• 한국가구학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1999

During a radio-frequency/vacuum plus press drying process of some hardwood veneers for decoration we investigated the effect of a grain and thickness of a veneer sheet on drying rates, variations of final moisture content within a bundle of veneer sheets, and formation of checking, end waving, and burning mark. About thirty three hundreds sheet of veneer could be dried in sixty five hours from green to in0-use moisture content, and a final moisture content was significantly effected by initial moisture content of veneer. There were nearly variations in a final moisture content among the veneer sheets in the same bundle. A checking was never found in a edge-sliced veneer, and very slight in a flat-sliced veneer of ash and red oak. There were no end waving and no burning mark in all veneer sheets.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2010

The objective of this research was executed to investigate the effect of molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea and melamine (F/(U+M)) of urea-melamine-formaldehyde (UMF) resin on bonding high and low moisture content veneers. For that purpose, UMF resin types with 5 different F/(U+M) molar ratios (1.45, 1.65, 1.85, 2.05, and 2.25) synthesized were used in present study. First, their curing behavior was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry. Second, their adhesion performance in bonding high and low moisture content veneers was evaluated by probe tack and dry and wet shear strength tests. Curing temperature and reaction enthalpy decreased with the increase of F/(U+M) molar ratio. And the dry and wet shear strengthsof plywood manufactured from low moisture content veneers were higher than thoseof plywood manufactured from high moisture content veneers. Also, the maximum initial tack force on the low moisture content veneer was higher than that on the high moisture content veneer.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.167-167
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• 1982

Italian poplar (Populus euramericana) rotary veneers were press-dried and air-dried to study drying curves, thickness shrinkage and width shrinkage of them under several drying conditions such as drying temperatures and veneer thicknesses. The results of the study are summarized as follows; 1. In press-drying, drying times from green condition to about final moisture content of 10 percent with veneer thickness of 0.6mm by platen temperatures required about 10 minutes at platen temperature of $100^{\circ}C$, 3 minutes at $110^{\circ}C$, 1 minute at $120^{\circ}C$ and $130^{\circ}C$, respectively. 2. In press, drying, drying times from green condition to about final moisture content of 10 percent by veneer thicknesses required 2 minutes at veneer thickness of 0.6mm, 4 minutes at 1.2mm,6 minutes at 1.8mm and 9 minutes at 3.6mm, respectively. 3. In air-drying, drying times from green condition to air-dried moisture content by veneer thicknesses required 15 hours at veneer thickness of 0.6mm, 18 hours at 1.2mm and 23 hours at 2.4mm, respectively. 4. Thickness shrinkage of press-drying was remarkably greater than that of air-drying, but width shrinkage of press-drying was rather smaller. 5. Difference of thickness shrinkage among platen temperatures was insignificant, and width shrinkage at platen temperature of $130^{\circ}C$ was the least.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.407-419
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• 2014

잣나무, 리기다소나무, 낙엽송, 백합나무 등 수종과 두께가 다른 평단판 및 단판롤(롤 형태의 단판)을 고정형 마이크로파로 가열하여 가열 전후 형상, 표면 함수율, 함수중량 변화와 표면 열분포를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 평단판의 경우 마이크로파 가열에 따른 품질상태는 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났지만, 약간의 뒤틀림이 발생하였으며, 이는 비균일 건조응력에 따른 변형과 고정형 마이크로파 장비의 특성상 단판 형태로 가열 시 국부적인 조사가 이루어진 영향이 컸기 때문으로 판단된다. 단판롤 형태의 마이크로파 가열 특성은 가열 후 품질 모두 양호하였으며, 특히 평단판에서 나타난 뒤틀림 등의 결함은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 열분포 및 확산 등이 매우 안정적으로 이루어진 것으로 판단되며, 이러한 열분포는 표면 함수율 분포 및 함수중량 감소에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 단판롤 형태는 수종 및 두께에 따라 출력과 조사시간 등 충분한 시험이 실시된다면, 고정형 장비에서도 충분한 건조효율을 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2007

The influences of coating on oak veneer overlaid Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) were evaluated. The hardness of 9mm-MDF by hardness test were increased about 28% with coating on MDF and the more increased hardness of 31% with oak veneer overlaid MDF. The hardness of veneer overlaid MDF increased with increment of the veneer thickness and that of overlaid MDF showed the higher hardness compared to non-overlaid MDF. The optimum moisture content in terms of the hardness of panels MDF was in the range of 7% to 10% and the hardness was decreased with increasing of the moisture content. Any cracks were not overlaid coated on the MDF but the cracks were observed on the overlaid MDF after Soak under Vacuum Dry 10-cycle. The thicker veneer-overlaid MDF showed more cracks.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2006

본 연구는 단판 함수율을 0%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 15%, 30%로, 지방산: 글리세롤: MDI의 당량비율을 1:1:2, 1:1:3, 1:1:4, 1:1:5, 1:1:6 으로 달리하여 상태 (비내수)접착력을 조사하였다. 함수율 0%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 15%에서는 지방산 : 글리세롤 : MDI 당량비 1:1:2 일때, KS F 3101(보통합판) 기준 접착력 $7.0kgf/cm^2$를 상회하였으며, 함수율이 커질수록 접착력이 점차 감소하여 각각 $13.7kgf/cm^2$, $1.6kgf/cm^2$, $11.2kgf/cm^2$, $9.8kgf/cm^2$, $7.4kgf/cm^2$ 순으로 나타났다. 함수율 30% 에서는 지방산 : 글리세롤 : MDI 당량비 1:1:6 일 때, 강도 $8.1kgf/cm^2$로 KS 규격 접착력을 만족하였다. KS 규격 접착력을 만족시키기 위해서는 단판의 함수율이 증가할수록 MDI 비율을 높여야 한다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of grain and veneer thickness on drying rate, required energy consumption, and drying defects such as checking, end waving, and burning during a far-infrared radiation drying process of decorative veneers of hard maple and beech. Most of the veneer could be dried from green to in-use moisture content within 30 to 360 seconds. The drying rates were significantly affected by veneer thickness, but there was little difference between edge-and flat-sliced veneers. The formation of checking during drying test was none or very slight. The percentages of the veneers defected by checks were higher in the flat-sliced veneers than in the edge-sliced veneers. The maximum end wavinesses in the flat-sliced veneers were almost 1.6 to 3 times larger than that in the edge-sliced veneers. All veneers were fee from burned marks during drying test.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2004

본 연구는 두께 24 mm 뉴질랜드산 라디아타 소나무 단판의 마이크로파-열풍 복합 건조특성을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 단판을 100℃ 열풍과 복합한 마이크로파 건조한 결과 함수율 160%에서 0%까지 건조하는데 7.5분이 소요되었다. 이 건조속도는 100℃ 열풍만으로 건조한 경우에 비하여 약 3배 정도 높은 수준이었다. 그러나 과도한 마이크로파 출력이 가해지면 탄흔이 남는 문제가 발생하였다. 그러므로 최적의 건조조건을 결정하기 위해서는 다양한 규격과 수종의 단판에 대한 마이크로파 건조특성의 파악이 요구됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.828-841
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• 2016

Relatively little information is available regarding the correlation between wood and veneer quality, especially for Samama wood, an endemic wood species in eastern Indonesia. This study addresses the quality of 8 years old Samama wood and its effect on the veneer quality. Samama wood quality was determined by evaluating its specific gravity, moisture content, fiber dimensions, and microfibril angle from pith toward bark. Meanwhile, veneer quality was assessed by examining veneer thickness and lathe check characteristics. Geometry factor model was constructed to elaborate the quantities of lathe check from pith toward bark. Results show that fair variations of veneer thickness, ranging from 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm, could be obtained from Samama wood. The quantity, depth, and length of lathe check were noticeably decreasing toward bark. Further, in the same manufacturing process, geometry factor was determined as the dominant factor over other wood properties in affecting the frequency of lathe checks from pith towards bark. These facts should be put into consideration in producing veneer from Samama wood. Moreover, these results enlighten the potential of Samama wood as plywood and other excellent veneer-based products.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.86-101
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• 1990

The primary objective of this research was to investigate the strength properties of Comply, a composite panel. fabricated with particle board as core material and veneer or plywood as face and back. 20types of comply composites were manufactured according to the four specific gravity levels(0.5, 0.6, 0.7 or 0.8) of particleboard core and three veneer or two plywood thicknesses for face and back. They were tested and compared with matching particleboard (control) on moisture content. specific gravity, bending properties(MOE, MOR SPL). nail resistance and internal bond strength. The obtained results were summarized as follows: The increasing effect of modulus of elasticity was shown by the increase of face and back veneer or plywood thickness. The modulus of rupture and stress at proportional limit of the comply composites bonded with 3mm thick veneers or 3mm thick plywood face and back were higher than 2mm thick veneer or 2mm thick plywood as face and back. Both of modulus of rupture and stress at proportional limit on bending of Comply were higher than those of control board. Also the modulus of elasticity of Comply showed much higher than that of control board. The nail resistance of Comply, composed of plywood as face and back was higher than that of veneer. The nail resistance of control board was higher than that of Comply at Sp.Gr 0.7 and 0.8 core boards. Internal bond of Comply, composed of 1mm and 2mm thick veneer as face and back was higher than that of 3mm thick veneer. The increasing effect of modulus of elasticity was shown by the increase of shelling ratio in Comply composed of veneer and plywood as face and back. The modulus of rupture was increased by the increment of shellmg ratio in Compiy, composed of plywood as face and back. The modulus of elasticity and modulus of. rupture of comply were higher than those of particleboard(control) in effect of shelling ratio. Therefore it was concluded that the mechanical property values of Comply were clearly greater than those of particleboard(control).