• Title/Summary/Keyword: users' density

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A Study on the Extraction of Living SOC Deficient Areas in Small and Medium Cities Using Big Data - Focused on Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do - (빅데이터를 활용한 중소도시의 생활SOC 결핍지역 추출 연구 - 전라북도 익산시를 중심으로 -)

  • Han, Da-Hyuck;Kim, Dong-Woo;Lee, Min-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to extract deficiency areas as basic data of policies and projects in the future Living SOC introduction and planning. In order to extract living SOC deficient areas, accessibility data for living SOC and density data for main users by facility were overlapped, focusing on the living SOC indicators presented in the National Urban Regeneration Basic Policy. According to the analysis of accessibility of the Iksan-si Living SOC, the gap between deficiency in urban and township areas was large in common with the accessibility of the village and local base units. As a result of overlapping life SOC accessibility data and density data analysis of the main users by facility, areas where accessibility is weak but not inhabited by the main users of each facility were extracted. It is meaningful that more accurate deficient areas can be extracted by simultaneously utilizing the density distribution of the main users, rather than simply accessing the facilities.

Probabilistic Forecasting of Seasonal Inflow to Reservoir (계절별 저수지 유입량의 확률예측)

  • Kang, Jaewon
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.22 no.8
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    • pp.965-977
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    • 2013
  • Reliable long-term streamflow forecasting is invaluable for water resource planning and management which allocates water supply according to the demand of water users. It is necessary to get probabilistic forecasts to establish risk-based reservoir operation policies. Probabilistic forecasts may be useful for the users who assess and manage risks according to decision-making responding forecasting results. Probabilistic forecasting of seasonal inflow to Andong dam is performed and assessed using selected predictors from sea surface temperature and 500 hPa geopotential height data. Categorical probability forecast by Piechota's method and logistic regression analysis, and probability forecast by conditional probability density function are used to forecast seasonal inflow. Kernel density function is used in categorical probability forecast by Piechota's method and probability forecast by conditional probability density function. The results of categorical probability forecasts are assessed by Brier skill score. The assessment reveals that the categorical probability forecasts are better than the reference forecasts. The results of forecasts using conditional probability density function are assessed by qualitative approach and transformed categorical probability forecasts. The assessment of the forecasts which are transformed to categorical probability forecasts shows that the results of the forecasts by conditional probability density function are much better than those of the forecasts by Piechota's method and logistic regression analysis except for winter season data.

Privacy-Preserving Estimation of Users' Density Distribution in Location-based Services through Geo-indistinguishability

  • Song, Seung Min;Kim, Jong Wook
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.27 no.12
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    • pp.161-169
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    • 2022
  • With the development of mobile devices and global positioning systems, various location-based services can be utilized, which collects user's location information and provides services based on it. In this process, there is a risk of personal sensitive information being exposed to the outside, and thus Geo-indistinguishability (Geo-Ind), which protect location privacy of LBS users by perturbing their true location, is widely used. However, owing to the data perturbation mechanism of Geo-Ind, it is hard to accurately obtain the density distribution of LBS users from the collection of perturbed location data. Thus, in this paper, we aim to develop a novel method which enables to effectively compute the user density distribution from perturbed location dataset collected under Geo-Ind. In particular, the proposed method leverages Expectation-Maximization(EM) algorithm to precisely estimate the density disribution of LBS users from perturbed location dataset. Experimental results on real world datasets show that our proposed method achieves significantly better performance than a baseline approach.

AN EFFICIENT DENSITY BASED ANT COLONY APPROACH ON WEB DOCUMENT CLUSTERING

  • M. REKA
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.41 no.6
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    • pp.1327-1339
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    • 2023
  • World Wide Web (WWW) use has been increasing recently due to users needing more information. Lately, there has been a growing trend in the document information available to end users through the internet. The web's document search process is essential to find relevant documents for user queries.As the number of general web pages increases, it becomes increasingly challenging for users to find records that are appropriate to their interests. However, using existing Document Information Retrieval (DIR) approaches is time-consuming for large document collections. To alleviate the problem, this novel presents Spatial Clustering Ranking Pattern (SCRP) based Density Ant Colony Information Retrieval (DACIR) for user queries based DIR. The proposed first stage is the Term Frequency Weight (TFW) technique to identify the query weightage-based frequency. Based on the weight score, they are grouped and ranked using the proposed Spatial Clustering Ranking Pattern (SCRP) technique. Finally, based on ranking, select the most relevant information retrieves the document using DACIR algorithm.The proposed method outperforms traditional information retrieval methods regarding the quality of returned objects while performing significantly better in run time.

The Precision Test Based on States of Bone Mineral Density (골밀도 상태에 따른 검사자의 재현성 평가)

  • Yoo, Jae-Sook;Kim, Eun-Hye;Kim, Ho-Seong;Shin, Sang-Ki;Cho, Si-Man
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: ISCD (International Society for Clinical Densitometry) requests that users perform mandatory Precision test to raise their quality even though there is no recommendation about patient selection for the test. Thus, we investigated the effect on precision test by measuring reproducibility of 3 bone density groups (normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis). Materials and Methods: 4 users performed precision test with 420 patients (age: $57.8{\pm}9.02$) for BMD in Asan Medical Center (JAN-2008 ~ JUN-2008). In first group (A), 4 users selected 30 patient respectively regardless of bone density condition and measured 2 part (L-spine, femur) in twice. In second group (B), 4 users measured bone density of 10 patients respectively in the same manner of first group (A) users but dividing patient into 3 stages (normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis). In third group (C), 2 users measured 30 patients respectively in the same manner of first group (A) users considering bone density condition. We used GE Lunar Prodigy Advance (Encore. V11.4) and analyzed the result by comparing %CV to LSC using precision tool from ISCD. Check back was done using SPSS. Results: In group A, the %CV calculated by 4 users (a, b, c, d) were 1.16, 1.01, 1.19, 0.65 g/$cm^2$ in L-spine and 0.69, 0.58, 0.97, 0.47 g/$cm^2$ in femur. In group B, the %CV calculated by 4 users (a, b, c, d) were 1.01, 1.19, 0.83, 1.37 g/$cm^2$ in L-spine and 1.03, 0.54, 0.69, 0.58 g/$cm^2$ in femur. When comparing results (group A, B), we found no considerable differences. In group C, the user_1's %CV of normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis were 1.26, 0.94, 0.94 g/$cm^2$ in L-spine and 0.94, 0.79, 1.01 g/$cm^2$ in femur. And the user_2's %CV were 0.97, 0.83, 0.72 g/$cm^2$ L-spine and 0.65, 0.65, 1.05 g/$cm^2$ in femur. When analyzing the result, we figured out that the difference of reproducibility was almost not found but the differences of two users' several result values have effect on total reproducibility. Conclusions: Precision test is a important factor of bone density follow up. When Machine and user's reproducibility is getting better, it’s useful in clinics because of low range of deviation. Users have to check machine's reproducibility before the test and keep the same mind doing BMD test for patient. In precision test, the difference of measured value is usually found for ROI change caused by patient position. In case of osteoporosis patient, there is difficult to make initial ROI accurately more than normal and osteopenia patient due to lack of bone recognition even though ROI is made automatically by computer software. However, initial ROI is very important and users have to make coherent ROI because we use ROI Copy function in a follow up. In this study, we performed precision test considering bone density condition and found LSC value was stayed within 3%. There was no considerable difference. Thus, patient selection could be done regardless of bone density condition.

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Analysis of Crowding by User′s Number - Case study of Dalsung and Jungang Park in Daegu city - (이용자 수에 다른 혼잡분석 - 대구시 달성, 중앙공원을 대상으로-)

  • 이현택
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.15-19
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    • 1990
  • This survey was carried to determine the crowd In the city parks on the basis of the crowding and using denSity. The using density was vary different by season and day, and the density was much higher in this experiment than in the case of the foreign countries. This survey shows a high correlation between the using density and crowd as the crowd level was more influenced by the increasing number of park - users in the case of low using density than the high using density. The possible using space per individual was around 10㎥ in the parks, which means a strong endurance of the surveying group to the massing space, in the saturated crowding value that the crowd was not significantly affected by the increasing number of users.

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Distributed Channel Allocation Using Kernel Density Estimation in Cognitive Radio Networks

  • Ahmed, M. Ejaz;Kim, Joo Seuk;Mao, Runkun;Song, Ju Bin;Li, Husheng
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.771-774
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    • 2012
  • Typical channel allocation algorithms for secondary users do not include processes to reduce the frequency of switching from one channel to another caused by random interruptions by primary users, which results in high packet drops and delays. In this letter, with the purpose of decreasing the number of switches made between channels, we propose a nonparametric channel allocation algorithm that uses robust kernel density estimation to effectively schedule idle channel resources. Experiment and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms both random and parametric channel allocation algorithms in terms of throughput and packet drops.

A Study on the Relationship Analysis Model between Visibility and Evacuation Time by User's Movement in the Lower Floor of General Hospital (종합병원 저층부에서의 이용자 이동에 따른 가시성과 피난 시간의 상관관계 분석 모델에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Gi Hyun;Kweon, Jihoon
    • Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to present an analysis model for finding the correlation between visibility and evacuation time as users move in the outpatient department of the general hospital. The spatial scope of the study was limited to the first floor and second floor which are used for the outpatient department. Traffic density in outpatient departments was surveyed on site. Based on the surveyed traffic density, the evacuation simulation model was established for calculating the escape route and evacuation time for an individual user. The traffic density of the outpatient department as per the evacuation time was also calculated. With using evacuation simulations, the flow of evacuees was calculated through the density of traffic over the time of evacuation. Visibility data were set in the simulation model for users' escape routes. A correlation analysis between the product of evacuation flow measure and visibility measure of the evacuation population and evacuation time was performed. The analysis result showed negative correlation within a specific distance range. This study presented an analysis model showing that the evacuation condition considering spatial visibility in the outpatient department of general hospital visibility was negatively related to the analyzed evacuation time at the design stage.

Density-Based Estimation of POI Boundaries Using Geo-Tagged Tweets (공간 태그된 트윗을 사용한 밀도 기반 관심지점 경계선 추정)

  • Shin, Won-Yong;Vu, Dung D.
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.453-459
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    • 2017
  • Users tend to check in and post their statuses in location-based social networks (LBSNs) to describe that their interests are related to a point-of-interest (POI). While previous studies on discovering area-of-interests (AOIs) were conducted mostly on the basis of density-based clustering methods with the collection of geo-tagged photos from LBSNs, we focus on estimating a POI boundary, which corresponds to only one cluster containing its POI center. Using geo-tagged tweets recorded from Twitter users, this paper introduces a density-based low-complexity two-phase method to estimate a POI boundary by finding a suitable radius reachable from the POI center. We estimate a boundary of the POI as the convex hull of selected geo-tags through our two-phase density-based estimation, where each phase proceeds with different sizes of radius increment. It is shown that our method outperforms the conventional density-based clustering method in terms of computational complexity.

Effects of Camping Recreation on Natural Environment in Mt. Chiak National Park (치악산도립공원에서의 양영행위가 자연환경에 미치는 영향)

  • 권영선;이경재
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.67-78
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    • 1987
  • This study was executed to measure the user\`s impact natural environment in National Park Campsite. Therefore, we choose Mt. Chiak National Park and the campsite in the district of Temple Ku-Ryong as a model of analysis, which is made by ecological approach, the number of the user has influence on the environment near the campsite. The result are as follows : 1. The more the number of users becomes, the more Na, Ca, Mg ion concentration and pH in the soil increase and the less K ion becomes. 2. Litter and humus depth, litter coverage, herb coverage, soil hardness, the surface of the ground layer and tree species numbers, density and coverage of lower layer shows a sensitive reaction to the number of the users. 3. The research shows that the tolerant trees against campsite impact are Lespedeza maximowiczii, Zanthoxylum schinifolium Staphylea bumalda, Smilax sieboldii, Quercus aliena, Euonymus oxyphyllus, Weigela subsessilis and Securinega suffruticosa, and the sensitive trees are Stephanandra incisa, Rubus trichocarpa, Rubus crataegifolius, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Styrax obassia, Acer palmatum, Lindera obtusiloba, Rhododendron suhlippenbachii, Rhus japonica and Callicarpa japonica. 4. The high density of the users made the simplication of a vegetation structure. So, as the number of the user increase the species showed severe heterogeniety between the heavy-use and nonuse site. 5. As considering the landscape management about campsite and surrounding area on the way of analysis of national landscape aspect and succession sere according to ecological aspect, it may be desirable that Pinus densiflora forest be conserved as Pinus densiflora landscape and mixed forest produce natural scenery with succession sere.

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