• 제목/요약/키워드: van Kampen diagram

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SIMPLE LOOPS ON 2-BRIDGE SPHERES IN HECKOID ORBIFOLDS FOR THE TRIVIAL KNOT

  • Lee, Donghi;Sakuma, Makoto
    • East Asian mathematical journal
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.717-728
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for an essential simple loop on a 2-bridge sphere in an even Heckoid orbifold for the trivial knot to be null-homotopic, peripheral or torsion in the orbifold. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for two essential simple loops on a 2-bridge sphere in an even Heckoid orbifold for the trivial knot to be homotopic in the orbifold.