• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.121-126
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• 2008

Pulse diagnosis refers to the process of diagnosing a patient by feeling an artery on the wrist based on the shape that the pulse take s while the hold-down pressure increase. The styloid process artery on the wrist is usually felt, and the pulse is taken on Chon, Gwan and Cheok using three fingers. This study is to examine the structural difference in the location of pulse diagnosis by measuring and analyzing blood diameter, blood depth, and blood flow velocity of the location of pulse diagnosis by using ultrasonic wave (VOLUSION730 PRO, GE Medical, U.S.A). This study also attempted to grasp whether the characteristics of blood vessels differ depending on Body Mass Index (BMI) and analyzed their correlation with Oriental medical pulse diagnosis. The male subjects without cardiovascular diseases were divided into the normal BMI group, the underweight group and the overweight group and 10 people of each group were measured, Blood depth, blood diameter and blood flow velocity at the location of pulse diagnosis (Chon, Gwan, Cheok) of the wrists of left and right hands were measured and the pulse wave was measured by using pulse diagnosis instrument (3-D Mac, DaeyoMedi, Korea).The results of this study showed that the characteristics of blood vessels differ depending on the degrees of obesity, and the characteristics of floating pulse and sinking pulse of Oriental medical pulses were related to the degrees of obesity. This shows that the characteristics of the blood vessels of subjects and BMI information are the major indicators for diagnosis and are the matters that must always be considered when developing the algorithm of pulse diagnosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.667-676
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• 2005

In this research, the reasonable local scour estimates considered conditions of the bed material and the flow was accomplished on two piers P14 and P17 of Il-san bridge. Especially, the Il-san bridge was located on the lower Han-river where is influenced by the tides of In-chon, and it has hydraulic condition that can cause the bridge piers local scour because of tides at ordinary times, as well as a flood. Therefore, the local scour depth has been presented influenced by the maximum velocity of the flow when a flood after construction and the tides on construction on the basis of the standards of river design and road design, furthermore, the results was made a comparative analysis. According to the results, the local scour depth on the basis of the standards of river design was higher than it on the basis of the standards of road design(SRICOS), and the local scour depth influenced by the maximum velocity of the flow when a flood after construction was determined the final local scour depth of P14 and P17 at the Il-san bridge. It was ascertained that the local scour depth did not exceed the inserted depth of bridge foundation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.725-731
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• 2005

The distribution and kinematic information of the planetary nebula (PN) may provide a hint about the Galactic dynamics and evolutionary history. An analysis of the Galactic planetary nebular distribution and kinematics (distance, direction, velocity) is underwent, using the 502 PNs observational data given in the ‘THE STRASBOURG-ESO CATALOGUE OF GALACTIC PLANETARY NEBULAE.’ The representative average radial velocities, $(V_r)s$ is derived in six different directions of galactic latitudes, $l = 0^{\circ},\;90{\circ},\;180{\circ},\;270{\circ},$ plus apex and antapex $(56{\circ},\;236{\circ})$, respectively. The PNe near the apex approaches to the Sun with radial velocities, which values are $(V_r) = 69.0 km/s;$ whereas, those near the antapex recedes with $(V_r) = 64.1 km/s$, respectively. No particular trends are found along the z direction, although more PNs are found below the Galactic plane. This implies that the 3rd generation objects, PNs, move slowly on the galactic plane compared to the 4th generation stars like the Sun, indicative of possible interaction.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in sit-to-stand movement and static standing balance between young adults and older adults Methods : Thirty young adults and thirty older adults participated in this study. The Good Balance System was used to assess participants' sit-to-stand movement and static standing balance. The sit-to-stand movement was measured as mediolateral and anterioposterior displacement of the centre of pressure (mm/s) while sit-to-stand on a force platform, and time required to complete a sit-to-stand movement on a force platform. The static standing balance was measured as mediolateral and anterioposterior displacement of the center of pressure (mm/s) and velocity moment (mm2/s) while standing on a force platform with opened eyes and with closed eyes. Result : A significant difference was found in the mediolateral and anterioposterior center of pressure displacement and the time required to complete a sit-to-stand movement of the two groups (p<.05). A significant difference between the groups was found as to mediolateral centre of pressure displacement and the velocity moment when standing with opened eyes and with closed eyes (p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, older adults showed decreased sit-to-stand movement and static standing balance ability compared to the young adult. Clinicians should consider sit-to-stand and balance training for older adult.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.576-580
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• 2007

Phytoplankton community dynamics were studied from 2004 to 2006 with two and four weeks interval at mid to lower part of the Nakdong River (Waegwan: RK 194, Goryeong: RK 157, Jukpo: RK 112, Namji: RK 75 and Hanam: RK 63: RK: distance from the Estuarine Barrage), South Korea. Annual averages of water temperature was about $16^{\circ}C$, and dissolved oxygen was ranged between 10.0 and 11.5 mg $L^{-1}$ (percent saturation, 106.5 to 112.8%). Diatoms were dominant group with over 60% of phytoplankton abundance in all study sites (Waegwan: 64%, Goryeong: 69%, Jukpo: 73%, Namji: 79%, and Hanam: 83%). However, the occasional dominances of other groups such as green algae and blue-green algae were observed from March to October. Stephanodiscus hantzschii was dominant species and the relative abundances were highat all study sites (48-72%). The ratio of S. hantzschiiltotal phytoplankton abundance were showed a clear increasing tendency toward the estuarine barrage: i.e. 0.31 at Waegwan, 0.39: Goryeong, 0.50: Jukpo, 0.56: Namji, 0.60: Hanam. The results of this study provide the information that the phytoplankton community structure in a regulated river system is basically affected by the physical properties such as water velocity and retention time, resulting in single species dominance by the stagnancy of river flow.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.305-310
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• 2007

For the understanding of the complex flow characteristics in the counter-rotating axial flow fan, it is necessary to investigate the three-dimensional unsteady flow fields in the counter-rotating axial flow fan. This information is also essential for the prediction of the aerodynamic and acoustical characteristics of the counter-rotating axial flow fan. Experimental study on the three-dimensional unsteady flow in the counter-rotating axial flow fan is carried out at the design point(operating condition). Three-dimensional unsteady flow fields in the counter rotating axial flow fan are measured at the cross-sectional planes of the upstream and downstream of each rotor using the $45^{\circ}$ inclined hot-wire. Three-dimensional unsteady flow fields in the counter-rotating axial flow such as the wake, the tip vortex and the tip leakage flow are shown the form of the velocity vectors and the velocity contours.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.287-316
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• 2017

This paper studies the particularities of the forced vibration of the hydro-elastic system consisting of a moving elastic plate, compressible viscous fluid and rigid wall. This study is made by employing the discrete-analytical solution method proposed in the paper by the authors (Akbarov and Panakhli (2015)). It is assumed that in the initial state the fluid flow is caused by the axial movement of the plate and the additional lineally-located time-harmonic forces act on the plate and these forces cause additional flow field in the fluid and a stress-strain state in the plate. The stress-strain state in the plate is described by utilizing the exact equations and relations of the linear elastodynamics. However, the additional fluid flow field is described with linearized Navier-Stokes equations for a compressible viscous fluid. Numerical results related to the influence of the problem parameters on the frequency response of the normal stress acting on the plate fluid interface plane and fluid flow velocity on this plane are presented and discussed. In this discussion, attention is focused on the influence of the initial plate axial moving velocity on these responses. At the same, it is established that as a result of the plate moving a resonance type of phenomenon can take place under forced vibration of the system. Moreover, numerical results regarding the influence of the fluid compressibility on these responses are also presented and discussed.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.35-47
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• 2003

Seismic ground motion can vary significantly over distances comparable to the length of a majority of highway bridges on multiple supports. This paper presents results of fragility analysis of two actual highway bridges under ground motion with spatial variation. Ground motion time histories are artificially generated with different amplitudes, phases, as well as frequency contents at different support locations. Monte Carlo simulation is performed to study dynamic responses of the bridges under these ground motions. The effect of spatial variation on the seismic response is systematically examined and the resulting fragility curves are compared with those under identical support ground motion. This study shows that ductility demands for the bridge columns can be underestimated if the bridge is analyzed using identical support ground motions rather than differential support ground motions. Fragility curves are developed as functions of different measures of ground motion intensity including peak ground acceleration(PGA), peak ground velocity(PGV), spectral acceleration(SA), spectral velocity(SV) and spectral intensity(SI). This study represents a first attempt to develop fragility curves under spatially varying ground motion and provides information useful for improvement of the current seismic design codes so as to account for the effects of spatial variation in the seismic design of long-span bridges.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.51-56
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• 2004

A fire outbreak in a reinforcement concrete structure looses the organism by the different contraction and expansion of hardened cement pastes and aggregate, and causes cracks by thermal stress, leading to the deterioration of the durability. So concrete reinforcement structure is damaged partial or whole structure system. Therefore diagnosis of deterioration is needed based on mechanism of fire deterioration in general concrete structures. Fundamental information and data on the properties of concrete exposed to high temperature are necessary for accurate diagnosis of deterioration. In this study, it was presented data for the accurate diagnosis and selection of repair and reinforcement system for the deteriorated concrete heated highly, various concrete such as standard design compressive strength, fine aggregate and admixture were exposed to a high temperature environment. And fundamental data were measured engineering properties such as explosive spatting, ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

We have developed a 24GHz side-looking vehicle detection radar. A 24GHz front-end module and a novel signal processing algorithm have been developed for speed measurement and size classification of vehicles in multiple lanes. The system has a fixed antenna and FMCW processing module. This paper presents the background theory of operation and shows some measured data using the algorithm. The data shows that measured velocity of the passing vehicle is within the accuracy of 95% in single lane and the velocity of the vehicles in two lanes is within the accuracy of 90% by using variable threshold estimation. The classification of vehicle size as small, medium and large has been measured with 89% accuracy.