• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.711-718
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• 2011

얼굴인식과 같이 클래스의 수가 변하는 분류 문제에는 학습이 필요하지 않은 k-최근접이웃 분류기가 적합하다. 최근 학습 데이터의 분포를 반영하여 거리 척도를 학습하는 방법은 k 최근접이웃 분류기의 획기적 성능향상을 보고하였다. 거리척도학습 방법은 적용 분야에 따라 성능 개선 정도가 다르다. 본 논문에서는 얼굴인식에 대하여 주요 거리척도학습 방법의 성능을 비교한다. 공개 얼굴 데이터베이스에 대한 실험 결과는 성능 및 계산시간 측면에서 주성분 분석 기반의 마하라노비스 거리척도가 얼굴인식 문제에서는 여전히 좋은 선택이 될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to the Pre-Post maximal exercise for analyze the Physiological Variable(Lactate, LDH, Glucose) in the runners. The subjects were 12 volunteers 6 sprinters and 6 distance runners who agreed to intention of this study. Subjects performed until possible all-out trials. Blood samples were taken from a median cubital vein Pre-Post exercise and every rest 5min during the all-out trial. The results obtained were summarized as follow ; 1) Lactate of Pre-Post exercise in treadmill test showed no significant difference between sprinters and distance runners, but showed significant in sprinters and distance respectively 2) LDH of Pre-Post exercise in treadmill test showed no significant difference between sprinters and distance runners, and that showed no significant in sprinters and distance respectively 3) Glucose of Pre-Post exercise in treadmill test showed no significant difference between sprinters and distance runners, and showed no significant in distance, but showed significant in sprinters therefor, since the runners has an intermittent characteristic which includes a frequent momentary change, it needs the fitness training that being consisted of various training, in the training method, it needs the training process which is from the whole fitness to specific fitness to improve general physical ability.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis on the factors that determine the distance at the time of target swing based on the use of late hitting of outstanding college golfers to verify the difference between late hitting and the distance that target increases in regular swing and the distance. Then, this research conducts an analysis on the correlation between club head velocity, ball velocity, launch angle, back spin, meet ratio and distance that become kinematics variables at the time of target swing. To attain the above mentioned purpose, 25 outstanding college players with average experience and handicap of 6 years and 5, respectively, were targeted Comparative analysis on two swing that target increase in regular and the distance was conducted by used driver. When it pertained to two types of swing. analysis system comprised of an analytical software called the Science Eye of the Bridgestone and peripheries was used to define the relationship between variables of club head velocity, ball velocity, launch angle, back spin, meet ratio that become kinematics variables. As for the method of processing data pertaining to the factors that determine the distance, differences of distance by the type of swing was verified by using independent T-test that leveraged SPSS 120 statistics program. Moreover, level of correlation between variables that contribute to the increase in distance through relation of correlation, and analysis of tendencies was conducted to analyze tendency of non-distance to increase in accordance to the increase of each variable. Key results produced through this experiment are as follows: 1. Artificial late hitting for increased non-distance that targets skilled players had effect on increased the distance(p<. 05). 2 The drive distance is correlated with each measured variable that is positive correlation to ball velocity, club head velocity, meet ratio and relation of back spin and launch angle are negative correlation. ball velocity and club head velocity are very high correlated with drive distance(p<.01), back spin and distance are negative correlation(p<.01). 3. Among each measured variable increasing the club velocity is the most contribution, and ball velocity and meet ratio and the increasing launch angle and back spin is negative effect for increasing distance.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2003

In this paper, we reconsider the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff distance as a split criterion for binary decision trees and suggest an algorithm to obtain the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff distance more efficiently when the input variable have more than three categories. The Kolmogorov-Smirnoff distance is shown to have the property of exclusive preference. Empirical results, comparing the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff distance to the Gini index, show that the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff distance grows more accurate trees in terms of misclassification rate.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.387-397
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• 2003

Generally, most of researches that need a variable-clustering process use an exploratory factor analysis technique or a divisive hierarchical variable-clustering method based on a correlation matrix. And some researchers apply a object-clustering method to a distance matrix transformed from a correlation matrix, though this approach is known to be improper. On this paper an agglomerative hierarchical variable-clustering method based on a correlation matrix itself is suggested. It is derived from a geometric concept by using variate-spaces and a characterizing variate.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.822-825
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• 2004

Continuously variable transmission (CVT) mechanisms considered here is a V-belt drive with two variable-diameter pulleys and effective diameters. One pulley was set by a mechanical link while the other was spring-loaded to provide automatic correspondence. The center distance between the two variable-diameter pulleys was fixed. Experimental studies were executed to analyze efficiencies as change of its speed ratio.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.70-79
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• 2006

many plumbing system are needed in the ceiling of the building as it becomes advanced more and more. This leads to make effective space between ceiling level and slab less. Also, piping system is not suitably arranged and operated if it is bent around the columns which they are a lot. But this system can be more effective if it passes through the columns directly. Most people think that those columns should not be damaged with such as holes. But actually this is existed in a hotel building in switzerland. This study is to fing out how much capacity the columns become damaged and low using model size of $20cm{\times}30cm$ rectangular section, and 160cm long, in the structural test. it's compressive strength is focused on $240kg/cm^{2}$ design strength, commonly used in korea. Compressive test for them was done at Hanyang University using UTM one thousand tone(1000t) capacity. Variable numbers for the study are one hole of dia 3cm with distance 20cm or 40cm, two holes of dia 3cm with 20cm and 40cm distance, one hole of dia 5cm with distance 20cm and 40cm, two holes of dia 5cm with 20cm and 40cm distance, me eccentric hole with 20cm and 40cm distance, Normal(without hole). two test specimens of each variable are made for the test. ED5H20 capacity was 16.7% decreased, compared to normal one. While ED5H40 distant 40cm from the end of column top showed 19.5% capacity decrease, compared to normal one. Strain of ED5H20 diameter 5cm, in distance of 20cm form the top of the column was less 5% than the one of diameter 3cm. Finally, conclusions are that in case of hole diameter 3cm, located at 20cm from the end of the column top, capacity was decreased down to 3, percent only compared to the same diameter hole with 20cm distant from the end of it.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2014

Purpose - The goals of this study are the following. First, this study focused on customer satisfaction of in-flight service. Specifically, in-flight duty free items were considered because of their potential value related with the differentiated strategy of airline companies. Second, this study analyzed feasible strategies that would fence off the aversive attitudes of consumers toward innovation regarding in-flight duty free items. Third, this study strived to discover implicit routes related with the reactions of of consumers to innovation. Fourth, the construal level theory was applied to the context of in-flight service. Psychological distance is expected to promote acceptance of innovation for duty free items. Research design, data, and methodology - This study consisted of three experiments. All data were collected through the participation of university students. First, the experiment employed a 2×2 between-subject design. The first independent variable was temporal distance (long vs. short of navigation time). The second independent variable was innovativeness (innovative duty free items vs. typical items). Further, experiment 2 involved a 2×2 between-subject design. The first independent variable was social distance (typical vs. atypical stewardess image). The second was innovativeness that was based on a pattern similar to that of the prior experiment. The third experiment involved a 2×2×2 design. The first and second independent variables were temporal distance and item innovation, respectively, based on the method of experiment 1. The third independent variable was cognitive depletion (depletion vs. control condition). Results - Experiment 1 demonstrated that the innovation of duty free items would need to consider the journey time of the airline. Specifically, innovative items were preferred in case of a long journey; typical items, however, were liked in a short journey. Further, experiment 2 demonstrated that, in spite of a short journey, innovative items would be preferred if an atypical stewardess was serving. An atypical stewardess was linked with social distance, and the psychological effects would activate a creative and flexible mindset that would fit with innovative duty free items. The final experiment was accomplished for the examination of cognitive processing of psychological distance on innovation-acceptance. Specifically, if the effects were related with systematic processing, then cognitive effort would be needed. In contrast, if they were related with heuristic processing, then such efforts would not be required. The same pattern appeared under both cognitive depletion and control condition; therefore, the effects of psychological distance were implied to be heuristic processing. Conclusions - Managers need to consider the navigation time, stewardess concepts, and depletion of consumers as important factors for innovative strategy regarding in-flight service. Longer journeys are more successful for innovative trials. Further, a more atypical stewardess image is more successful for atypical service. Long navigation and unfamiliar stewardesses may activate creative and flexible thinking. Further, cognitive depletion of consumers is not a dominant factor of psychological distance effects, because the effects are not related with systematic processing, but with heuristic processing.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2023

In this paper, we analyzed the transformation of the power following by the angle of incidence of the solar, the angle of photovoltaic module and artificial solar changed from 30° to 90° and synchronously changed the distance from 0.1 m to 0.5 m. Setting the distance between the artificial solar and the luminometer from 0.1 m to 0.5 m and set the angles to 90°, 60°, 45°, and 30°, the angle was 90° and when the distance was 0.1 m, the maximum Illuminance was 19,580 lux, the light could be obtained more. If the angle of incidence between the Artificial solar and the photovoltaic module was 90° and the variable resistance was 1,000 Ω at a distance of 0.4 m, the maximum power reached 0.82 W. Provided that the angle of incidence between the artificial solar and the photovoltaic module was 90° and the distance was 0.2 m since the variable resistance had the maximum power of 500 Ω, the maximum power was 0.78 W. At 1,000 Ω, the maximum power is 0.80 W so the maximum power at the variable resistance 1,000 Ω could obtain higher power than the variable resistance 500 Ω. The variable resistance was 1,000 Ω and the angle of incidence between the Artificial solar and the photovoltaic module was 90° at a distance of 0.4 m, and the maximum power reached 0.82 W. The angle was 60° at 0.3 m and 0.4 m the maximum power reached 0.10 W. The angle was 45° at 0.2 m maximum power reached 0.020 W, the angle was 30° at 0.4 m, and the maximum power reached 0.004 W. In four results about maximum power depending on the angle of incidence between the artificial solar and the photovoltaic module, the luminous efficiency and maximum power can be got the best at an angle of 90°.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2004

In classification and discrimination, we often face with incomplete group variable arising typically from many missing values and/or incredible cases. This paper suggests the use of K-means clustering for pre-adjusting incompleteness and in turn classification based on generalized statistical distance is performed. For illustrating the proposed procedure, simulation study is conducted comparatively with CART in data mining and traditional techniques which are ignoring incompleteness of group variable. Simulation study manifests that our methodology out-performs.