itching were resolved clearly except a little scale by Bee-venom acupuncture Therapy. Conclusions : Bee-venom acupuncture Therapy is effective in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. if more clinical trials like this are proved to be effective in seborrheic dermatitis, we can expect that Bee-venom acupuncture Therapy is used to treatment of seborrheic dermatitis as good method.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 2005

objectives : This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Bee Venom acupuncture therapy for sprain of L -spine. Methods : A randomized double blinding study of bee venom acupuncture therapy was conducted on sprain of L-spine. We divided sprain of L-spine patient into 2 groups: one group with both acupuncture and saline acupuncture therapy, and another group with both acupuncture and bee venom acupuncture therapy. To estimate the efficacy of treatment that applied for two groups, we used visual analog scale(VAS) and oswestry disability index(ODI). We compared the VAS and ODI score of two groups statistically. Results : 1. As a result of evaluation by using visual analog scale(VAS) and oswestry disability index(ODI), treatment score after 5 days was marked more higher than score before treatment and treatment score after 10 days treatment was more higher than treatment score after 5 days on each groups. 2. After 10 days treatment, acupuncture and bee venom acupuncture therapy group had significant result on visual analog scale(VAS) and oswestry disability index(ODI) compared with acupuncture and saline acupuncture therapy group. Conclusion : Bee Venom acupuncture therapy can be used with acupuncture therapy for highly effective treatment for sprain of L-spine.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2014

Objectives : I investigated whether bee venom inhibit cell growth through enhancement of death receptor expressions in the human lung cancer cells, NCI-H460. Methods : Bee venom(1-5 ${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the growth of NCI-H460 lung cancer cells by the induction of apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner. Results : Consistent with apoptotic cell death, expression of TNF-R1, TNF-R2, FAS, death receptors(DR) 3, 4, 5 and 6 was increased in the cells. Expression of DR downstream pro-apoptotic proteins including Caspase-8, -3, -9 was upregulated and Bax was concomitantly overwhelmed the expression of Bcl-2. NF-kB were inhibited by treatment with bee venom in NCI-H460 cells through TNF response change led by TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. Conclusions : These results suggest that bee venom should exert anti-tumor effect through induction of apoptotic cell death in NCI-H460 human lung cancer cells via enhancement of death receptor expression, and that bee venom could be a promising agent for preventing and treating lung cancer.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.71-79
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was undertaken to identify fibrinolytic proteases from Gloydius blomhoffii siniticus venom and to characterize a major fibrinolytic protease purified from the venom. Methods : The venom was subjected to chromatography using columns of Q-Sepharose and Sephadex G-75. The molecular weights of fibrinolytic proteases showing fibrinolytic zone in fibrin plate assay were determined in SDS-PAGE (Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) The effects of inhibitors and metal ions on fibrinolytic protease and the proteolysis patterns of fibrinogen, gelatin, and bovine serum albumin were investigated. Results : 1) The fibrinolytic fractions of the three peaks isolated from Gloydius blomhoffii siniticus venom contained two polypeptides of 46 and 59 kDa and three polypeptides of 32, 18, and 15 kDa and a major polypeptide of 54 kDa, respectively. 2) The fibrinolytic activity of the purified protease of 54 kDA was inhibited by metal chelators, such as EDTA, EGTA, and 1,10-phenanthroline, and disulfhydryl-reducing compounds, such as dithiothreitol and cysteine. 3) Calcium chloride promoted the fibrinolytic activity of the protease, but mercuric chloride and cobalt(II) chloride inhibited it. 4) The fibrinolytic protease cleaved preferentially A${\alpha}$-chain and slowly B${\beta}$-chain of fibrinogen. It also hydrolyzed gelatin but not bovine serum albumin. Conclusions : The Gloydius blomhoffii siniticus venom contained more than three fibrinolytic proteases. The major fibrinolytic protease was a metalloprotease which hydrolyzed both fibrinogen and gelatin, but not bovine serum albumin.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

To study anti-cancer effect and molecular biological mechanism of bee venom for aqua-acupuncture, the effects of bee venom on cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed using MTT assay, tryphan blue assay, $[^3H]$thymidine release assay, flow cytometric analysis, and activity of caspase-3 protease activity assay. To explore whether anti-cancer effects of bee venom are associated with the transcriptional control of gene expression, quantitative RT-PCR analysis of apoptosis-related genes was performed. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. The MTT assay demonstrated that cell viability was decreased by bee venom in a dose-dependant manner. 2. Significant induction of apoptosis was identified using tryphan blue assay, $[^3H]$thymidine release assay, and flow cytomet1 ric analysis of sub $G_1$ fraction. 3. In analysis of caspase-3 protease activity, the activity had increased significantly, in a dose-dependant manner. 4. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the apoptosis-related genes showed that Bcl-2 and Bcl-$X_L$ were down-regulated whereas Bax was up-regulated by bee venom treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.107-119
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• 2004

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bee Venom and melittin on the lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and sodium nitroprusside(SNP)-induced expressions of Cell viability, nitric oxide(NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), extra-signal response kinase(ERK), jun N-terminal Kinase(JNK) and p38 kinase(p38)- mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) Family- in RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. Methods : The expressions of cell viability by MTT assay, NO by Nitrite assay and iNOS, ERK, JNK and p38 were determined by Western blotting. Results : 1. Compared with the control group, 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin increased cell viability of RAW 264.7 induced by LPS and SNP significantly respectively. 2. Compared with the control group, 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin inhibited expression of NO induced by LPS and SNP significantly respectively. 3. Compared with the control group, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin inhibited expression of iNOS induced by LPS significantly and 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin inhibited expression of iNOS induced by SNP significantly. 4. Compared with the control group, the expression of ERK induced by LPS and SNP decreased significantly in the treatment groups of $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin, which of p-ERK by LPS also did in 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin, but which of p-ERK by SNP did not decrease. 5. Compared with the control group, the. expression of JNK induced by LPS and SNP decreased significantly in the treatment groups of 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin, which of p-JNK by LPS in 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin and by SNP in $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin decreased significantly. 6. Compared with the control group, the expression of p38 induced by LPS did not have significant difference, which induced by SNP decreased significantly in the treatment groups of 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin. p-p38 induced by LPS decreased significantly in the treatment group of $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of melittin, which induced by SNP also decreased significantly in 0.5, 1, $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ bee venom and 5, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ melittin.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.120-126
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• 2004

After administration of Oriental medicine with Bee venom acupuncture to two cases of Herpes zoster and Post-herpetic neuralgia. We can observe remarkable efficacy on relief from pain. This results suggest that Oriental medicine with Bee venom acupuncture can be one of a good remedy for Herpes zoster and Post-herpetic neuralgia.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 1986

For the inactivation of venoms, the chemical methods are generally applied. In the chemical method many works have been carried out with the chemical reagents and immunological antiserums. However, all inhibitory effect of these chemicals acting on snake venomes may well be due not to the specific, but to the nonspecific inhibitory action. Therefore, it is necessary to separate venom into its compositional active proteins and develop specific inhibitor which acts on the each protein. Until now, there have not been any reports about the substance which acts on snake venom as a specific inhibitor. Recently in 1979, we had actually isolated a specific venom inhibitor(ISV) which has a strong inhibitory activity against the proteinase of snake venom of Colubridae. In our experiments described here, a strain of Aspergillus sp., isolated from soil, was able to produce a biological active substance. The partial crystallized substance had a strong inhibitory activity against hemorrhagic action of snake venom of Colubridae. For the inhibitory action of the sample on the lethality of venom, the substance prevented completely the lethal action of the hemorrhagic factor when they were treated with enough amount of the substance. The edema factor of whole venom of Agristrodon bromohoffi brevicaudus was completely inhibited, but those of HR-I and HR-II of Trimeresurus flavoviridis venom were inhibited about 50%, when they were treated with the substance of half amount of venom. On the other hand, from the result of subcutaneous hemorrhage in a rabbit, it was concluded that two kinds of antihemorrhagic substance might be produced by the strain used in this work.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Bee Venom on the lipopolysaccharide(LPS), sodium nitroprusside(SNP), hydrogen peroxide$(H_2O_2)$-induced expression inducilble nitric oxide synthetase(iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$(TNF-${\alpha}$) and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-kB) in RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. Method : The expressions of expression iNOS and TNF-${\alpha}$ were determined by western blotting with corresponding antibodies. The expressions of expression NF-kB was assayed by EMSA method. Results : 1. The 0.5, 1 and $5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom on LPS-induced expression of iNOS, the $5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom on SNP-induced expression of iNOS and the $1{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom on $H_2O_2$-induced expression of iNOS compared with control were inhibited significantly. 2. The 0.5, 1 and $5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom inhibited significantly LPS and $H_2O_2$-induced expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ compared with control, respectively. The $0.5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom increased significantly SNP-induced expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ compared with control. 3. The $5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom on LPS-induced expression of NF-kB, the $0.5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom on SNP-induced expression of NF-kB and the 0.5, $5{\mu}g/mg$ of bee venom on $H_2O_2$-induced expression of NF-kB were inhibited significantly compared with control, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.287-295
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of honeybee venom injection (VI) collected using bee venom collector compared to that of bee venom accupuncture (VA) on the body weight gain, growth rate and hematological characteristics of piglets. One hundred sixty two piglets from 15 sows were allocated in to three groups; honeybee venom subcutaneous injection groups (97 piglets from 9 sows), honeybee venom accupuncture -treated group (31 piglets from 3 sows), and non -treated control group and 30 days after birth. Honeybee venom subcutaneous injection groups divided by a syringeful; group A (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg ), group B (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 rug), and group C (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mg). During 60 days experiment, weight gain and survivability in VI and VA treatment of pigs were higher compared with control. Survival rate during the experiment period was 96.8% in group C, 93.2 % in VA and 86.7 % in control. Weight gain and survivability were effected by VI and VA. WBC, RBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, serum total protein, and albumin concentration were not affected by VI and VA. Serum IgG concentration of VI and VA treatments were greater than that of control. In conclusion, VI and VA were effective for improving growth performance and to increase the concentrations of blood Ig G in growing pigs. No statistical differences were found for VI and VA. These results suggested that the treatment of honeybee venom injection collected using bee venom collector could be used effectively for the increase productivity.