• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2019

Purpose - This case study illustrates the story of eBay Korea, which owns two most leading Korean open market companies, AUCTION and Gmarket. The main concerns are to take over the Korean top domestic companies one by one, then, emerge these two giants through its well-developed post-merger Integration by eBay, an American multinational corporation. Research design, data, and methodology - This case explores various secondary resources such as periodicals, annual reviews, magazine, news articles, commentaries, even some interview materials related to 'eBay Korea' and industry source on condition of anonymity based on the critical reviewing of existing studies on these topics as well. Results - The findings of this study show the merger and acquisition of two market leaders in Korea is the only successful case in Asian Markets. The eBay's choice of entry mode is appropriate considering the timing, synergy and efficiency by sharing their resources. Conclusions - This study examines the successful entry and settlement process of foreign, multinational company through mergers and acquisitions in the Korean market. This would be a valuable in the studies of International Business and Global entry or distribution strategy in the e-commerce and open market dealing with M&A and its post-merger integration.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2016

During flight of the aircraft, the vortex merging phenomenon appears under the certain condition between co-rotating vortices which were generated at the wing tip and lifting-surface. And then these merged vortices at both sides show counter-rotating pattern to affect on the downstream of the aircraft. In this paper, the numerical simulations are conducted assuming this phenomenon in two-dimensional co-rotating or counter-rotating vortices pairs. Two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were converted into Vorticity-Streamfunction form and the Galerkin spectral method was adopted. The third order Runge-Kutta method was used for time integration. The effects on the vortex merger and degree of vortex merger were investigated according to time, Reynolds number, and changes in the distance between two vortices.

• 산학경영연구
• /
• 제12권
• /
• pp.139-159
• /
• 1999

기업합병은 기업의 외적성장을 위하여 사용되고 있으며 우리 나라는 1986년 합병회계준칙을 제정하여 지금까지 사용하였으나 이 준칙이 국제회계기준 및 합리적인 회계이론과 달라 많은 문제점으로 제기되었다. 1999년 이러한 문제점과 국제회계기준에 합당한 "기업인수 합병 등에 관한 회계처리준칙"이 제정되어 시행되고 있다. 1999년에 법인세법이 개정되면서 "합병 및 분할 등에 관한 특례"조항을 두고 합병에 관련되는 사항을 종전의 규정보다 더 자세하게 규정하고 있다. 본 연구는 합병회계이론과 현재 시행되고 있는 합병회계처리준척을 고찰한 후 현행 법인세법에서 규정하고 있는 합병에 관한 조항을 연구하여 세제측면에서 합병회계의 문제점을 연구하였다.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.35.1-35.1
• /
• 2018

Shock waves have been observed in the outskirts of galaxy clusters. They are commonly interpreted as being driven by mergers of sub-clumps, so are called "merger shocks". We here report a study of the properties of merger shocks in merging galaxy clusters with cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. As a representative case, we describe the case where sub-clusters with mass ratio ~ 2 go through an almost head-on, binary-like merger. Because of the turbulent nature of hierarchical clustering, shock surfaces are not uniform, but composed of parts with different Mach numbers. As merger shocks expand from the core to the outskirts, the average Mach number, < $M_s$ >, increases. The shocks propagating along the merger axis could be observed as X-ray shocks and/or radio relics. The kinetic energy through the shocks peaks at ~ 1 Gyr after shock launching, or at ~ 1 - 2 Mpc from the core. The most energetic shocks are found to have the kinetic-energy weighted Mach number, < $M_s$ > $_{\phi}{\simeq}2-3$, and the CR-energy weighted Mach number, < $M_s$ > $_{CR}{\simeq}3-4$. We then discuss the observational implications of our results.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.60.3-61
• /
• 2018

Abell 115 is a renowned cluster merger at z=0.197. It exhibits an asymmetric X-ray distribution with cometary tails and a megaparsec-sized radio relic stretching in the northeastern direction from the core of the northern cluster. Many observations have concluded that this cluster merger has a large impact parameter, but there has been no numerical analysis on the structure of Abell 115. In this study, we simulate Abell 115 with Gadget2 N-body/SPH code to reproduce the X-ray and weak lensing features of Abell 115. We find a new plausible merger scenario of Abell 115, wherein the northern cluster is currently in an outgoing phase. The predicted X-ray emission has a similar morphology to the observed tail of the northern cluster. However, in order to reproduce the observed line-of-sight velocity and projected distance while maintaining the two systems gravitationally bound, the system should possess a large projection angle, which makes the shock look considerably more diffused than the observed radio relic.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 국내 IT 기업의 인수합병이 내부 역량강화의 전략적 측면에서 나타나는 성과를 다음커뮤니케이션과 카카오 그룹의 합병 내용을 실증 분석한 내용이다. 다음이 카카오와 합병을 추진한 후 다음이라는 기존의 포털사이트 운영을 카카오의 플랫폼 비즈니스가 영역으로 확대해 가는 모습을 나타냈다. 합병이 이루어지고 주가의 총액은 최고를 경신했으나 조만간 그 가치가 하락했다. 합병으로 인한 기업의 성장성은 일시적으로 하락한 것으로 나타났는데 이는 합병으로 인한 내부적 비용의 발생으로 사료된다. 수익성의 경우에도 합병이 긍정적인 성과를 보이지 않았다. 안정성의 경우에는 합병으로 인한 기대 심리가 반영이 되어 다소 상승한 것으로 나타났다. 두 기업의 합병을 시계열적 분석을 통해 보면 다음이 카카오에 대한 관심이 많았지만 합병이후 다음과 카카오의 관심도가 유사하게 나타났다. 이는 다음의 검색 사이트보다는 카카오의 다양한 플랫폼 비즈니스 확장으로 인한 결과로 보여 진다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 국내의 IT기업들이 자신의 자원 혹은 역량을 강화하기 위한 M&A를 추진할 때에는 시너지를 창출할 전략적 요인들의 분석을 통해 접근을 해야 할 것을 제시한다.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.72.1-72.1
• /
• 2012

Sheen et al. 2012 reported a high fraction of galaxies with post-merger features in clusters. The fraction is much higher than what analytic calculation predicts based on the fact that subhalos inside galaxy clusters have high relative velocities. In this study, we aim to address the origin of the post-merger features and to draw an implication for the assembly history of the cluster galaxies. We have performed high-resolution hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations on a cluster of ~1015M using the publicly available Adaptive Mesh Refinements (AMR) code, RAMSES. From the simulations, we have constructed mock images of cluster galaxies taking into account age, metallicity, mass of stellar populations and extinction. The mock images enable us to directly compare the simulation result with deep observation data of cluster galaxies. We discuss possible scenarios for the origin of the post-merger features. We also discuss caveats and future perspectives from the study.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.76.2-76.2
• /
• 2019

Recent observation of the neutron star merger event, GW170817, through both gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic wave (EM) observations opened a new way of exploring the universe, namely, multi-messenger astronomy (MMA). One of the keys to the success of MMA is a rapid identification of EM counterpart. We will introduce the strategy for prioritization of GW source host galaxy candidates. Our method relies on recent simulation results regarding plausible properties of GW source host galaxies and the low latency localization map from LIGO/Virgo. We will show the test results for both NS merger and BH merger events using previous events and describe observing strategy with our facilities for GW events during the ongoing LIGO/Virgo O3 run. Finally, we report the result of follow-up observation on, the first neutron star merger event, S190425z, during LIGO/VIrgo O3 run.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.39.2-39.2
• /
• 2012

We present our study on a comparison of dark matter halo merger history from the runs using different numerical simulation codes. To analyze the uncertainty caused by the use of different N-body calculation methods, we compare the results from two cosmological hydrodynamic simulation codes GADGET-2 and RAMSES, which use a TreePM algorithm and the Adaptive Mesh Refinement(AMR) technique respectively. We perform cosmological dark matter-only simulations with the same parameter set and initial condition for both. The dark matter halo mass functions from two simulation runs correspond well with each other, except for lower mass haloes. The discrepancy on the low-mass haloes in turn causes a notable difference in halo merger rate, especially for the case of extremely minor merger. The result from GADGET-2 predicts that most haloes undergo more number of mergers with small haloes than that from RAMSES, independent of halo mass and environment. However, in the context of the study on galaxy evolution, such extreme minor mergers generally do not have strong effects on galaxy properties such as morphology or star formation history. Hence, we suggest that this uncertainty could be quantitatively negligible, and the results from two simulations are reliable even with only minor difference in merger history.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.34.1-34.1
• /
• 2018

Using cosmological N-body simulations we investigate statistical properties of flyby encounters between halos in comparison with mergers. We classify halo pairs into two groups based on the total energy (E12); flybys (E12 > 0) and mergers (E12 < 0). By measuring the flyby and merger fractions, we assess their dependencies on redshift (0 < z < 4), halo mass (10.8 < log Mhalo/Msun < 13.0), and large-scale environment (from field to cluster). We find that the flyby and merger fractions similarly increase with redshift until z = 1, and that the flyby fraction at higher redshift (1 < z < 4) slightly decreases in contrast to the continuously increasing merger fraction. While the merger fraction has little or no dependence on the mass and environment, the flyby fraction correlates negatively with mass and positively with environment. The flyby fraction exceeds the merger fraction in filaments and clusters; even 10 times greater in the densest environment. Our results suggest that the flyby makes a substantial contribution to the observed pair fraction, thus heavily influencing galactic evolution across the cosmic time.