• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1057-1062
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• 2008

Representing a complex, three-dimensional shape, such as an automobile, requires a large amount of CAD data consisting of millions of approximated discontinuous points, which makes it difficult or even impossible to efficiently optimize the entire shape. For this reason, in this paper, function based design method is proposed to optimize the external shape of an automobile. A vehicle modeling function was defined in the form of a Bernstein polynomial to smoothly express the complex 2D and 3D automobile configurations. The sub-sectional parts of the vehicle modeling function are defined as section functions through classifying each subsection of a box model. It is shown that the use of the vehicle modeling functions has the useful advantages in an aerodynamic shape optimization.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.77-87
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• 2024

In the present study, seakeeping performance for an amphibious vehicle in regular head waves was analyzed and evaluated experimentally and numerically. First, seakeeping tests were performed to confirm the vehicle's motion response of heave, pitch motion and vertical acceleration in restricted wavelength ratio conditions for a simplified vehicle shape. Numerical analyses were also conducted for a simplified vehicle shape to validate the numerical solver. To simulate the vehicle's motions, multi-degrees of freedom were calculated by a dynamic fluid-body interaction solver in STAR-CCM+. Comparison between numerical and experimental results was carried out for a simplified vehicle shape. Numerical results are in good agreement with experimental results. Second, numerical analyses were performed for a detailed vehicle shape considering seaway wavelength conditions. The seakeeping performance for an amphibious vehicle was evaluated by comparing with the existing ship's seakeeping performance standards.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.503-505
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• 2008

The purpose of the current study is to examine the aerodynamic characteristics of two hypersonic vehicles in near space. One is derived from waverider shape, and the other from liftbody. The objective of this study are threefold. The first is to creat an computational database for hypersonic vehicle configurations. The second is to examine the effects of individual vehicle components on hypersonic configurations and to determine the differences in aerodynamic characteristics that result from integrating all vehicle components. The third objective is to evaluate the controllability of each of the fully integrated vehicles and the effectiveness of the control surface design. These objectives were accomplished using DSMC solutions and aerodynamic code developed in Northwestern Polytechnical University. The results are analyzed also in three sections. First, the results of the waverider shape and liftbody shape without integrated vehicle components are presented. Second, the results of adding aircraft components to the waverider shape and liftbody shape are presented. Finally, the aerodynamic characteristics of the fully integrated waverider-derived configuration and liftbody-derived configuration are examined and compared with those of the pure waverider shape and liftbody shape. Comparation between fully integrated waverider-derived configuration and liftbody-derived configuration are also presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.129-136
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• 2002

Electric vehicle body has to be subjected to uniform load and demand auxiliary equipment such as air pipe, electric wire pipe and gas pipe. Especially, lightweight vehicle body is salutary to save operating costs and fuel consumption. Cross beam supports the weight of passenger and electrical equipments and account for the most of weight of vehicle body. Therefore this study performs the size and the shape optimization of crossbeam for electric vehicle using GENESIS 7.0 and presents the effect of mass reduction and the shape of hole in cross beam.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.133-139
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• 2000

Vibrational characteristics of the vehicle structure are mainly influenced by the shape of the pillar cross section. In this paper a vehicle structural optimization technique has been developed to investigate a lightweight vehicle structure subject to constraints on natural frequencies in a simple beam-and-shell model. In this technique, the optimization procedures involve two stages. In the first stage, the section procedures involve tow stages. In the first stage, the section properties of beam elements of the vehicle structure has been optimized to have minimum weight while satisfying the constraints of natural frequencies. And, in the second stage, the shape of the cross section of the elements of the structure has been determined.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2015

Recent developments in robotics and intelligent vehicle area, bring interests of people in an autonomous driving ability and advanced driving assistance system. Especially fully automatic parking ability is one of the key issues of intelligent vehicles, and accurate parked vehicles detection is essential for this issue. In previous researches, many types of sensors are used for detecting vehicles, 2D LiDAR is popular since it offers accurate range information without preprocessing. The L shape feature is most popular 2D feature for vehicle detection, however it has an ambiguity on different objects such as building, bushes and this occurs misdetection problem. Therefore we propose the accurate vehicle detection method by using a 3D complete vehicle model in 3D point clouds acquired from front inclined 2D LiDAR. The proposed method is decomposed into two steps: vehicle candidate extraction, vehicle detection. By combination of L shape feature and point clouds segmentation, we extract the objects which are highly related to vehicles and apply 3D model to detect vehicles accurately. The method guarantees high detection performance and gives plentiful information for autonomous parking. To evaluate the method, we use various parking situation in complex urban scene data. Experimental results shows the qualitative and quantitative performance efficiently.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.23 no.61
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• pp.1-11
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• 2000

Ergonomic vehicle design is very important for driver's safety and sensibility. Many studies have emphasized the physical factors of human operator and usability of control devices. However, driver's cognitive factors such as the shape of cognitive map have not been well documented. The aim of this research is to find the relationship between the shape of Instrument Pane (IP) in driver's cognitive map and the real vehicle. To do this, Sketch Map Method (SMM), that is an extraction method of cognitive map, was employed to extract the shape of middle-aged driver's cognitive map. In this study, SMM was modified to formulate driver's cognitive map because this process is not being in the existing SMM. Next, correlation was analyzed between individual cognitive map and the shape of real vehicle's IP. The result showed that the position of volume control switch and cigar jack was similar between these but the position of others wasn't.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.6-12
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• 2018

Optimized section shape of aluminum bumper backbeam for enhancing the front high speed crashworthiness was investigated. Front body analysis model of a convertible vehicle was built up and parameter studies were carried out with changing the inner rib shape and the section thickness distribution. First an inner rib shape displaying most efficient structural performance was selected. Next, for the selected section the effect of section thickness combination was examined. Also, a light weighed backbeam section displaying crash performance over the current design was suggested. Finally RCAR front low speed impact analyses were carried out for the optimized models.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.329-335
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• 2014

A maglev vehicle of middle-low speed subjected to both a lift force and a guidance force by a U-shaped single electromagnet is operated over a curved guideway without a guidance controller. Therefore, it is required to carefully decide the curve shape for preventing contact between the vehicle and the guiderail for the case that a Maglev vehicle is operated over a curved guideway with a small radius. Specifically, the shape of the transition curve is very important from the stability viewpoint. This study analyzes the influence of curve shape on maglev stability through parametric composition of the transition curve during vehicle guidance. To this end, a multibody dynamics-based threedimensional Maglev vehicle model was developed. The model was integrated with the vehicle, curved guideway, electromagnets, and their controllers. Using this model, a realistic parametric study including the curved guideway was carried out. The results of research should be considered usefully in the design of bogies and the curve shape.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.93-101
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• 2013

PURPOSES : The rumble strip installed at the highway near the tollgate has the purpose to reduce the vehicle velocity or prevent sleepiness by awakening people to the danger. These rumble strip has different vibration decibel from the rumble strip shapes, resulting in some fatigue damage to human because a driver suffers from a lot of stress and displeasure. In this connection, the objective of this paper is to analyze the vibration decibel perceived by a driver in the vehicle under some conditions. METHODS : The vibration decibel conveyed from the tire can be analyzed. The frequency analysis methods were used according to DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) analysis, FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis, CPB (Constant Percentage Bandwidth) analysis. But the frequency analysis method in this paper is the 1/24 OCT(Octave) band analysis because of the convenience of the analysis and the overall vibration amplitude along the frequency. RESULTS : By using the results of the vibration decibel after analyzing the 1/24 OCT band analysis, these results can be compared from some conditions (e.g., rumble strip shape, uniform velocity of a vehicle, road condition, mass of a vehicle). As a result, the numerical values of decibel are not directly proportional to the vehicle velocity. CONCLUSIONS : At the condition that a vehicle is passing by the rumble strip, the value of a vibration decibel at the rumble strip of the cylinder shape is smaller than the rumble strip of rectangular shape regardless of the rumble strip depth and width. At the mass condition, the more a vehicle is massive, the more the vibration decibel increases. At the road condition, the vibration decibel at the wet road is smaller than the value at dry road condition.