• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.252-263
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• 2012

The present study was performed to evaluate dietary behavior, food intake, and satisfaction with food-related life regarding the elderly residing in different regions of Korea. The survey was conducted on 631 individuals over 55 years old in either urban or rural areas. The survey was carried out using a questionnaire including dietary behavior, mini dietary assessment, and a food frequency questionnaire. The average age of the rural elderly was higher than that of the urban elderly whereas, education level and economic status were higher in the urban elderly compared to the rural elderly. The intake of dairy products, meats, instant foods, snacks, and the use of nutrient supplementation were significantly higher in the urban elderly than those of the rural elderly (p = 0.000). The intake of vegetables was significantly higher in the rural elderly (p = 0000). Furthermore, the rural elderly were more satisfied with food-related life and had better balanced diets than those of the urban elderly. Taken together, the results of this study revealed that customized nutritional management and education for adequate meals in different regions should be developed and provided in order to improve the quality of healthy living for the elderly.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.237-249
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate and to compare the health status of urban and rural elderly in Korea using the following factors: 1) the number of self-reported health problems 2) a self-rating score for health status 3) the number of diagnosed diseases 4) ADL, social health status by IADL and the psychological health status by Life Satisfaction scale developed by Wood and others. The study subjects were the elderly who lived in Pusan(N=150) as an urban area and Kyeungnam(N=300) province as a rural area. The study subjects were sampled at random and the data were collected by trained interviewers from Feb. 1 to Feb. 14, 1995. the data was analyzed in SPSS. The results can be summarized as follows : 1. According to the sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects, the urban elderly group was significantly higher in extended family groups and in practicing regular execise than the rural elderly: and the rural elderly group was higher in having spouses and occupations than the urban group. 2. Concerning health status, the numbers of self-reported health problems(eye problems, back pains, headaches, dental problems, arthritis) and number of diagnosed diseases(hypertension, heart problems, diabetes mellitus, neuralgia, arthritis) were significantly were higher higher in rural areas: the self - rating scores for health status and life satisfaction were higher urban areas. ADL and IADL were similar in both the rural and urban elderly. 3. The correlations were the following: Self-reported health problems and self-rating for health status were significantly correlated negatively(r=-.039, p=.000), but self-reported health problems and the number of diagnosed diseases were significantly positively correlated(r=0. 30, p=.000). IADL and health problems were negatively correlated(r=-0.16, p=.000), but IADL and ADL were significantly positively correlated (r=0.49, p=.000). Life satisfaction and self-rating scores for health status were significantly positively correlated(r=0.26, p=.000).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5608-5618
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• 2015

This study conducted a spatial characterization of the public space using the pattern language of Christopher Alexander. It is the place which the city offers the human various experience. Urban public space has played an important role in flourishing public life through history. It has been a place for communication, cultural events, commercial exchange recreation, etc. among people in the city. But today, various behavior in public space and public life are declined. One of the reason in neglecting the user's need when urban space are planned and managed. This study examined the role and types of urban public space through literature survey and found the reason for its decline. For this public space spatial characteristics and indicators by FGI(Focus Group Interview) derived through. After those, case study was examined Jongro in Seoul and analyzed the spatial characteristics of the urban public space in a pattern language. Consequently, this study presents suitable a space structure direction of the public space and do for rather abundant a city space furtherance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.104-113
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• 2008

The importance of the green space in urban area has been increasing. There are the increasing needs of creation and sustainable management of urban forest. In order to satisfy the need, it is necessary to set indicators for sustainable urban forest. With this regard, this study is to derive the indicators for evaluation of the urban forest through literature reviews, experts opinion, and field survey. The results of the study, the indicators consist of the ecological healthiness, socio-cultural function, and scenic beauty. The ecological healthiness includes stability and naturality (e.g. area, native species, connectivity etc.). The socio-cultural function contain improvement of living environment, stable emotion, community, and environmental education. The scenic beauty includes environmental-friendly facilities, maintenance of urban forest. The indicators have high feasibility to create and manage the urban forest through evaluating urban forest in practical. This indicators are useful to guide to develop urban forest and park.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.303-312
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• 2012

Water supply and sewerage systems are the large-scale urban infrastructure ejecting large amount of environmental load over the life-cycle. Therefore, it is important not only to optimize in the aspect of economical superiority and process efficiency but also to consider earth scale environmental impact. This study aimed to suggest the establishment of life cycle management(LCM) system as an integrated management solution in urban water supply and sewerage systems. As a result, the methodology for LCM system consisting of life cycle assessment(LCA), life cycle cost(LCC), life cycle $CO_{2}(LCCO_{2})$ and life cycle energy(LCE) was developed. Also, several case studies using the latest statistics data of water supply and sewerage systems were carried out to investigate the field applicability of LCM.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.21-45
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• 1998

Urban quality of life(QOL) is recently considered as the important determinant of inter-urban migration and industrial location chice. However, there is little concensus in the method of measurement of QOL. This study provides an theoretical framework of the measurement of QOL. This study provides an theoretical framework of the measurement of QOL, and developes a new method, a multi-year$\cdot$mulit-dimensional distance index model. Based on the theoretical framework and the method, the QOLs of 74 urban areas in Korea are measured, and the determinants of the QOL and the changes of the QOL between two years of 1993 and 1995 are analyzed. The results of the analysis are as follows: 1) The interurban differences of the QOL tens to be interban differences of the QOL tend to be intensified over time. 2) The OQLs of the cities in the Capital Region are relatively deteriorated. 3) The conditions of education$\cdot$Culture$\cdot$leisure life determiner over 65% of the QOL of the Korean cities.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 2010

Place based intervention has become an important strategy for the ubiquitous city initiative. However, the role of the ubiquitous built environment in determining urban quality of life has not investigated fully. Using place as a relational space where people access u-infrastructure, u-health and u-services, this paper examines the relationship between spatial variations in the provision of ICTs and the spatial reconfiguration of quality of life operating at different geographical scales across Australia. Based on a case study of the state of Queensland in Australia, we emphasize the need for a place based approach to ubiquitous technologies and infrastructure provision in different socio economic hierarchies of space and place.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.253-266
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• 2015

The purpose of this study, regarding the effect of the marriage immigrant women's marriage adaptation living in urban and rural areas on their quality of the life, is to analyze whether there are any differences in the moderating effect of support from spouses and families for different areas of residence. This is in order to serve as the preliminary data for preparing intervention strategies that are suited to different areas of residence, so that the quality of life of marriage immigrant women may be improved. This study is a correlational research that targeted 304 marriage immigrant women living in urban and rural areas (148 in urban areas, 156 in rural areas). The study revealed that the support from spouses and families, marriage adaption, and the quality of life were lower in rural than in urban areas and that support from spouses and families, and marriage adaptation had a significant positive correlation for all areas of residence. Also, there was a moderating effect of support from spouses and families in the effect relationship between marriage adaptation and the quality of life. Also, it appeared that this moderating effect was more important in rural than in urban areas. On the basis of the results of this study, we propose that customized intervention strategies for each area of residence be developed so that regardless of the area, migrant women will be able to lead a marriage well and live a fulfilling life.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.385-394
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was identify the factors affecting health related quality of life in urban working elderly. This study used the data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examinations Survey and analyzed the demographic characteristics, work related factors, health related factors and health-related quality of life in living urban and aged 65 and over. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS 18.0 program. As a result, there were significant differences according to age, sex, marital status, generation composition, education level, family income, house ownership, allowance, private medical insurance, smoking, alcohol, stress. The affecting factors of health-related quality of life were sex, education level, allowance, private medical insurance. According to the results of this study, the health-related quality of life of the elderly should be improved by considering gender specific characteristics and economic status.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.226-233
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose was to test the effect of an empowerment health management program on self-esteem and the quality of life for the elderly who live in cities. Methods: Forty-three elders were randomly assigned to either the experimental group that received the intervention to participate in one year's empowerment practice (one home visiting per week and phone counselling) (n=21) or to the control group that got home visiting only (n=22). The data was analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: There was no significant difference in the self-esteem score between the two groups after the intervention. But the quality of life score of the experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group after the intervention. Conclusions: The health management intervention using empowerment for the elderly living alone with chronic diseases in urban areas had positive effects on the quality of life. Therefore this intervention can be broadly applied to other elders living alone with chronic diseases in urban areas.