• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2020

The average growth day of 11 maize varieties from planting to silking in the first cropping (FC) was 89.5 days and in the second cropping (SC) was 46.7 days, which was 43 days faster than in the FC. The average 100-kernel weight (100 KW) in the FC was 28.4 g and 18.3 g in the SC, which was approximately 36.4% lower than that in the FC. The average crude oil content of FC was 3.97% and SC was 3.08%, which was about 0.89% lower than that of FC. The composition of stearic and oleic acid was significantly higher in FC, whereas palmitic and linoleic acid were higher in SC; however, linolenic acid was not statistically different between the two crops. The crude oil content was negatively correlated with linoleic acid (FC -0.264^ns, SC -0.504**) and positively correlated with linolenic acid (0.526**). Unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) composition showed a significant difference between FC (83.48%) and SC (82.96%). Total phytosterol content was 598.3 mg/100 g and 701.9 mg/100 g in FC and SC, respectively, and showed significant difference by planting dates. The β-sitosterol content showed no statistical difference between the planting dates, but campesterol and stigmasterol were significantly higher in SC than in FC. Therefore, it was considered that the temperature condition during the ripening period affects the 100 KW of maize, and this leads to the variation in phytosterol content. However, among phytosterols, β-sitosterol was relatively little affected by the planting dates. USFA composition showed a significantly negative correlation with phytosterol content. Considering the results, the relatively high phytosterol content in SC was mainly because of the delay in progress of starch accumulation as daily air temperature decreased from the middle of the ripening period, whereas progress of phytosterol accumulation in the maize kernel was considered relatively faster than that of starch accumulation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.297-308
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• 2003

Subjective pork quality was determined on the six groups of the following treatments. Meat samples were obtained from pigs which had been fed with finishing pig diets containing 5% beef tallow(C), 3% beef tallow and 2% perillar seed oil(T1), 250ppm vitamin E($\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate) in T1(T2), 3% beef tallow and 2% squid viscera oil(T3), 250ppm vitamin E in T3(T4), 3% beef tallow and 2% CLA(Conjugated linoleic acid, T5). In the fatty acid composition, SFA(Saturated fatty acid) and EFA(Essential fatty acid) were higher in T5 than in the rest of three treatments such as C, T1, T3 groups, while UFA(Unsaturated fatty acid), MUFA(Monounsaturated fatty acid), UFA/SFA, MUFA/SFA were low. The total content of amino acid in the T3 were higher those for the rest of rest of C, T1, T5 the content for vitamin added treatment(T2, T4) groups higher than non treated one. T3 and T5 showed higher TBARS(Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) values than the C and T1 groups VBN(Volatile basic nitrogen) values were higher in the order of T5>T3>T1>C. There was no difference in total plate counts, number of lactic acid bacteria and number of E. coli. In sensory property, the C and T1 showed a higher acceptance than the T3 and T5. In cooked meats, the T3 showed a lower hardness than that of control(C), T1 and, with a higher acceptance. In TBARS, VBN, total counts, lactic counts, and E. coli counts, sensory test of cooked meat and raw meat, there was no significant difference between vitamin supplement groups within each oil treatment.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.536-542
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• 2010

In this study, we determined the fat content, total fatty acid composition, trans fatty acid (tFA) content, and acid value of twenty samples of sweet-and-sour pork and fifteen samples of used frying oils collected from Chinese restaurants in Seoul. After the extraction of crude fat by the Folch method, the total fat content of the twenty sweet-and-sour porks ranged from 9.93 to 20.04%. The total unsaturated fatty acid content ranged from 50.05 to 81.22%, which mostly consisted of oleic and linoleic acid, while those of total saturated fatty acids were 18.06~49.26%. The tFA content of all of the twenty sweet-and-sour porks tested was less than 0.24 g per 100 g of food. The acid values of the fat extracted from the twenty sweet-and-sour porks ranged from 0.44 to 4.37. In the used frying oils, the ranges of the major compositional fatty acids were as follows: palmitic acid, 4.47~20.28%; oleic acid, 23.43~77.45%; linoleic acid, 5.6~53.06%; stearic acid, 1.81~7.38%. The tFA content in all of the fifteen used frying oils was less than 0.98 g per 100 g of fat, while the acid values of the fifteen used frying oils ranged from 0.27 to 2.41.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.256-269
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• 2011

Omega-3 fatty acids are a specific type of unsaturated fat that the body cannot manufacture on its own, so they must be obtained from food which is essential fatty acids (EFAs). Omega-3 fatty acids consist of three types which are a-Linolenic Acid (ALA), Eicosapentaenoic (ELA), and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA). Especially, EFAs help to prevent skin and hair drying, acne, eczema, prevention from allergies, brittle nails, rashes, and tiny lumps. The aim of this study is to investigate improvement and protection for hair damaged by chemical treatment with omega-3 formulated shampoo. We selected virgin hair sample and divided into two groups for bleaching once and three times and then damaged hair by changing the number of hair bleaching (twice with interval of 15 minutes). Each bleached hair was treated by five different kinds of shampoo (Control, Horse shampoo, DHA shampoo, EPA shampoo, Omega-3 shampoo mixture). Apart from this, EPA/DHA 2, 5, 8, 10 and 12% shampoo were prepared and treated to hair for comparing rate of progress in damaged hair. To quantify improved condition of damaged hair, we performed Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for ultrastructure of damaged hair fraction, measurement of thickness change and BCA Protein Assay for recovery rate of damaged hair. The moisture in hair was measured by Thermal analysis machine. In results, we observed the particle of hair surface damaged by bleaching treatment were well improved with treatment with EPA and DHA shampoo. Also, quantity of protein was lowered with higher concentration of EPA & DHA i.e., 8 and 12 % then compared with horse oil shampoo in three times treatment group. It shows that bleached hair have been recovered by treating rapidly and get protective coat. In conclusion, EPA and DHA shampoo improved damaged hair, especially with EPA / DHA 12% shampoo. Also, EPA shampoo could protect the damaged hair depending on increasing concentration of EPA. Therefore, we conclude omega-3 shampoo could make damaged hair protect and get healthy hair environment.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.261-265
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• 1983

The changes in fatty acid compositions of the each fraction of oil, that is, steryl ester, triglyceride, diglyceride and free fatty acid, were analyzed during the storage of sesame seed for 4, 9, and 15 months at four different storage conditions, that is, storage under light with linen pouch(LA), storage in dark with linen pouch(DA), storage under light with poly ethylene pouch(LS), and storage in dark with poly ethylene pouch(DS). In the fatty acid composition of steryl ester fraction, palmitic and stearic acid were decreased but linoleic acid was increased during the storage in all the storage conditions. The ratio of $C_{18}$ to $C_{16}$ fatty acids in steryl ester from DA and LA was higher than that from DS and LS during storage until 15 months. The palmitic and stearic acid content in triglyceride were decreased until 9 months of storage, then slightly increased until 15 months of storage in all the storage conditions, but reverse tendency was observed in the lineoleic acid content. The ratio of $C_{18}$ to $C_{16}$ fatty acids and unstaturated to saturated fatty acids in DS were slightly higher than these in DA and LA. In the fatty acid composition of free fatty acid, the content of palmitic and stearic acid were decreased until 9 months of storage, then increased until 15 months, but reverse tendency was observed in the oleic and linoleic acid: the ratio of unsaturated to staturated fatty acids in DA and LA was higher than that in DS and LS during the storage for 15 months.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.301-305
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• 2008

Forty Ricinus communis collections were obtained from RDA National Agrobiodiversity Center for knowing the possibility of the use as a bio-diesel possibility crop. These are analysis results about crude fat and fatty acid. Gas chromatogram of seed collections analysis showed 6 peaks and retention time of ricinoleic acid was about 17.1 minute. Average oil content of collections were ranged from 44.6 to 49.4% and the difference was between maximum 52.5% and minimum 41.4%. Fatty acid composition was almost unsaturated fatty acid of 97.6% and saturated fatty acid showed low content of 2.4%. Ricinoleic acid was 87.3% and the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid in fatty acid was 4.6%, and 5.2%, respectively. The content of palmitic acid and stearic acid was about 1% and the difference was insignificant. The content of linolenic acid was extremely low as 0.6%.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.146-152
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• 1981

The proximate compositions, fatty acids, and amino acids of mung bean(Phaseouls aureus) were determind: 1. The proximate compositions of mung bean were 24.80% crude protein, 4.75% crude fiber, 4.75% crude ash, 46.03% carbohydrate and 0.82% fat. 2. Saponification number, iodine number and non-saponifiable content of the lipids extracted from mung bean were 154.99, 117.05 and 14.83% respectively 3. The protein of mung bean was composed of glutamic acid (15.92%) and aspartic acid (12.09%) as major amino acids and considerable amounts of leucine (8.19%), arginine(7.31%) and pheylalanine (6.41%). The essential amino acid content including lysine(8.3%), threonine (3.5%) and tyrosine (2.83%) was higher than those of rice and barley which are deficient in those amino acids. 4. The lipids were composed of 35.5% linoleic acid, 15.5% linolenic acid and palmitic acid, 37% stearic acid, 5% oleic acid as major components, and 0.4% myristic acid, 1.0% arachidonic acid and 1.2% behenic acid as minor components. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acid ratio of oil extracted with di-ethyl ether from mung bean was $42{\sim}43/57{\sim}58%$.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.639-645
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• 2016

We herein report efficient triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) achieved in various non-toxic and non-volatile vegetable oils as a UC media using platinum-octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) and 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) as a sensitizer and acceptor, respectively. Green-to-blue UC was readily achieved from PtOEP/DPA solution in vegetable oils with the quantum yield of 8% without any deoxygenation process. The UC efficiency was found to be significantly dependent on the contents of unsaturated hydrocarbon in vegetable oils and viscosity of the solution, as well. Though the Stern-volmer constant and quantum yield in vegetable oils were measured to be lower than those measured in the deaerated organic solvent, the quenching efficiency was still high enough to be 93%. In the sunflower oil, the UC threshold intensity ($I_{th}$) was approx. $100mW/cm^2$, which is far larger than the sunlight intensity, but we believe that the UC achieved in non-toxic and air-saturated media was still highly applicable to nontraditional visualization techniques such as bioimaging.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are found in fish and fish oil. Recent studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids are effective in cancer, cardiovascular disease, immune system, cirrhosis, and nervous system disorders. In particular, omega-3 was also reported to help improve hyperlipidemia and liver function tests. On the other hand, there are few cases in Korea. This study examined whether omega-3 is effective in improving hyperlipemia and liver function by taking 1 gm/day for 2 weeks. As a result, AST was decreased in the liver function test, and GGT related to alcoholic hepatitis and fatty liver showed significant results. Omega-3 has been shown to help improve the liver function. The triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density cholesterol associated with cardiovascular disease decreased after omega-3 ingestion, particularly high density cholesterol. Omega-3 has also been shown to improve the hyperlipidemia. Comparisons between males and females before and after the ingestion of omega-3 showed significant results in AST (P<0.01) from the male group and in GGT (P<0.01) and high density cholesterol (P<0.01) from the female group. As a result, omega-3 intake can help control and improve liver function and hyperlipidemia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.277-281
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• 1983

The chemical composition of Undaria pinnatifida Laver (U.P. Laver) were determind. 1. Proximate compositions of U.P. Laver were 22.1% crude protein, 1.3% crude fat, 10.2% crude ash, 66.4% N.F.E, 3 0% crude fiber and 22.8% alginic acid. 2. U.P. Laver protein was chiefly composed of glutamic acid (3.24%) and aspartic acid (2.22%) and considerable quantities of leucine (1.98%), alanine (1.56%), valine (1.32%), lysine (1.22%) and phenylalanine (1.15%). 3. The major fatty acid contents of the lipid extracted from U.P. Laver were linolenic acid (45.2%), palmitic acid (26.14%) and linoleic acid (11.27%) and the minor fatty acid were myristic acid (8.41%), oleic acid (8.11%), and stearic acid (0.87%), respectively. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acid ratio of the oil extracted from U.P. Laver was 35.42/64.58 4. The vitamin contents of U. P. Laver were $28.1{\mu}g/g$ niacin, $25.0{\mu}g/g$ vit. E, $18.8{\mu}g/g$ vit. C. The minerals were composed 1.52% calcium, 0.32% phosphorus, 0.88% magnesium, 0.49% potassium and the others were small quantities.