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Risk Factors and Nutritional Profiles Associated with Stunting in Children

  • Febriani, Andi Dwi Bahagia;Daud, Dasril;Rauf, Syarifuddin;Nawing, Herry Demokrasi;Ganda, Idham Jaya;Salekede, Setia Budi;Angriani, Hadia;Maddeppungeng, Martira;Juliaty, Aidah;Alasiry, Ema;Artaty, Ratna Dewi;Lawang, St Aizah;Ridha, Nadirah Rasyid;Laompo, Amiruddin;Rahimi, Rahmawaty;Aras, Jusli;Sarmila, Besse
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.457-463
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: To analyze risk factors and various nutrients associated with stunting among children aged 6-60 months. Methods: This is a case-control and cross-sectional study between 40 stunting cases and 40 controls. Data on possible risk factors associated with stunting were obtained through direct interviews and using a questionnaire. Examination of vitamin D, zinc, albumin, and ferritin levels was performed on both groups. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) to determine risk factors for stunting and to assess the relationship between nutritional levels and stunting. Results: The incidence of stunting was highest in children aged 12-36 months. Children with low weight and very low weight for age comprised of 55% and 22.5%, respectively, of the study participants. The highest mother's educational level was junior high school (40%). History of low birth weight (LBW) was more commonly observed in the stunting group than that in the control group (25.0% and 7.5%, respectively; p=0.034, odds ratio, 0.310 [95% confidence interval, 0.122-0.789]). Approximately 7.5% of cases had premature birth. Exclusive breast feeding was found to be not correlated with stunting. The mean zinc level in the stunting group was 34.17 ng/mL, which was different from that in the control group (50.83 ng/mL) (p=0.023). Blood ferritin, vitamin D, albumin, and calcium levels were not strongly correlated with stunting. Conclusion: LBW is the main risk factor contributing to stunting and is strongly associated with low zinc level.

Asymptomatic Human Paragonimiasis among the Karen People in Tak Province, Thailand: A Case Report

  • Kusolsuk, Teera;Phuphisut, Orawan;Maipanich, Wanna;Pubampen, Somchit;Sa-nguankiat, Surapol;Poodeepiyasawat, Akkarin;Homsuwan, Nirundorn;Mongkolmoo, Srisuchart;Yoonuan, Tippayarat;Adisakwattana, Poom;Silachamroon, Udomsak;Nawa, Yukifumi
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.58 no.1
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    • pp.57-60
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    • 2020
  • During the mobile clinic activities in Tak Province, Thailand, Paragonimus sp. eggs were found in a fecal sample of a 72-year-old Karen resident. Paragonimus DNA was amplified from the stool sample and identified to P. heterotremus. The patient did not have any symptoms. Apparent pulmonary lesion was not found on the chest X-ray. The patient admitted habitual consumption of semi-cooked or roasted waterfall crabs for several years. The waterfall crabs collected from stream near the village were found negative for Paragonimus metacercariae. In northern Thailand, paragonimiasis remains as one of the public health concerns and should be ruled out for asymptomatic pulmonary patients.

Genome-wide SNP analysis provides insights into the XX/XY sex-determination system in silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)

  • Visarut Chailertrit;Thitipong Panthum;Lalida Kongkaew;Piangjai Chalermwong;Worapong Singchat;Syed Farhan Ahmad;Ekaphan Kraichak;Narongrit Muangmai;Prateep Duengkae;Surin Peyachoknagul;Kyudong Han;Kornsorn Srikulnath
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.47.1-47.12
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    • 2023
  • Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) is among the most economically important freshwater fish species in Thailand. It ranks fourth in economic value and third in production weight for fisheries and culture in Thailand. An XX/XY sex-determination system based on gynogenesis was previously reported for this fish. In this study, the molecular basis underlying the sex-determination system was further investigated. Genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data were generated for 32 captive-bred silver barb individuals, previously scored by phenotypic sex, to identify sex-linked regions associated with sex determination. Sixty-three male-linked loci, indicating putative XY chromosomes, were identified. Male-specific loci were not observed, which indicates that the putative Y chromosome is young and the sex determination region is cryptic. A homology search revealed that most male-linked loci were homologous to the Mariner/Tc1 and Gypsy transposable elements and are probably the remnants of an initial accumulation of repeats on the Y chromosome from the early stages of sex chromosome differentiation. This research provides convincing insights into the mechanism of sex determination and reveals the potential sex determination regions in silver barb. The study provides the basic data necessary for increasing the commercial value of silver barbs through genetic improvements.