• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.660-664
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• 2005

Infantile hemangioendothelioma(IHE) of the liver is the most common vascular tumor in infants before the age of 6 months. It is a histologically benign tumor with potentially life-threatening complications. The clinical manifestations are variable, ranging from asymptomatic forms to intractable high-output heart failure. In addition, abdominal mass, intraperitoneal hemorrhage due to rupture of mass, respiratory distress, hematologic abnormalities and jaundice can occur. Diagnostic work-up is through doppler ultrasound sonography, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. Treatment consists of medical treatment, interventional therapy, surgical resection and liver transplantation. We experienced symptomatic IHE in a premature neonate who presented with high output heart failure and respiratory distress. Initial medical treatment and steroid therapy failed to improve his condition. Coil embolization of left hepatic artery resulted in improvement of respiratory symptoms. However, a left lobectomy was performed because the mass size was not decreased with development of collateral vessels. The infant was well, after a successful discharge from the hospital.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.44-47
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• 2020

The case of pseudo-aneurysm of internal maxillary artery (IMA) in oral and maxillofacial region is known to be very rare. The etiology of this case was regarded as IMA injury by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and such incidence was not reported previously. One case of false aneurysm in the IMA was referred from local dental clinic to our department. Left facial swelling was observed with severe trismus immediately after radiofrequency procedure for masseteric nerve block in local dental clinic. Despite of medication and surgical intervention, the swelling did not subside and there was massive bleeding and pulsation on one of the follow ups. The traumatic vascular disorder was suspected and finally diagnosed with angiography and treated by embolization procedure. RFA targeting masseteric nerve or trigeminal ganglion may cause traumatic injury to adjacent anatomic structures such as IMA, resulting in pseudo-aneurysm. Clinicians must be aware of potential damages of RFA. Angiography enables the solid diagnosis for pseudo-aneurysm, and selective embolization can be optimum treatment method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.4
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• pp.958-964
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• 2020

Spontaneous bleeding due to vascular involvement of neurofibromatosis type 1 is rare but potentially fatal. Herein, we report a case of a lethal spontaneous hemomediastinum in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1. The bleeding was caused by rupture of an aberrant bronchial artery arising from the ipsilateral subclavian artery, which was successfully treated using transarterial embolization with coils and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.125-133
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• 2017

Intramuscular hemangioma (IMH) is a rare vascular disease involving skeletal muscle, comprising only 0.8% of hemangiomas. About 10% to 15% of IMHs occur in the head and neck region, mostly involving the masseter muscle. IMH occurs mostly in childhood, but is often not found until unexpected enlargement, pain, or cosmetic asymmetry occurs in adulthood. Several non-surgical treatments including cryotherapy, sclerosant injection, and arterial ligature have been described, but complete surgical resection is the curative intervention. In this report, we present two rare cases of IMH. One IMH case in a 48-year-old male occurred in the masseter muscle feeding from the transverse facial artery. Embolization of the distal branch of the facial artery was first conducted, and then the buccal mass was removed surgically via the intraoral approach. A second IMH case in a 58-year-old female occurred in the orbicularis oris muscle feeding from the superior labial artery, and the mass was excised surgically without embolization.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.214-217
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• 2021

In rare cases, levoatrial cardinal vein may occur as an isolated condition without additional congenital anomalies. Depending on the direction and flow of the shunt, this pathology may produce symptoms; alternatively, it may be asymptomatic, as in the case presented in this study. In asymptomatic cases, complications, such as paradoxical embolism and brain abscess, can arise later. In the 11-year-old patient whose case is presented here, the levoatrial cardinal vein was asymptomatic and incidentally detected. The percutaneous closure method was applied first. However, by 16 hours after the procedure, the occluder device had embolized to the iliac artery. Emergency surgery was performed; first, the occluder device was removed, and levoatrial cardinal vein ligation was then performed via a mini-thoracotomy. The symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment modalities of isolated levoatrial cardinal vein are discussed in the context of this case described herein.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.119-129
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• 2024

Knowledge of the venous anatomy is essential for appropriately treating dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). It is challenging to determine the overall venous structure despite performing selective angiography for dural AVFs with feeder from multiple selected arteries. This is because only a part of the veins can be observed through the shunt in the selected artery. Therefore, after performing selective angiography of all vessels to understand the approximate venous anatomy, the venous anatomy can be easily understood by closely examining the source image of computed tomographic angiography or magnetic resonance angiography. Through this, it is possible to specify the vein that is to be blocked (target embolization), thereby avoiding extensive blocking of the vein and avoiding various complications. In the case of dural AVF with feeder from single selected artery, if the multiplanar reconstruction image of the three-dimensional rotational computed tomography obtained by performing angiography is analyzed thoroughly, a shunted pouch can be identified. If embolization is performed by targeting this area, unnecessary sinus total packing can be avoided.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2024

Hyperplastic anterior choroidal artery (AchA) is an extremely rare congenital vascular variant that can be mistaken for other cerebral arteries. This case report presents a 38-year-old man who presented with a severe sudden-onset headache and was diagnosed with a ruptured aneurysm originating from a hyperplastic AchA. The aneurysm was successfully treated with coil embolization, but recurrence was detected after eight months, leading to additional surgical intervention. The discussion highlights the classification of hyperplastic AchA and emphasizes the importance of recognizing this anatomical variant to avoid complications during treatment. This case report underscores the need for awareness and understanding of hyperplastic AchA in the management of cerebral aneurysms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.79 no.6
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• pp.315-322
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• 2018

Purpose: To analyze the clinical and angiographic features with outcome of transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with secondary postpartum hemorrhage. Materials and Methods: Clinical details and angiographic features with assessment of arterial embolization were reviewed in total 38 patients underwent arterial embolization at single tertiary referral center. Results: Twenty patients (53%) had Cesarean section. The major causes of bleeding were iatrogenic vascular injury, and retained placenta (55%). The patterns of vaginal bleeding were recorded as intermittent (50%), or as persistent (50%). Seven patients (18%) were hemodynamically unstable at presentation. Positive angiographic findings appeared in eighteen patients (47.3%). The frequency of pseudoaneurysm was statistically high in the Cesarean section (p < 0.001). The used embolic agents except gelfoam were N-butyl cyanoacrylate (n = 7), and microcoil (n = 7). Unilateral selective embolization (26.3%) was shown effective in superselective embolization of bleeding focus. Technical and clinical success rate were 100% and 97.4%, respectively with no complication. Sixteen resumed regular menstruation, and one pregnancy were observed in patients with available follow-up of over 6 months. Conclusion: Considerable rate of hemodynamically unstable patients was observed with high rate of positive angiography findings. Given high successful rate and few complications, early angiographic assessment with embolization should be considered.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.224-229
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• 1996

Head and neck arteriovenous malformation usually forms huge mass, cause profuse bleeding or potenially compromise the airway. This bleeding is vulnerable to be uncontrollable and life­threatening. Sometimes it has a high mortality. Although surgical resection is possible in some cases, the morbidity such as a defects of soft tissue is very high and its reconstruction is very difficult. The authors report an 11 year old female patient in whom occlusion of arteriovenous malformation with glue after transcutaneous embolization made a satisfactory results. At the beginning, she was transferred for massive oral bleeding. The bleeding was persistent and it was not possible to remove the packing in spite of many times of embolizations through feeding arteries. The massive bleeding trom the left upper alveolar mucosa compromised the airway and tracheotomy was done. Whenever the hypovolemic shock was occurred in a short time, blood transfusion and cardiopulmonary resucitation were done. To embolize the vascular mass of arteriovenous malformation, as a final trial before operation, the spinal needle was administered through the left upper gingiva under the fluoroscopy. The glue was injected on the target. The bleeding was stopped and we have noticed the absence of nidus on follow-up angiography after 3 weeks. We experienced that some cases of arteriovenous malformation in head & neck revealing the bleeding could be treated with transcutaneous embolization instead of surgical resection.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.319-323
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• 2009

The primary cause of hemoptysis is the bronchial artery. However, it should be noted that pulmonary artery and other vessels can cause hemoptysis. If the source of the bleeding is not determined after embolization, other evaluations are needed. Systemic-pulmonary anastomosis and pulmonary artery pseudo-aneurysm are rare vascular abnormalities with varying etiologies. An accurate and rapid diagnosis is needed in hemoptysis, since the cause may be life-threatening. We report a case of a 77-years-old man with persistent hemoptysis due to the right inferior phrenic artery - pulmonary artery anastomosis and pseudoaneurysm. After the embolization of the inferior phrenic artery, the hemoptysis was successfully treated.