• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제45회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.277.1-277.1
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• 2013

Molecular diagnostics consists of three processes, which are a sample pretreatment, a nucleic acid amplification, and an amplicon detection. Among three components, sample pretreatment is an important process in that it can increase the limit of detection by purifying nucleic acid in biological sample from contaminants that may interfere with the downstream genetic analysis such as nucleic acid amplification and detection. To achieve point-of-care virus detection system, the sample pretreatment process needs to be simple, rapid, and automatic. However, the commercial RNA extraction kits such as Rneasy (Qiagen) or MagnaPure (Roche) kit are highly labor-intensive and time-consuming due to numerous manual steps, and so it is not adequate for the on-site sample preparation. Herein, we have developed a rotary microfluidic system to extract and purify the RNA without necessity of external mechanical syringe pumps to allow flow control using microfluidic technology. We designed three reservoirs for sample, washing buffer, and elution buffer which were connected with different dimensional microfluidic channels. By controlling RPM, we could dispense a RNA sample solution, a washing buffer, and an elution buffer successively, so that the RNA was captured in the sol-gel solid phase, purified, and eluted in the downstream. Such a novel rotary sample preparation system eliminates some complicated hardwares and human intervention providing the opportunity to construct a fully integrated genetic analysis microsystem.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 1997

토하젓의 원료인 새뱅이를 물, 에테르, 아세톤, 메탄올을 이용하여 순차적으로 추출한 다음 인체 및 식품에 유해작용을 하는 9종의 세균을 대상으로 항균성 시험을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 진공동결건조한 새뱅이 분말의 용매추출 구간별 수율은 물추출구 52.0%, 에테르추출구 7.4%, 아세톤추출구 1.0%, 메탄올추출구 0.8%였다. 새뱅이의 용매추출구간별 항균성 검색 결과 시료 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/disk에 대하여 에테르추출구 8~12mm, 아세톤추출구 8~12mm, 메탄올추출구 7~9mm였으며 물 추출구는 항균성이 없었다. 새뱅이의 용매추출구간별 최저발육억제농도는 에테르추출구 250~5000$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$1, 아세톤추출구 125~500$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, 메탄올추출구 250~500$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ 였다. 새뱅이의 용매추출구간별 최저살균농도는 에테르추출구 2,500~10,000$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, 아세톤추출구 1,250~10,000$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$, 메탄올추출구 5,000~10,000$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.668-673
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• 2015

The pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has a desirable taste and flavor that differs from those of other fish and shellfish. In order to develop a high value-added product from individually quick-frozen oyster extract (IQFOE), we prepared an oyster sauce from IQFOE and characterized its volatile compounds using vacuum simultaneous steam distillationsolvent extraction / gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. The moisture, crude protein, crude ash, salinity, pH and volatile basic nitrogen contents of the oyster sauce were 60.6%, 8.2%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 5.7 and 21.0 mg/100 g, respectively. Seventy-six volatile compounds were detected in the cooked odor of the oyster sauce. These volatile compounds included 14 esters, including ethyl acetate, 13 nitrogen- containing compounds, including 2,4,6-trimethyl pyridine, 13 acids, including hexadecanoic acid, 12 alcohols, including ethyl alcohol and 6-methyl heptanol, 6 alkanes, 5 aldehydes, including benzaldehyde, 5 ketones, including 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 4 furans, including 2-furancarboxaldehyde and 2-furanmethanol, 3 aromatic compounds, including d-limonene, and 1 miscellaneous compound. Esters, acids and nitrogen-containing compounds, and alcohols were the most abundant compounds in the odor of the cooked oyster sauce, with some aldehydes, ketones, and furans.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1686-1692
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• 2012

개두릅 추출물의 항산화 활성을 증가시킬 수 있는 적정추출방법을 개발하기 위하여 상온교반, 초음파, 감압, 환류냉각, 환류냉각과 초음파 병행 추출법을 이용하여 추출한개두룹 추출물의 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. 추출수율은 환류냉각과 초음파 병행 추출물에서 높게 나타났다. 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드의 함량 또한 환류냉각과 초음파 병행추출물이 각각 153.43 mg GAE/g, 62.53 mg RE/g으로 높았으며, 모든 추출물은 항산화 실험에서 농도 증가에 비례하여 활성이 증가하였다. 환류냉각과 초음파 병행 추출물은 추출농도 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$에서 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거능(90.85%, 99.83%), 환원력(OD 0.95, 700 nm), 아질산염 소거능(55.46%), ferrous ion chelating 효과(45.12%)가 우수하거나 유사하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2012

This study was carried out to evaluate biological activities concerning extracts according to extraction methods from unripened fruit of Rubus coreanus Miq. The extraction methods were HWE (hot water extraction for 4 hr at $100^{\circ}C$), SFE (extraction for 3 hr at $40^{\circ}C$ under 300 bar, 100% of $CO_2$ fluid), USE (ultrasonification extraction for 4 hr at $50^{\circ}C$ with water), USE+HWE (hot water extraction for 2 hr at $100^{\circ}C$ after ultrasonification process for 2 hr), VE (vacuum extraction for 4 hr at $90^{\circ}C$ under 0.9 bar with water). VE extract showed the highest contents of total polyphenol ($178.78{\pm}3.79\;mg/g$) and total flavonoid ($40.93{\pm}0.68\;mg/g$). $IC_{50}$ values of DPPH radical scavenging activity, linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition activity and LDL (low density lipoprotein) oxidation inhibition activity of HWE extract showed the lowest $35.39{\pm}0.25{\mu}g/mL$, $12.61{\pm}0.31{\mu}g/mL$ and $1.31{\pm}0.02{\mu}g/mL$ among other all extracts, respectively. $IC_{50}$ values of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of VE and HWE extracts showed lower $14.34{\pm}0.20{\mu}g/mL$ and $15.83{\pm}0.20{\mu}g/mL$ than those of other extracts, respectively. Specifically, HWE and VE extracts have relatively better biological activities than other extracts; these could be potentially used as a bioactive source for health functional foods.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was to evaluate the pharmacological effect of Korea Red Ginseng aqueous extract (KRGE) on serum-deprived apoptosis of neuronal-like pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and to investigate its underlying action mechanism. Methods : KRGE was prepared by extracting Korea Red Ginseng with hot water and concentrating using a vacuum evaporator. Cell viability was determined after incubation of cells with KRGE or chemical inhibitor in serum-deprived medium for 60 h by counting intact nuclei following lysing of the cell membrane. Caspase activities were measured using chromogenic substrates and signal-associated protein phosphorylation and cytochrome c release were determined by Western blot analyses using their specific antibodies. Results : Serum deprivation induced PC12 cell death, which was accompanied by typical morphological features of apoptotic cell, such as nuclear fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, and cytochrome c release. This apoptotic cell death was significantly inhibited by KRGE and caspase-3 inhibitor, but not by the addition of NMA, ODQ, and PD98059. KRGE promoted phosphorylation of Akt and Bad, and this phosphorylation was inhibited by the PI3K inhibitor LY92004. In addition, this inhibitor also reversed KRGE-mediated protection of PC 12 cells from serum deprivation. These results suggested that KRGE protects PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis through the activation of PI3K/Akt-dependent Bad phosphorylation and cytochrome c release, resulting in caspase-3 activation. Conclusions : KRGE should be considered as a potential therapeutic drug for brain diseases including stroke induced by apoptosis of neuronal cells.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.808-811
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• 2001

자색고구마로부터 anthocyanin색소를 대규모로 추출 및 농축하여 색소의 추출효과 및 색소액의 품질을 조사하였다. 자색고구마 원료 50 kg에 1% citric acid를 함유한 20% ethanol용액 500 L를 가하여 추출하였으며, bag filter와 pore size $1{\mu}m$인 microfilter를 이용하여 2단계로 여과한 후 $40^{\circ}C$, 진공도 600 mmHg에서 감압농축하였다. 전반적으로 대규모 추출시의 색소의 추출양상은 실험실규모의 소규모 추출의 경우와 유사하였다. 추출된 색소액의 TOD는 6.53이었으며, 농축액의 TOD는 120.45으로 18.45배 농축되었다. 색소추출액의 BI와 DI는 각각 5.86, 1.55이었으며 농축액의 BI와 DI는 각각 5.89, 1.56으로 농축과정 중에 색소의 변색이나 변질이 없었다. 색소추출액의 pH는 2.9이었으며 농축액의 pH는 2.5로 감소하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.237.1-237.1
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• 2014

Etching is one of the most important steps in semiconductor manufacturing. In etch process control a critical task is to stop the etch process when the layer to be etched has been removed. If the etch process is allowed to continue beyond this time, the material gets over-etched and the lower layer is partially removed. On the other hand if the etch process is stopped too early, part of the layer to be etched still remains, called under-etched. Endpoint detection (EPD) is used to detect the most accurate time to stop the etch process in order to avoid over or under etch. The goal of this research is to develop a hardware and software system for EPD. The hardware consists of an Optical Plasma Monitor (OPM) sensor which is used to continuously monitor the plasma optical emission intensity during the etch process. The OPM software was developed to acquire and analyze the data to perform EPD. Our EPD algorithm is based on the following theory. As the etch process starts the plasma generated in the vacuum is added with the by-products from the etch reactions on the layer being etched. As the endpoint reaches and the layer gets completely removed the plasma constituents change gradually changing the optical intensity of the plasma. Although the change in optical intensity is not apparent, the difference in the plasma constituents when the endpoint has reached leaves a unique signature in the data gathered. Though not detectable in time domain, this signature could be obscured in the frequency spectrum of the data. By filtering and analysis of the changes in the frequency spectrum before and after the endpoint we could extract this signature. In order to do that, first, the EPD algorithm converts the time series signal into frequency domain. Next the noise in the frequency spectrum is removed to look for the useful frequency constituents of the data. Once these useful frequencies have been selected, they are monitored continuously in time and using a sub-algorithm the endpoint is detected when significant changes are observed in those signals. The experiment consisted of three kinds of etch processes; ashing, SiO2 on Si etch and metal on Si etch to develop and evaluate the EPD system.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1053-1058
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• 1998

Volatile flavor compounds in salt fermented big eyed herring were analyzed by vacuum simultaneous distillation solvent extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/olfactometry and aroma extract dilution anlaysis. A total of 44 volatile compounds were detected by GC/O analysis. Of these, 23 were positively identified, and composed of aldehydes(7), esters(5), ketones(4), sulfur containing compounds (3), aromatic hydrocarbons(2), alcohol(1) and nitrogen containing compound(1). Predominant odorants (Log3FD$\geq$5) in sample were ethyl butanoate(bubble gum /sweet candy-like), 3 methylbutyl butanoate (almond /nutty), 1 octen 3 one(earthy/mushroom like), (E,E) 2,6 nonadienal(roasted wheat/grainy), dimethyl trisulfide(soy sauce /cooked cabbage like), 2 acetylpyrazine(nutty/baked potato like) and unidentified compound(RI=1867, seaweed like).

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.88-93
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• 1991

유지함유폐수를 생물학적으로 처리할 목적으로 폐수 및 토양으로부터 45종의 균을 분리 동정하여, 그 중에서 COD 제거율과 유지제거율이 우수한 LW-27균을 선발 동정하였다. 동정결과 LW-27 균은 Pseudomonas chlororapihis의 유연균으로 동정됐다. LW-27균의 제제화는 $45^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 진공건조하여 82%이상의 균 생존율을 얻어 제제화하였다. 제제된 LW27을 0.1g 매일 확성슬러지장치에 처리하면서 혼합폐수를 연속 처리한 결과 처리수의 COD, BOD 및 n-헥산 추출물질의 농도의 제거율이 평균 92.95, 94.%8 및 98%.0로 나타났다.