• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.286-292
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of citron (Citrus junos) on Dongchimi (watery radish kimchi) fermentation. Dongchimi with various levels (0, 1, 2, 4, 6％) of citron was fermented at 10$^{\circ}C$ for 36 days. The pH of Dongchimi decreased slowly in all samples during fermentation, however, it was slightly lower in citron-added Dongchimi. Total acidity and turbidity of Dongchimi increased gradually during formentation, in which the level of increase was greater as the ％ of added citron increased. However, the total acidity and turbidity of Dongchimt without citron increased dramatically on 36$\^{th}$/ day of fermentation, and reached the values similar to those of Dongchimi with 6% citron. Reducing sugar content increased gradually up to 15∼23 days of fermentation and decreased rapidly for the rest of the period. The content of vitamin C was much higher in citron-added Dongchimi, and especially it was 4 times higher than that of without citron at the beginning of fermentation. The number of lactic acid bacteria reached the maximum on 15$\^{th}$/ day in citron-added Dongchimi and on 30$\^{th}$/ day in Dongchimi without citron, and decreased thereafter.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 2002

It was observed that the hot water extract of the leaves of Capsicum annuum L., a Korean edible plant, had a potent anti-complementary activity. Crude polysaccharide fraction(CAL-0) was obtained by methanol reflux, ethanol precipitation, dialysis and lyophilization. CAL-0 contained 51.8% of total sugar, 8.2% of uronic acid and 16.8% of protein, and consisted of mainly arabinose, galactose and glucose as neutral sugars and galacturonic acid as uronic acid. The anti-complementary activity of CAL-0 decreased greatly by periodate oxidation, but was not changed by pronase treatment. Also, the anti-complementary activity of CAL-0 was reduced partially in the absence of the $Ca^{2+}$ ion. The crude polysaccharide CAL-0 was found to activate the C3 component both in the presence and in the absence of $Ca^{2+}$ through the crossed-immunoelectrophoresis suggesting that those involved in both classical and alternative complement pathway CAL-0 was further separated to an unabsorbed fraction(CAL-1) and six absorbed fractions(CAL-2longrightarrowCAL-7) on DEAE Sepharose CL-6B ion exchange column. Among them four major fractions in activity and yield were obtained, and consisted mainly of arabinose, galactose and glucose with various molar ratios. The major fraction, CAL-2, was purified to give a high molecular fraction(CAL-2-I) and a low molecular fraction(CAL-2-II) on Sepharose CL-6B column. The anti-complementary activity of CAL-2-I, a molecular weight of about 61,000, was higher than it of CAL-2-II.-II.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.4449-4454
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• 2010

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of scattered-flower ladybell powdered brown rice Dasik prepared with four kinds of sugars. We noted that the luminance of control sample was higher than that of BRSM and BRIM, but similar to BRFM sample. In Hunter's a of control were higher than those of BRFM and BRFM, but similar to BRSM sample. In Hunter's of b values were decreased. With regard to the mechanical properties of the Dasik samples, we noted significant differences in hardness, gumminess, chewiness but no differences in springiness and cohesiveness were detected. The hardness, gumminess, chewiness of control sample were lowered than those of BRSM and BRIM. The case of sensory evaluation, there were taste and texture of control sample were higher than those of BRSM and BRIM, but BRFM. And the overall quality of BRFM was significantly higher than those of BRSM and BRIM, but control sample.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.462-472
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the quality characteristics of Brassica juncea cultivated in Jeongseon (BJJ), South Korea. We analyzed the nutritional components and antioxidant activity of BJJ. As a result of the free sugar analysis, the contents of glucose and fructose in BJJ were $0.29{\pm}0.02g/100g$ and $0.10{\pm}0.00g/100g$, respectively. The major fatty acids were palmitic acid, octadecenoic acid and stearic acid. The palmitic acid was the highest at 31.22% of all fatty acids. The major minerals were identified as Ca, P, K, Mg and Na. The contents of vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin $B_6$, vitamin C and vitamin E in BJJ were $0.02{\pm}0.00mg/100g$, $0.087{\pm}0.01mg/100g$, $0.02{\pm}0.00mg/100g$, $0.56{\pm}0.06mg/100g$ and $0.20{\pm}0.03mg\;{\alpha}-TE/100g$, respectively. As a result of the free amino acid analysis, total amino acid contents in BJJ were $2,801.21{\pm}115.38mg/100g$. L-proline content was the highest ($744.30{\pm}119.06mg/100g$) in BJJ. BJJ extract inhibits reactive oxygen species production in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Also, BJJ extract exhibits a protective effect on oxidative stress in $H_2O_2$-induced human dermal fibroblast. These results indicate that BJJ comprises various valuable nutrients which can be used as functional food ingredients.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2009

This study aims to verify for humans the suitability of the enzyme-fixed hydrogel used for the patch sensor of the blood sugar testing system without blood sampling, which utilizes reverse iontophoresis. Using acrylate monomers, hydrogel was synthesized to which a certain unit of enzyme is fixed. In order to analyze the material property of the synthesized hydrogel, a structural analysis was performed using FT-IR spectroscopy, while the DSC was used to verify the thermal stability. In addition, with the UV-Vis spectrophotometer, it was verified that the degree of active enzyme is at least 50% greater than the standard product. The SEM was used to verify secure fixation of the enzyme onto the surface. As a result, it was observed that the enzyme is successfully fixed to the surface. Since the hydrogel makes direct contact with a patient's skin, it is essential to evaluate the toxicity when making direct contact with the skin. For that purpose, various sets of tests were undertaken according to the ISO 10993-cytotoxicity, intracutaneous reactivity, skin irritation test and maximization sensitization. Consequently, it was successfully verified that the enzyme-fixed hydrogel have bioavailability.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.616-624
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• 2010

We compared the physicochemical properties of, and volatile components in various commercial fruit vinegars (made from apples, grapes, and persimmons). Total acidity was highest in grape vinegars. Significant between-sample differences were evident in total and reducing sugar contents. Brownness, turbidity, and overall color difference (the ${\Delta}E$ value) were highest in persimmon vinegars. Free sugars were composed mainly of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose. Major organic acids were present in the (descending abundance) order acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, and succinic acid, among-samples difference were negligible. Nine-essential free amino acids were detected in nine types of grape and persimmon vinegars, and in six varieties of apple vinegar. Among 17 types of volatile compounds identified in apple vinegars, 12 in grape vinegars, and 33 in persimmon vinegars, the main volatile components were acetic acid, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isovaleric acid, isoamyl alcohol, propanoic acid and phenethyl acetate. Volatile chemicals in commercial fruit vinegars were effectively analyzed using a SAW e-nose.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.455-463
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• 2017

In this study, the biological activities and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from Gloiopeltis furcata were investigated. Polysaccharides were isolated by enzymes treatment (celluclast, flavourzyme, papain, termamyl, viscozyme) followed by ethanol precipitation and lyophilization. The yield of polysaccharides by enzymes treatment group were 52.8-66.4%. The major constituents in viscozyme treatment group were total sugar (71.04%), protein (7.22%), uronic acid (23.18 g/100 g), and sulfate (28.27%), respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant potential of the viscozyme treatment group at 5 mg/mL were 23.10% and $218.50{\mu}M$, respectively. The protective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity in L132 cell of viscozyme treatment group at $1{\mu}g/mL$ was 85.64%. The viscozyme treatment group increased the production of nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner. The antitumor activity of viscozyme treatment group (at $25{\mu}g/mL$) in A549, HeLa, SNU719 and MCF7 was 69.57%, 52.74%, 61.06% and 68.64%, respectively. All of data showed that the biological activities and chemical characteristics of enzymes treatment group are higher than that of the control group. The polysaccharides isolated from Gloiopeltis furcata investigated herein are useful as functional materials agents.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.69-82
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• 2021

This study targeted 4,572 middle-aged women to examine the relationship between nutritional status and dietary inflammatory index according to blood glucose level using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Data were analyzed using complex survey chi-square, General Linear Model and logisitc regression in SPSS Win 25.0 program. Women with high blood glucose (normal blood sugar→diabetes) had high rates of obesity and blood TG/HDL-cholesterol ratio. On the other hand, the Mean Adequacy Ratio (10 nutrients) and the intake of anti-inflammatory foods: beans, seeds, mushrooms, and fruits, were lower in the diabetic category. When we analysed the association between blood glucose and the Dietary Inflammatory Index, the risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes was significantly higher in the most pro-inflammatory diet category (Q5) compared to the most anti-inflammatory diet category (Q1). These findings suggest that nutritional education emphasizing the intake of various foods should be effectively conducted effectively in order to improve blood glucose among middle-aged women.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2019

We designed a system that can automatically collect, convey, and control cool air of $15^{\circ}C-20^{\circ}C$ containing carbon dioxide from a mushroom cultivation house to a strawberry plastic house. We recorded the temperature at various positions from July to August 2017. The average temperature of the green house during day and at night was maintained at $33^{\circ}C$ and $26^{\circ}C$, respectively. In the moveable three-tier cylindrical bed, the average temperature around root was maintained at $26^{\circ}C$ and $21^{\circ}C$ during day and at night, respectively. On the high-bench in the green house, the temperature was maintained at $32^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ during day and at night, respectively. The carbon dioxide concentration was maintained around 800-1,600 ppm in the mushroom cultivation system and 400-800 ppm in the strawberry plastic house. The growth characteristics of the strawberry treated with moveable three-tier cylindrical bed were significantly different from those of the untreated high-bench bed. In addition, during the summer season, moveable three-tier cylindrical bed showed more tendency to increase in normal fruit number (NFN) and to decrease in defective fruit number (DFN) compare to the high-bench bed. Therefore, the moveable three-tier cylindrical bed showed a tendency to be more than 2 times higher yields than that of the high-bench bed. It was confirmed that ever-bearing strawberry cultivars could be cultivated in green house due to the cool air supply from the mushroom cultivation system in the summer season.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2019

In this study, we examined the immunostimulating characteristics of a hot water extract (RCW) and crude polysaccharides (RCP) of red cabbage. RCW and RCP did not show any cytotoxicity in B16BL6 cells and macrophages. Although the sugar compositions of RCW and RCP were similar, the uronic acid content of RCP was higher than that of RCW RCP significantly increased the production of various cytokines and NO, whereas RCW did not affect the production of cytokines and NO. In an ex vivo assay of natural killer (NK) cell activity, intravenous (i.v.) administration of RCP significantly augmented NK cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells at 3 days after RCP treatment. In an experimental lung metastasis model using B16BL6 melanoma cells, i.v. administration of RCP at a dose of $1,000{\mu}g$ per mouse significantly inhibited 47.3% of lung metastasis. These results suggest that crude polysaccharide isolated from red cabbage is a promising food ingredient for the prevention of tumor metastasis.