• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.3093-3099
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• 2013

Background: Phytic acid (PA) is a polyphosphorylated carbohydrate that can be found in high amounts in most cereals, legumes, nut oil, seeds and soy beans. It has been suggested to play a significant role in inhibition of colorectal cancer. This study was conducted to investigate expression changes of ${\beta}$-catenin and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cell proliferation in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence after treatment with rice bran PA by immunocytochemistry. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 equal groups with 12 rats in each group. For cancer induction two intraperitoneal injections of azoxymethane (AOM) were given at 15 mg/kg bodyweight over a 2-weeks period. During the post initiation phase, two different concentrations of PA, 0.2% (w/v) and 0.5% (w/v) were administered in the diet. Results: Results of ${\beta}$-catenin, COX-2 expressions and cell proliferation of Ki-67 showed a significant contribution in colonic cancer progression. For ${\beta}$-catenin and COX-2 expression, there was a significant difference between groups at p<0.05. With Ki-67, there was a statistically significant lowering the proliferating index as compared to AOM alone (p<0.05). A significant positive correlation (p=0.01) was noted between COX-2 expression and proliferation. Total ${\beta}$-catenin also demonstrated a significant positive linear relationship with total COX-2 (p=0.044). Conclusions: This study indicated potential value of PA extracted from rice bran in reducing colonic cancer risk in rats.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.545-556
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• 2014

Internet of Things (IoT), one of the emerging research areas, is the computing paradigm where various things connect to the network and cooperate with their neighbors to reach common goals. Computing with IoT devices opens up a new array of opportunities for providing value-added smart services and applications to end users. That is, IoT devices play an important role of providing useful services to the users. However, the states of IoT devices are dynamically changed at runtime, which come from their mobility, network connectivity, and a battery drain problem. This dynamism results in difficulties in managing these IoT devices. In this paper, we propose a framework to manage those IoT devices with dynamism. Hence, we first derive issues from IoT devices' dynamism. And, we define a set of requirements to manage the IoT devices and present a framework to manage the device dynamism. The framework is equipped by a device discovery method, a device status monitoring method, a device selection and connection method, and a device replacement method. Finally, we verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the framework through experiments.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.437-442
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• 2005

Objectives : DNA methylation is one of the best characterized epigenetic mechanisms that play a regulatory role in genome programming and imprinting during embryogenesis. In this present study, we investigated the association between DNA methylation in the human placenta and the maternal folate and homocysteine concentrations on the Methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase (MTHFR) genetic polymorphism during pregnancy. Methods : We investigated 107 pregnant women who visited Ewha Woman's University Hospital for prenatal care during their $24{\sim}28$ weeks-period of gestation. During the second trimester, we measured the serum homocysteine and folate concentrations . The MTHFR 677 genetic polymorphism was determine by performing PCR-RFLP assay. The expression of DNA methylation in the human placentas was estimated by using immunohistochemistry method. Results : Serum folate was negatively correlated with the serum homocysteine concentration for all the MTHFR genotypes. We found positive correlation between the folate concentrations and the DNA methylation in the human placenta (p<0.05). An increasing concentration of homocysteine was associated with reduced DNA methylation in the human placenta. The coefficient value was -2.03 (-3.77, -0.29) on the regression model (p<0.05). Conclusion : These findings suggest that the maternal folate and homocysteine levels along with the MTHFR 677 genetic polymorphism during pregnancy affect the DNA methylation in the human placenta.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.567-575
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• 2017

Location-based services play an important role in many applications such as disaster warning systems and recommendation systems. These applications often require not only location information (e.g., name, latitude, longitude, etc.) but also the impact of events (e.g., earthquake, typhoon, etc.) on locations. Recently, to provide the impact of an event on a location, how to calculate location trustiness by using multimodal information such as earthquake information and disaster sensor data is researched. In the previous approach, the linear decrement of impact value of an event is applied to obtain the location trustiness of a specific location. In this paper, we propose a new approach to enrich location trustiness, that is, the impact of an event on a location, by using social media information additionally. Firstly, we design a collecting system for earthquake information and social media data. Secondly, we present an approach of location trustiness calculation based on earthquake information. Finally, we propose a new approach to enrich location trustiness by augmenting the trustiness in spatially distributed manner based on social media.

• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.184-194
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• 2015

A compressive description of tropical milky white mushroom (Calocybe indica P&C var. APK2) is provided in this review. This mushroom variety was first identified in the eastern Indian state of West Bengal and can be cultivated on a wide variety of substrates, at a high temperature range ($30{\sim}38^{\circ}C$). However, no commercial cultivation was made until 1998. Krishnamoorthy 1997 rediscovered the fungus from Tamil Nadu, India and standardized the commercial production techniques for the first time in the world. This edible mushroom has a long shelf life (5~7 days) compared to other commercially available counterparts. A comprehensive and critical review on physiological and nutritional requirements viz., pH, temperature, carbon to nitrogen ratio, best carbon source, best nitrogen source, growth period, growth promoters for mycelia biomass production; substrate preparation; spawn inoculation; different supplementation and casing requirements to increase the yield of mushrooms has been outlined. Innovative and inexpensive methods developed to commercially cultivate milky white mushrooms on different lignocellulosic biomass is also described in this review. The composition profiles of milky white mushroom, its mineral contents and non-enzymatic antioxidants are provided in comparison with button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Antioxidant assay results using methanol extract of milky white mushroom has been provided along with the information about the compounds that are responsible for flavor profile both in fresh and dry mushrooms. Milky white mushroom extracts are known to have anti-hyperglycemic effect and anti-lipid peroxidation effect. The advantage of growing at elevated temperature creates newer avenues to explore milky white mushroom cultivation economically around the world, especially, in humid tropical and sub-tropical zones. Because of its incomparable productivity and shelf life to any other cultivated mushrooms in the world, milky white mushroom could play an important role in satisfying the growing market demands for edible mushrooms in the near future.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.30.2-30.2
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• 2010

It is a mistaken impression that the midlatitude ionosphere was a very stable region with well-known morphology and physical mechanism. However, the large disturbances of midlatitude ionospheric contents in response to global thermospheric changes during geomagnetic storms are reported in recent studies using global GPS TEC map and space-born thermospheric UV images, and its importance get higher with the increasing application areas of space navigation systems and radio communication which are mostly used in the midlatitudes. Positive and negative storm phases are used to describe increase and decrease of ionospheric electron density. Negative storms result generally from the enhanced loss rate of electron density according to the neutral composition changes which are initiated by Joule heating in high-latitudes during geomagnetic storms. In contrast, positive ionospheric storms have not been well understood because of rare measurements to explain the mechanisms. The large enhancements of ground-based GPS TEC in Korea were observed on 8 and 10 November 2004. The positive ionospheric storm was continued except for dawn on 8 November, and its maximum value is ~65 TECU of ~3 times compared with the monthly mean TEC values. The other positive phase on 10 November begin to occur in day sector and lasted for more than 6 hours. The O/N2 ratios from GUVI/TIMED satellite show ~1.2 in northern hemisphere and ~0.3 in southern hemisphere of the northeast Asian sector on 8 and 10 November. We suggest the asymmetric features of O/N2 ratios in the Northeast Asian sector may play an important role in the measured GPS TEC enhancements in Korea because global thermospheric wind circulation can globally change the chemical composition during geomagnetic storms.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 2008

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has become a severe problem on tomato in Korea and no effective control measures are available yet. Pseudomonas species play key roles for the biocontrol of many plant diseases especially in soil. A rhizobacterial population of 150 Pseudomonas strains, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of various plants grown at different sites, was screened for 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol producing gene (PhlD) by PCR. Two strains (P83 and P84) among them were found to be phlD positive. When the isolates were analysed by 16S rDNA (Sensu Stricto), all isolates yielded amplified products of 1,018bp. Of the 150 isolates of Pseudomonas spp., a bacterial strain P. putida P84 isolated from tomato rhizosphere showed to suppress a wide range of phytopathogenic bacteria in vitro. The best source of carbon for P84 strain were glucose, arabinose, inositol and melibiose. In greenhouse experiments, P84 strain suppressed the development of bacterial wilt in tomato with a control value of 60%.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 1997

Phytase(myo-inositol hexkisphosphate phosphohydrolase ; EC 3.1.3.8) was purified from the mucoas of rat intestinal. The molecular weight of enzyme was determined to be 160kDa by sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. Analysis of the purified enzyme o SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) showen that it was composed of two different subunits and the molecular weight of its subunit was found to be 70kDa and 90kDa respectively, indicating that this enzyme is hetrodimer. The enzyme activities were activated in the presence of $ MgCl_{2}$, but inhibited by $ZnCl_{2}$, $MnCl_{2}$, and EDTA. The substrates tested, phytase showed the highest affinity for the enzyme at the physiological ph. The Km value for phytic acid(inositol-hexakisphosphate)was 0.31 mM at pH 7.4. rat intestinal mucosa phytase seems to play an important in the metabolism of inositol.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.238-244
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• 2021

Objectives: Previous pandemics have demonstrated that several demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic factors may play a role in increased infection risk. During this current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, our aim was to examine the association of timing of lockdown at the county level and aforementioned risk factors with daily case rate (DCR) in the United States. Methods: A cross-sectional study using publicly available data was performed including Americans with COVID-19 infection as of May 24, 2020. The United States counties with >100 000 population and >50 cases per 100 000 people were included. The independent variable was the days required from the declaration of lockdown to reach the target case rate (50/100 000 cases) while the dependent (outcome) variable was the DCR per 100 000 on the day of statistical calculation (May 24, 2020) after adjusting for multiple confounding socio-demographic, geographic, and health-related factors. Each independent factor was correlated with outcome variables and assessed for collinearity with each other. Subsequently, all factors with significant association to the outcome variable were included in multiple linear regression models using stepwise method. Models with best R² value from the multiple regression were chosen. Results: The timing of mandated lockdown order had the most significant association on the DCR per 100 000 after adjusting for multiple socio-demographic, geographic and health-related factors. Additional factors with significant association with increased DCR include rate of uninsured and unemployment. Conclusions: The timing of lockdown order was significantly associated with the spread of COVID-19 at the county level in the United States.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.49
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• pp.171-208
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• 2013

Site-specific performance is always the real on-site work taking place at the site. Hence, it deals with the reality, in other words, the time of creation and formation. And it creates value and meaning through the interaction and continuous direct communication process between the performers, audience and the local residents. In this performance, the audience's status as the passive observer changes. They become the co-agent who actively lead and complete the performance through their own experience. We have examined the The Working Methods of Site-specific Performance and Aesthetics of Effect through four Korean performances ; Marie, An aesthetic experiment of site as the storyteller; Heterotopia and Urban Movement Research or Play: We Will Move Your Sofa, as performances which have Revealed history, politics, institution engraved in the site ; A Song of Mandala and Miracle, as a ritualistic site-specific performance at the historic site. Some remarks on Site-specific performance ; First, In Site-specific performance, the habitus peculiar to the stage art and the mode of reception are changed. Second, a new mode of theatrical communication requires creator and audience to have a sharp aesthetic sensibility and to change one's perceptual habit. Third, Site-specific performance can act as a demonstration for the viewpoints of political activism through what could be called a dramatic close-up effect. Fourth, Site-specific performance also has the risk of merely becoming an unfocused and scattered performance or degenerating into a pseudo-sightseeing. To avoid this, an in-depth study of the site and its socio-cultural context, and the clear motivation with which one is trying to reveal and tell from the site must be indispensable. As the co-agent, the audience should also be aware and think about what the given performance signifies today.